Visa policy of China

A type L Chinese visa for tourists (issued in San Francisco)
Chinese X1 visa for long-term (more than 6 months) study, issued in Manchester
Wet-ink stamp version of a type L visa issued in 1989
Entry and exit stamps from Fuzhou Changle International Airport

Visitors to the Mainland of People's Republic of China must obtain a visa from one of the Chinese diplomatic missions unless they come from one of the visa exempt countries. The two Special Administrative Regions – Hong Kong and Macau – maintain their own independent border control policy and thus have their own visa requirements.[1]

Chinese visas are issued both outside China, by the Chinese diplomatic missions, and in China, by the Exit and Entry Administrations (EEAs) of the county-level Public Security Bureaus (PSBs).[2] In order to enter China, however, a non-Chinese national should apply to the visa-issuing authorities outside China for a Chinese visa.[3] Because Hong Kong and Macau maintain their independent border control policies, ordinary Chinese visas are valid for Mainland China only and are not valid for Hong Kong or Macau, so travelers must apply for separate visas for Hong Kong or Macau should they require one for travelling to these regions.

The government of the People's Republic of China allows holders of normal passports issued by 11 countries to travel to Mainland China for tourism or business purposes for up to 15, 30 or 90 days without having to obtain a visa. Visitors of other nationalities, as well as residents of Hong Kong and Macau, are required to obtain either a visa or a permit prior to arrival, depending on their nationality. In order to boost tourism, some ports of entry of China allow nationals of certain countries to visit specified regions within 72 or 144 hours if they are in transit to a third country. In 2014 the PRC government announced its intention to sign mutual visa facilitation and visa-free agreements with more countries in the future.[4] Since then, a number of such agreements were concluded with some countries.

All non-Chinese travelers as well as Hong Kong and Macau permanent residents who stay in Mainland China for more than 24 hours must register with the local PSBs. When staying in a hotel, the registration is usually done as a part of the check-in process. When staying in a private home, however, the visitor must physically report to the local PSB within 24 hours of arrival for cities or 72 hours for rural areas. All visa-free passengers, including those in transit who stay for more than 24 hours, must adhere to the rule, as failure to comply can result in a fine or be detained by PSB for up to 15 days.[5]

Eligible nationalities for visa-free entry

Arrival Card for non-Chinese travel document holders
Visa policy of China for holders of ordinary passports

Travelers who are nationals of the following nations are not required to obtain a visa prior to travel to China as long as their trip lasts no more than the visa waiver limit listed below.

Visa-free for ordinary passports

Holders of ordinary passports issued by the following 11 countries do not need a visa to enter China as long as their trip does not last longer than the visa-free period listed below.

90 days

30 days

15 days

Notes
  1. ^ Nationals of Brunei, Japan and Singapore can apply for a visa at the local Public Security Bureaus if their stay exceeds 15 days.

A visa-free agreement was signed with Serbia on 6 November 2016 and it is yet to be implemented.[19] According to the Sputnik and RT, the agreement is expected to come into effect from January 2017.[20][21]

Visa-free for Passport for Public Affairs or its equivalents

The list includes countries which had signed visa-free agreements with China for holders of passports for public affairs or ordinary passports endorsed for public affairs. Exceptions are listed below.[1]

1 - Visa free only for holders of "E-series" normal passports.
2 - Visa free for both "Passport For Public Affairs" or "Passport For Official Trip".
3 - Visa free only for normal passports with a sticker stating "For Business Purposes Only".
4 - Visa free only if the passport for public affairs has a sheet attached on the visa page showing in red capitals "AB" and an additional validity date.

Visa-free for diplomatic, official, and/or service passports

Visa policy of China for holders of various categories of official passports
  China
  Diplomatic, official, service or special passports
  Diplomatic, service or special passports
  Diplomatic, official or service passports
  Diplomatic or service passports
  Diplomatic or official passports
  Diplomatic or special passports
  Diplomatic passports

Under reciprocal agreements, holders of passports or laissez-passers issued by the following jurisdictions are allowed to enter and remain in China for up to 30 days (unless otherwise noted).[22]

D — diplomatic passports
O — official passports
S — service passports
Sp — special passports
LP — laissez-passers
1 – 90 days in 180 days, for EU countries not otherwise indicated
2 – 90 days
3 – 60 days
4 – only when accompanying a Minister of the Irish government on an official visit for official passport holders
5 – only when containing a "Visa Exempted" label for official passport holders

Merchant seamen

All merchant seamen who benefit from the visa waiver must travel on duty and hold the following documents:

Merchant seamen from the 11 visa-free countries can enter China without a visa if they satisfy the conditions listed above.

Merchant Seamen from the following countries can also enter China without a visa if they satisfy the conditions listed above and enter China via the following ports of entry:[1]

For nationals of  Ukraine:

For nationals of  Poland:

For nationals of  Lithuania and  Russia:

APEC Business Travel Card

Holders of passports issued by the following countries who possess an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) containing the code "CHN" on the back of the card can enter China visa-free for business trips for up to 60 days.[1]

ABTCs are issued to nationals of:[23]

ABTCs are also issued to permanent residents of  Hong Kong, however permanent residents with Chinese nationality are required to use their Home Return Permits instead. Only holders of non-Chinese passports can use the card to enter Mainland China.

Although  Republic of China (Taiwan) is a member of this program, its nationals are also not allowed to use ABTC to enter Mainland China, instead they are required to use Taiwan Compatriot Permits.

Entry procedures for residents of Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, and nationals of Republic of China (Taiwan)

Due to the complicated Cross-Strait relations between People's Republic of China (PRC) and Republic of China (ROC, commonly known as Taiwan) as well as the One Country, Two Systems policy within PRC regarding Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau, travelers who are residents of these three regions cannot use their passports to enter Mainland China if they are nationals of PRC and/or ROC. Instead, they are required to hold different types of permits listed below when travelling to Mainland China.

Overview

Nationality Residency Travel with... Validity Number of entries Duration of stay
 People's Republic of China  Hong Kong
 Macao		 Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macao Residents (Home Return Permit)[24]
 10 years (for adults) Multiple Unlimited stay
5 years (for minors under 18)
Exit and Entry Permit 3 months Single 3 months
 Republic of China  Taiwan Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents (Taiwan Compatriot Permit)[25] 5 years Multiple Up to 5 years
3 months Single 3 months
None (Nationals without household registration) Chinese Travel Document 2 years (maximum) Multiple Up to 2 years

Residents of Hong Kong or Macau

Although Hong Kong SAR and Macau SAR are constituents of China, they maintain their own immigration policies, which are vastly different from those of Mainland China, and individual border controls, which separate the territories from the Mainland. The Chinese government, however, does not consider Chinese nationals with resident status of Hong Kong and Macau travelling to China as international travelers, and hence the SAR passports or British National (Overseas) passports cannot be used when entering or transiting through China, regardless of whether they are arriving from Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan or from overseas.[26]

Therefore, in order to enter Mainland China, all permanent residents and some non-permanent residents of Hong Kong SAR and Macau SAR with Chinese nationality are required to apply for a Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macao Residents (commonly called a "Home Return Permit"), a travel document which also serves as the de facto ID card in Mainland China. The permit is valid for 5 years for individuals under 18 or 10 years for those over 18. All first-time applicants must submit their applications to the China Travel Service (CTS) branch in Hong Kong or Macau while subsequent renewals of the permit can be done in either Mainland China or the two SARs.[27] It is not possible to apply or renew the permit outside the PRC. Holders of the permit can enter Mainland China regardless of purpose of entry and can remain in Mainland China indefinitely, although their social benefits are restricted unlike Chinese nationals with residency in Mainland China. Home Return Permit holders also need to obtain an employment authorization from the municipal governments in order to work legally in Mainland China.[28]

Those who need to travel to Mainland China urgently but do not have a valid Home Return Permit can apply for a Chinese Exit and Entry Permit, also only through the CTS, in Hong Kong or Macau or at the ports of Luohu and Huanggang.[29] The Exit and Entry Permit is valid for 3 months and only good for a single trip to Mainland China.[30] Unlike ROC nationals, there is no permit-on-arrival service at other ports of entry for SAR passport holders, and those seeking to enter Mainland China who arrived at a port of entry without acceptable documentations for entering will be denied entry and removed from Mainland China.

Nationals of Republic of China (Taiwan)

The Chinese government also does not recognize the sovereignty of Taiwan (officially known as the Republic of China or ROC), and considers all territories of Taiwan as part of its own. Hence, travelling between Taiwan and Mainland China are also not considered by Chinese government as international travel. As a result, Taiwan passports are not accepted for entry and transit through Mainland China, and ROC nationals with right of adobe in Taiwan ("right of adobe" is defined as the eligibility of holding a Taiwanese National ID Card) are required to apply for a Mainland Travel Permit for Taiwan Residents, commonly known as "Taiwan Compatriot Permit", before visiting Mainland China.

The 5-year permit, which also serves as the de facto ID card in Mainland China, can be applied from travel agencies in Taiwan and CTS in Hong Kong or Macau. Holders of the permit are allowed to enter Mainland China for any purpose and remain in Mainland China until the expiration date of the permit (up to 5 years). Those who have settled in Mainland China, however, may elect to renew their permits in Mainland China, and they can continue to reside in Mainland China provided that their permits do not expire. A 30-day stay for each visit to Hong Kong is also permitted with the strength of the permit. Like Home Return Permit holders, holders of Taiwan Compatriot Permit also require to obtain a separate employment authorization before working in Mainland China. They can, however, enjoy social benefits in certain municipalities like Shanghai once they have legally settled in Mainland China, some of which are only offered to local residents.[31][32]

For those who have never held a 5-year permit or whose permit has expired, single-entry Taiwan Compatriot Permits may be applied on arrival at some airports.

Applications outside the Greater China Region

As these two permits can only be applied and renewed from Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan, residents of Hong Kong and Macau as well as all ROC nationals (including those without right of abode in Taiwan) can apply for a passport-like Chinese Travel Document through the Chinese foreign missions if their permits are expired or if they are residing outside the Greater China region and have never applied for the permits. The travel document is valid for up to two years. Those who also have multiple citizenship with other countries, however, are not eligible to apply for the travel document, and they must use their non-SAR or non-ROC passports (along with appropriate visas) to travel to Mainland China, or they can apply for Home Return Permits or Taiwan Compatriot Permits if they are physically in Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan and they are eligible to do so.

Other visa-free arrangements

Chinese Visa Waiver Programs

Tour group

Citizens of following countries may visit China without a visa for up to 30 days if traveling as part of a tour group that is accompanied by a representative of a tour operator registered in both countries:[1]

Crew members

Citizens of following countries may visit China without a visa if they are travelling as part of the airline crew:[1]

1 - only when travelling on duty with Emirates Airlines.

Nationals of  Russia who hold an identity certificate for suite stewards on international trains can enter visa-free.[33]

In addition, visa is not required for crew members of airlines that have an agreement with the Chinese government exempting crew members.

Visa-free transit

There are two types of transit-without-visa (TWOV) programs in Mainland China: the 24-hour TWOV, available to passengers of most nationalities at most ports of entry; and the 72/144-hour TWOV, available to certain nationalities and only through specific ports of entry.

24-hour transit

Under the 24-hour TWOV policy, visa is not required for travelers who:

Like TWOV rules of other countries, travelers must be in transit to a different country other than the country of departure, hence passengers who travel between the U.S. territories and contiguous United States, Alaska or Hawaii are ineligible for TWOV, unless one of their flights has a stop in another country or territory. The only exceptions to the rule are Hong Kong and Macau, which are considered as countries under the context.

The 24-hour transit rule allows multiple stops within Mainland China, as long as the traveler has a flight segment leaving Mainland China in 24 hours, so it's possible to enter through a port of entry in China, take multiple segments of domestic flights within China, and depart from a different port of entry in under 24 hours. Contrary to the transit rules of other countries, all travelers in transit are required to go through immigration and customs even if they do not intend to leave the airport, except for passengers arriving and departing from Beijing Capital International Airport where they can proceed directly to the sterile transit area without immigration checks.

Leaving the transit area is allowed even for passengers who only have one transit point within Mainland China, however they must also depart China within 24 hours.[1]

Restrictions

Holders of the following travel documents are not eligible for 24-hour TWOV and are required to hold additional permits or identity documents:[25][26]

Holders of SAR passports who are not in possession of Home Return Permits are only allowed to transit through Beijing Capital International Airport.

The restriction does not apply to holders of these passports who also hold Chinese Travel Documents.

In addition to those listed above, some ports of entry place additional restrictions on nationals of certain countries:

72-hour stay / 144-hour stay

Holders of passports issued by the following 51 countries do not require a visa for a 72-hour or a 144-hour[35][36] stay if they are transiting through the following ports of entry, provided that they:

In order to qualify for the 72 or 144-hour TWOV, the traveler's inbound and outbound flights must directly arrive at and depart from one of the acceptable ports of entry from or to a third country (including one of the two SARs). Both flights must have no stopovers of any kind within Mainland China prior to arrival or after departure at the port of entry, and the outbound flight's first stop or destination must be in a different country than the inbound flight's. Travels between U.S. territories and the contiguous U.S. are also ineligible for 72 or 144-hour TWOV, unless one of their flights has a stopover in a third country or a SAR.[1]

A passenger who completed the inspection process will be given a temporary entry permit, which may be in the form of a stamp or a sticker, with the approved area of stay as well as date of entry and departure.[37] The 72 or 144-hour duration of stay starts from 12:01 a.m. on the day following the date of arrival for most ports of entry. For ports of entry marked with * below, however, the duration of stay starts on the day of arrival.[1]

Travelers utilizing this scheme are only authorized to visit certain municipalities or provinces listed below, cannot leave the municipalities or provinces and must depart from the same port of entry, except for travelers who enters through ports of entry marked with # below, in which they can also depart from any port of entry marked with # within the certain municipalities or provinces.[38][39][40]

Since 30 January 2016, any traveler who enters through ports of entry marked with # in the list below within Shanghai, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province can stay within these areas for up to 144 hours.[35] A similar policy will be implemented in Guangdong Province in late 2016.[41]

This scheme also applies for holders of valid single or double-entry Chinese visas, who will normally be assessed by the immigration officers first to check whether their itineraries fit the rules listed above. If their travel is deemed to comply with the 72/144-hour TWOV rule and they confirm that they do not intend to leave the approved municipalities, they will be granted the 72/144-hour TWOV temporary entry permit instead and their Chinese visas will not be utilized, unless the traveler specifically requests to use the visa for entry.[42]

Abusing the facility in any way, including cancelling the original outbound ticket and purchasing another to return directly to the inbound country, can cause the traveler to be considered as an illegal resident who may be penalized and blacklisted by the PSB.[43][35]

Eligible countries

1 - for holders of diplomatic or official passports only. Visa is not required for holders of normal passports.
2 - for British citizens only.

Eligible ports of entry
Port of entry Areas permitted to stay Maximum length of stay Effective date Reference
Beijing Capital International Airport* Beijing 72 hours 2013/1/1 [45]
Changsha Huanghua International Airport Hunan Province 72 hours 2016/1/1[46] [47]
Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport Chengdu 72 hours 2013/9/1 [45]
Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport Chongqing 72 hours 2013/12/30 [48]
Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport Dalian 72 hours 2014/1/1 [48]
Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport Guangdong Province 72 hours 2013/8/1 [45][41]
Guilin Liangjiang International Airport* Guilin 72 hours 2014/7/2 [49]
Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport# Shanghai, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province 144 hours 2014/10/20[50] [35]
Harbin Taiping International Airport* Harbin 72 hours 2015/8/1[51] [52]
Jieyang Chaoshan International Airport Guangdong Province 144 hours TBA [41]
Kunming Changshui International Airport* Kunming 72 hours 2014/10/1 [53]
Nanjing Lukou International Airport# Shanghai, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province 72 hours 2015/9/10[54] [35]
Shanghai Port International Cruise Terminal# Shanghai, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province 144 hours 2016/1/30 [35]
Shanghai Railway Station#
for passengers travelling on the Shanghai-Kowloon Through Train only.[42] 		Shanghai, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province 144 hours 2016/1/30 [35]
Shanghai Wusongkou International Cruise Terminal# Shanghai, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province 144 hours 2016/1/30 [35]
Qingdao Liuting International Airport* Shandong Province 72 hours 2015/11/16

[55]

Shanghai Pudong International Airport# Shanghai, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province 144 hours 2013/1/1[45] [35]
Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport# Shanghai, Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province 144 hours 2013/1/1[45] [35]
Shenyang Taoxian International Airport* Shenyang 72 hours 2014/1/1 [48]
Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport Guangdong Province 144 hours TBA [41]
Tianjin Binhai International Airport Tianjin 72 hours 2015/6/8 [56]
Wuhan Tianhe International Airport Wuhan 72 hours 2015/5/1 [57]
Xi'an Xianyang International Airport Xi'an & Xianyang 72 hours 2014/1/6 [58]
Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport Xiamen 72 hours 2015/4/1 [59]
Popularity

The popularity of the 72 or 144-hour TWOV scheme varies significantly depending on the port of entry. Airports in Beijing, Guangzhou and the Yangtze River Delta region receive the vast majority of passengers with Shanghai seeing over 125 passengers on a daily basis and over 15,000 visitors since the commencement of the 144-hour TWOV, while airports in smaller cities such as Wuhan, Tianjin, Xi'an and Kunming received less than 50 per month since the commencement, with Kunming only received a total of 133 travelers from October 2014 to September 2016.[60] An immigration official in Kunming even said that it could take "a few weeks" before they can see the next passenger to utilize TWOV. Officials in these cities cited the lack of awareness of the policy, the restrictions on movements, the short period of time, a lack of international flights from airports, and the shortage of services offered by travel agencies as the main reasons of the lack of passengers.[61]

Base on a study published by Chinese travel agency Ctrip, Shanghai Pudong International Airport was the dominant airport for the TWOV scheme in the first half of 2016, receiving over 14,000 visitors or 50.14% of the total TWOV travelers during the period. Beijing Capital International Airport was a distant second with 18.31%, while Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport received 14.34%. The fourth and fifth place were Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport (6.69%) and Nanjing Lukou International Airport (1.78%). The majority of travelers utilizing the scheme were nationals of the United States, while many travelers from Canada, Germany, France, South Korea and Australia also used the facility.[62]

Region-specific visa regulations

The Chinese government has implemented visa waiver schemes or special visa regulations for foreign nationals travelling to particular areas of Mainland China or foreign nationals residing in certain regions bordering Mainland China.[63]

Cruise ship visitors

Non visa-exempt nationals travelling with tour groups on cruise ships can enter China without a visa for a maximum stay of 15 days since 1 October 2016 (duration of stay starts from the next day of arrival). To be eligible, they must:[64]

Approved groups must travel with the cruise ship within the entire duration of their trip, and can only visit the following provincial-level municipalities, provinces and autonomous regions on the trip:

Visitors utilizing this policy will not have their passports stamped and do not need to complete arrival cards or departure cards.

Passengers who boarded the cruise without joining a tour group may apply to join an existing group provided the travel agency relays the information to the Chinese authorities and receives approval before the ship's arrival. In addition, 24-hour and 144-hour TWOV policies apply to those who are not joining a tour group and are leaving China by air, train or sea in 24 or 144 hours depending on their nationality.

Transit visa on arrival at Dalian for merchant seamen

Merchant Seamen can obtain a 7-day visa on arrival at Dalian Zhoushuizi International Airport for a fee of US$168 if they satisfy the following requirements:[1]

Visa-free group tour to Pearl River Delta

All visitors to Hong Kong and/or Macao are able to visit the surrounding Pearl River Delta visa-free as long as the following conditions are met:[65]

The facility was suspended for nationals of Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand since August 2016 as a part of heightened security measures for the 2016 G20 Hangzhou summit.[66] The officials of Guangdong Province claimed that the pause of using the facility by certain nationals was due to a "system upgrade".[67]

Visa-free group tour to Guilin for ASEAN nationals

Non visa-exempt nationals of ASEAN countries listed below can visit Guilin without a visa for a maximum of 6 days if they travel with an approved tour group and enter China from Guilin Liangjiang International Airport. They may not visit other cities within Guangxi or other parts of Mainland China.[68]

Non visa-exempt ASEAN countries are:

Special Economic Zone visa on arrival

Sample of a SEZ visa

Visitors from most countries may obtain an entry visa when travelling to and staying solely in the three Special Economic Zones: Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Xiamen.[69][70] Visitors can only stay within these cities and cannot proceed further into other parts of Mainland China. Visas for Shenzhen are valid for 5 days, and visas for Xiamen and Zhuhai are valid for 3 days. The duration of stay starts from the next day of arrival.[71] The visa can only be obtained only upon arrival at Luohu Port, Huanggang Port Control Point, Fuyong Ferry Terminal or Shekou Passenger Terminal for Shenzhen;[72] Gongbei Port of Entry, Hengqin Port or Jiuzhou Port for Zhuhai;[73] and Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport for Xiamen.[74] Visa fees are charged on a reciprocal basis ranging from ¥168 to ¥420.

Nationals of the following countries are ineligible for the SEZ visa for Shenzhen:[75]

Province of Hainan

Group tour visa waiver

Nationals of the following countries can visit Hainan Island without a visa for no more than 15 days if they are visiting as part of a tour group organised by a travel agency approved by National Tourism Administration and based in Hainan with a party of 5 or more people unless otherwise stated:[1][76]

1 - Nationals of these countries can stay for up to 21 days with a tour group of a minimum of 2 people.
2 - for British citizens only.

Visa on arrival

Citizens of the following countries can obtain a visa on arrival at a cost of ￥200 for a maximum stay of 15 days if holding two passport photos and arriving from Haikou Meilan International Airport or Sanya Phoenix International Airport:[1]

1 - for British citizens only.

Province of Zhejiang

Non-Chinese or Taiwanese visitors travelling as a part of a tour group belonging to a travel agency in Zhejiang Province can obtain a visa on arrival at Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport for a maximum stay of 1 month.[1]

Border area

Visa for Hong Kong and Macau residents who are not Chinese nationals

Non-visa-exempt nationals who are residents of Hong Kong or Macau require a visa to visit the Mainland.

All holders of Hong Kong Identity Cards are eligible to apply for a 6 or 12-month visa with multiple entries provided that they have applied for and received at least one Chinese visa in the past, have been a resident of Hong Kong for more than 7 months, and are not employed as domestic helpers in Hong Kong. Hong Kong permanent residents are eligible for a 3-year visa if they have received at least one 6 or 12-month multiple-entry visa in the past.[81]

Domestic helpers in Hong Kong can apply for a single or double-entry L visa valid for one or two stays of 30 days. Multiple-entry L visas valid for 6 months with 15-day stays are available to those who have received at least one Chinese visa. All visa applicants who are domestic helpers require a written letter from the employer stating that the employer will travel together with the visa applicant to the Mainland.[81]

Holders of Macau Resident Identity Cards are automatically eligible for multiple entry visas valid either for 6 months (for non-permanent residents) or 12 months (for permanent residents only).[82]

These visa facilitation decisions are unilateral and do not supersede the visa facilitation agreements signed with other countries, which may offer visas with longer validity or lesser fees based solely on their countries of nationality.

Visa or Taiwan Compatriot Permit on arrival

Visa-on-arrival for emergency purposes

Visitors who would normally require a visa are able to obtain a visa on arrival at the following airports if they satisfy the following requirements:[1][83]

Visas can be issued at the following airports:[1]

For a maximum stay of 1 month

A return ticket is required in addition to all the aforementioned documents if the passenger is arriving at one of the ports of entry listed above.

For a maximum stay of 3 months

No additional restrictions on stay

Nationals of the following countries are only eligible for visa-on-arrival service at Beijing, Shanghai (Pudong and Hongqiao), and Chengdu:

Nationals of the following countries are not eligible for visa-on-arrival service at Fuzhou or Xiamen:

Holders of passports issued by  United Kingdom (except British Nationals (Overseas) passports) are required to hold an invitation issued by the Chinese authorities unless they are arriving at Beijing, Shanghai or Chengdu.

Holders of the following documents are not eligible for this service:

Taiwan Compatriot Permit on arrival

Holders of passports issued by  Taiwan can obtain a single-entry Taiwan Compatriot Permit on arrival at some airports with Taiwan passport (with validity of more than 3 months), Taiwanese National ID card, return ticket and 2 passport-sized photos, with a fee of CNY 150. Some airports may require additional documents, such as an invitation letter. Eligible airports are: Beijing, Changchun, Changsha, Chengdu, Chongqing, Dalian, Fuzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Haikou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Hefei, Jinan, Kunming, Nanchang, Nanjing, Nanning, Ningbo, Qingdao, Quanzhou, Sanya, Shanghai, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Wuxi, Xiamen, Xi'an, Xuzhou, Yancheng, Yantai and Zhengzhou.[85] The single-entry permit is valid for a maximum stay of 3 months.

This service is not applicable to holders of valid, long-term permits. They must instead carry the long-term permit or will be refused entry for not doing so. In addition, immigration authorities at the arrival airport have the power to deny the issuance of the permit to any person not meeting the specific requirements set forth by the airport, and the person will also be removed from Mainland China.[85]

Visa facilitation agreements

China has concluded visa facilitation agreements on a reciprocal basis with the following countries:

Overview

Nationality Validity of visa Types of visas affected Application fee (for regular processing only) Effective date
 Canada Up to 9 years and 11 months L, M, Q2, S2 C$100 9 Mar 2015
 Chile Unchanged F, L, M, Q2 Gratis 1 Jul 2015
 Israel Up to 10 years L, M, Q2, S2 ₪100 11 Nov 2016
 Russia Unchanged All types US$50 (single-entry)
US$100 (double-entry)
US$150 (multiple-entry)		 26 Apr 2014
 United Kingdom 2 years
5 or 10 years (for eligible persons)		 L, M, Q2, S2 £85 11 Jan 2016
 United States 10 years L, M, Q2, S2 US$140 11 Nov 2014
5 years X1

Argentina

An agreement, signed by Argentine and Chinese governments and went into effect on 22 June 2015, claimed to have "facilitates application procedures" for Argentine citizens applying for Chinese visas, In reality, the procedures, processing times and validity have remain unchanged for Argentine, since the agreement in fact only facilitated the lengthy visa application procedures for Chinese nationals.[86]

Bolivia

A similar agreement, which have been signed and ratified by Chinese and Bolivian governments in March 2014, also only facilitates the visa application procedures for Chinese nationals. The validity, processing times and required documentations for Bolivian nationals are unchanged. Applicants who were born in the Greater China Area or who are family members of Chinese nationals can obtain multiple-entry visas with validity of 12 or 24 months.[87][88]

Canada

Starting from March 2015, China announced that multiple-entry L, M, Q2, and S2 visas with the validity for up to nine years and 11 months (not exceeding the life of the passport) would be issued to citizens of  Canada.[89] The duration of stay is 60 days per entry for L and M visas, 90 days for S2 visas, and 120 days for Q2 visas. Visa applicants who are of Chinese descent can enjoy a 180-day duration of stay when applying for Q2 visas. The application fee is C$100, and, since applying through a Visa Center is mandatory when in Canada, an "application service fee" is also charged with each application.[90][91]

Chile

Arrangements were made between Chinese and Chilean governments regarding visa fees. Starting from July 2015, Citizens of  Chile can have their visa fees waived when applying for F, L, M, and Q2 visas.[92]

Israel

China and Israel's visa facilitation agreement, signed on 29 March 2016, provide citizens of  Israel access to 10-year L, M, Q2 and S2 visas (validity of the visa not exceeding life of the passport).[93][94] The duration of stay is 90 days per entry for L and M visas, and 180 days for Q2 and S2 visas. The cost for a visa is ₪100 for normal processing (4 working days) and ₪200 for one-day processing.[95] The agreement went into force on 11 November 2016.[96] The long-term visa is only available to holders of national Israeli passport and not holders of Teudat Ma'avar.[97]

Russia

China and Russia signed the agreement on simplification of visa procedures on 22 March 2013 and the agreement went into effect on 26 April 2014. The agreement stipulates the conditions of issuing multiple-entry visas to citizens of  Russia who are of certain occupations and regulated visa fees. Single-entry visas are US$50, while double-entry and multiple-entry visas are capped at US$100 and US$150.[33][98] The agreement also stated that visa fees are to be paid in the national currencies of both countries, and due to the devaluation of the Russian ruble in 2014 and 2015, Chinese missions in Russia increased the visa fees in ruble by 120 percent on 8th July 2016 in order to reflect the most recent conversion rate to U.S. dollar.[99]

United Kingdom

In January 2016, Chinese authorities announced that 2-year, multiple-entry L, M, Q2, S2 visas are to be issued to citizens and nationals of  United Kingdom, and the application fee is £85. In addition, Chinese foreign missions can issue visas with 5 or 10 years of validity for "eligible" British citizens and nationals.[100] Like Canada, all visa applicants must use the service provided by the Visa Center when applying in the UK which will charge extra fees for handling applications.[101]

United States

Since November 2014, China agreed to issue L Tourist visas, M Business visas, Q2 Family Visit visas, and S2 Short-term Private Visit visas to citizens of  United States with a validity for a maximum of 10 years; while validity of X1 Long-term Study visa is elongated to five years. The duration of stay is 60 days per entry for L and M visas, 90 days for S2 visas, and 120 days for Q2 visas. Visa applicants can enjoy a 180-day duration of stay when applying for Q2 visas if they have "special needs". The application fee for a Chinese visa is US$140 for regular processing (4 business days) and US$160 for expedited processing (2-3 business days), while 1-business-day rush processing is US$170 and only at the discretion of the consulate or embassy.[102][103] Rush and expedited services are not provided by the Los Angeles consulate.[104]

Overview of Chinese visas

Old version of a Chinese visa (still issued by Chinese authorities within China)
Old version of a Chinese group visa

Visa application procedures

Type L 60-day visa affixed to a visa page in a U.S. passport (issued in Los Angeles)

Nationals who are not from visa exempted countries are required to apply for a Chinese visa prior to entry into China. When applying for a visa, the applicant can choose to apply either through a travel agency or directly to the Chinese diplomatic missions.

In the latter case, the local diplomatic mission may outsource the handling of applications to a Chinese Visa Application Service Center (Visa Center), or a Chinese Visa Application Service Facility (CVASF). The Visa Center is "a commercial service organization registered in accordance with local laws and regulations and recognized by a Chinese Embassy or Consulate-General to handle the daily routine work of processing ordinary visa applications".[105] The CVASF is similar organization but is run exclusively by VFS Global.[106] Visa applicants, whose resident countries host Visa Centers or CVASFs, are required to submit their applications to these organizations instead of the Chinese embassies or consulates. Applicants are also required to pay service fees when applying through the Visa Centers or CVASFs on top of the visa application fees.

The most recent visa application form, form V.2013, is in use since 1 September 2013. The form can be retrieved through the website of any Chinese diplomatic mission, Visa Center or CVASF. Only forms filled out with a computer are accepted, and older versions, as well as handwritten application forms, are no longer acceptable. Visa applicants also need to physically sign the declaration box of the form.[107]

As of April 2016, the following 19 countries host Visa Centers:[108]

In addition, CVASFs are available in the following countries:[109]

In countries without Visa Centres or CVASFs, visa application requires submitting the passport and required documents directly to the embassy or consulate.

Nationals of the following countries must hold a visa issued in their home country. If visa is issued in a third country, a residence visa or working permit from that country is also required.[1]

1 - for holders of normal passports only.

Letter of Invitation

The Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of the Entry and Exit of Foreigners, which went into effect on 1 September 2013, mandates some basic documentations for securing a Chinese visa.[110] The most notable change is the requirement of a Letter of Invitation (LOI) when applying for most types of visa, which can only be issued by a resident of Mainland China or a company based in Mainland China. The only exceptions to this rule are for type G (transit) and L (tourism) applicants, who can either obtain a LOI, or produce their paid round-trip tickets plus the hotel reservations for the duration of their stay in Mainland China.[111]

Former and current nationals of People's Republic of China and their descendants

Former nationals of China who have Mainland residency and who have lost their Chinese nationality are also required to produce their Chinese passports for cancellation when applying for their first Chinese visa. The cancelled passports will be returned to the applicants along with the new Chinese visa, demonstrating their loss of Chinese nationality.[111] The requirement, however, does not apply to Hong Kong and Macau permanent residents as their Chinese nationality is determined by their respective governments.[112]

In some cases, a person who has or may have Chinese nationality may encounter difficulties to obtain a Chinese visa unless he or she has renounced Chinese nationality with the appropriate authorities. Numerous reports arose in June 2016 that some Canadian citizens of Chinese descent who were either born in Hong Kong or born in Canada to Hong Kong permanent resident parents of Chinese descent were refused Chinese visas. Instead, the Visa Centers directed them to the Chinese consulate who then instructed them to apply for Chinese Travel Documents on the ground that they still have Chinese nationality. The Chinese consulate in Toronto clarified that the criteria of issuing Chinese visas to "Hong Kong residents" has not been changed. Meanwhile, an official of the Vancouver consulate acknowledged the policy and said it has been in force since 1996.[113]

Types of Chinese Visas

There are four main types of Chinese visa: diplomatic visa, courtesy visa, service visa and ordinary visa. Ordinary visas are further divided into 12 sub-types or 16 categories.[114] The sub-type codes of ordinary visas derive from the first letter of the names in Pinyin.[111][115]

Code Type Note
C Crew Visa
(乘务签证) 		Issued to foreign crew members of means of international transportation, including aircraft, trains and ships, or motor vehicle drivers engaged in cross-border transport activities, or to the accompanying family members[Note 1] of the crew members of the above-mentioned ships.
D Permanent Residence Visa
(定居签证) 		Issued to those who intend to reside in China permanently. Chinese government has started to implement new permanent residence policy for foreigners to attract and introduce technical talents and experts since August 2014.[116]
F Visit Visa
(访问签证) 		Issued to those who intend to go to China for exchanges, visits, study tours and other activities.
G Transit Visa
(过境签证) 		Issued to those who intend to transit through China.
J1 Long-term Journalist Visa
(常驻记者签证) 		Issued to resident foreign journalists of foreign news organizations stationed in China. The intended duration of stay in China exceeds 180 days.
J2 Short-term Journalist Visa
(临时记者签证) 		Issued to foreign journalists who intend to go to China for short-term news coverage. The intended duration of stay in China is no more than 180 days.
L Tourist Visa
(旅游签证) 		Issued to those who intend to go to China as a tourist.
M Business Visa
(商贸签证) 		Issued to those who intend to go to China for commercial and trade activities.
Q1 Family Reunion Visa
(家庭团聚签证) 		Issued to those who are family members[Note 1] of Chinese citizens or of foreigners with Chinese permanent residence and intend to go to China for family reunion, or to those who intend to go to China for the purpose of foster care. The intended duration of stay in China exceeds 180 days.
Q2 Family Visit Visa
(探亲签证) 		Issued to those who intend to visit their relatives who are Chinese citizens residing in China or foreigners with permanent residence in China. The intended duration of stay in China is no more than 180 days.
R Talent Visa
(人才签证) 		Issued to those who are high-level talents or whose skills are urgently needed in China.
S1 Long-term Private Visit Visa
(长期私人事务签证) 		Issued to those who intend to go to China to visit the foreigners working or studying in China to whom they are spouses, parents, sons or daughters under the age of 18 or parents-in-law, or to those who intend to go to China for other private affairs. The intended duration of stay in China exceeds 180 days.
S2 Short-term Private Visit Visa
(短期私人事务签证) 		Issued to those who intend to visit their family members[Note 1] who are foreigners working or studying in China, or to those who intend to go to China for other private matters. The intended duration of stay in China is no more than 180 days.
X1 Long-term Study Visa
(长期学习签证) 		Issued to those who intend to study in China for a period of more than 180 days.
X2 Short-term Study Visa
(短期学习签证) 		Issued to those who intend to study in China for a period of no more than 180 days.
Z Working Visa
(工作签证) 		Issued to those who intend to work in China.

Validity, number of entries and duration of each stay of Chinese visas

Holders of D, Q1, J1, S1, X1 and Z visas must apply for a residence permit at the local PSB within 30 days of entry into China, unless the "Duration of Each Stay" on the visa is marked as 30 days. Members of foreign diplomatic or consular missions in China must also apply for a residence permit at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) or local Foreign Affairs Offices (FSOs) within 30 days of entry into China.[114]

Penalty for illegal stay

A non-Chinese or Taiwanese national whose period of stay in China exceeds the duration specified in his or her visa, stay permit or residence permit without applying for an extension, or who is found to be outside the area of approved stay, is said to be an illegal resident and is subject to fines and other penalties for violation of the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of the Entry and Exit of Foreigners.[117] If a non-Chinese national needs to stay in China longer than the duration of stay allowed on the visa, he or she is required to submit an extension to the EEA of the municipality before his or her duration of stay expires. Approval of an extension of stay may not be granted, in which case the traveler must depart China immediately. Chinese diplomatic missions are not authorized to extend a visa.[114]

Illegal residents who need to depart China after they have overstayed their visas may be given either a warning, a fine of CNY 500 per day of illegal residence in China, up to a maximum of CNY 10,000, or administrative detention between five and fifteen days, depending on the severity of the situation.[118]

ROC nationals with household registration in Taiwan are applied a separate ordinance known as Measures for the Control of Chinese Citizens Travelling to or from the Region of Taiwan. The term of "illegal resident" is also used, however a ROC national is only considered as an illegal resident when his or her Taiwan Compatriot Permit expires and he or she have not applied for renewal before the document's expiration date. The penalty for illegal residence is a warning and CNY 100 per day of illegal stay.[119]

Region-specific visa restrictions

Tibet Autonomous Region

Tibet Travel Permit for foreigners

Non-Chinese passport holders entering Tibet must obtain a Tibet Travel Permit (TTP) prior to departure, issued by the Tibet Tourism Bureau.[120] Although any travel between Tibet and other parts of Mainland China is considered domestic travel with no immigration checks, the TTP will be checked for all non-Chinese passport holders when going on board any buses, trains or airlines that are bounded for the TAR.

The only way to obtain a TTP is to arrange a tour operated by a Tibet-based travel agent which at least includes hotels and transportation. Visitors are also not permitted to travel by public buses across Tibet and are only allowed to travel by private transportation as organised in the tour. Moreover, if entering Tibet from Nepal, one must also join a group tour and be only allowed on a group visa. The TTP has to be handed in to the tour guide upon arrival at the airport or train station, and the tour guide will keep the permit until the traveler leaves the TAR.[121] The processing time of a TTP is at least 15 days.[122]

Moreover, the TTP only covers travel to Lhasa and Nagqu, and visitors who wish to visit other areas in Tibet must also apply for an Alien's Travel Permit (ATP) issued by the Foreign Affairs Section of the Lhasa PSB. The cost for the ATP is CNY 50 per person. Holders of the ATP are authorized to travel to the following restricted areas of Tibet:[121]

The TTP is also required by nationals of Republic of China (Taiwan) holding a Taiwan Compatriot Permit or a Chinese Travel Document, but it is not required for Chinese nationals residing in Hong Kong or Macau with a Home Return Permit, or any person with a Chinese Resident Identity Card.[123] Foreign diplomats and journalists are prohibited to travel to Tibet without the permission of the Chinese government and, if approved, can only join tours that are accompanied and organized by Chinese government officials.[124] In practice, journalists are escorted by MFA and MPS officials for the entire duration of their visit and their movements are heavily limited in order to prevent them from communicating with the Tibetans.[125]

In March 2016, the government of TAR announced intentions of reform, which include the streamlining of TTP and ATP application procedures and shortening processing time of the permits. There is no timeline of implementation of these measures as officials claimed that they were "still being studied".[122]

Visitor statistics

Most visitors arriving in China were from the following areas of residence or countries of nationality:[126][127]

See also

Notes and References

Notes:

  1. 1 2 3 "Family members" refers to spouses, parents, sons, daughters, spouses of sons or daughters, brothers, sisters, grandparents, grandsons, granddaughters and parents-in-law.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 "Visa Information - China". Timatic. IATA. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
  2. ↑ Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of the Entry and Exit of Foreigners
  3. ↑ Exit and Entry Administration Law of PRC, article 15.
  4. ↑ No visa, no entry, what is a Chinese passport worth?
  5. ↑ 境外人员临时住宿登记
  6. ↑ 中华人民共和国政府和圣马力诺共和国政府关于互免签证的协定
  7. ↑ 中华人民共和国和外交部. "中国和巴哈马关于互免签证的协定将于2014年2月12日生效". 中国领事服务网. Retrieved 2014-03-29.
  8. ↑ 关于中国政府和厄瓜多尔政府互免签证协定生效的通知
  9. ↑ 京华时报. "中斐互免签证今日生效 持护照入境可停留30日". 网易新闻. Retrieved 2015-03-13.
  10. ↑ Visa-free travel to Europe, China for Grenadians
  11. ↑ 中华人民共和国和外交部. "中国政府和毛里求斯政府关于互免签证的协定即将生效". 中国领事服务网. Retrieved 2014-03-29.
  12. ↑ 中华人民共和国和外交部. "中国政府和塞舌尔政府关于互免签证的协定即将生效". 中国领事服务网. Retrieved 2014-03-29.
  13. ↑ 中国政府和汤加政府关于互免持普通护照人员签证的协定将于2016年8月19日生效
  14. 1 2 中华人民共和国外交部. "持普通护照短期来华的新加坡公民、文莱公民自二00三年七月一日起实行免办签证待遇". 中国领事服务网. Retrieved 2014-03-29.
  15. ↑ "关于对短期来华日本公民实行免签的通知". 中国驻福冈总领事馆. Retrieved 2014-03-29.
  16. ↑ 中华人民共和国和外交部. "自2008年7月1日起新加坡公民来华需事先办妥签证". 中国领事服务网. Retrieved 2014-03-29.
  17. ↑ 中华人民共和国和外交部. "自2008年9月19日起恢复对持普通护照新加坡公民短期来华免签安排". 中国领事服务网. Retrieved 2014-03-29.
  18. ↑ Eng, Dennis (22 September 2008). "Mainland visa restrictions on foreigners in HK to be lifted". South China Morning Post.
  19. ↑ Minister Dacic signs an agreement on mutual abolition of visas with China
  20. ↑ "塞尔维亚和中国已就自2017年1月1日起实施免签制度达成协议". Sputink Chinese.
  21. ↑ https://russian.rt.com/world/news/330741-serbiya-kitai-rezhim
  22. ↑ "List of Mutual Visa-free Agreements between China and Foreign Countries" (PDF). 2016-08-24. Retrieved 2016-09-23.
  23. ↑ ABTC Summary
  24. ↑ https://www.timaticweb.com/cgi-bin/tim_website_client.cgi?SpecData=1&VISA=&page=visa&NA=HK&AR=00&PASSTYPES=PASS&DE=CN&user=KLMB2C&subuser=KLMB2C
  25. 1 2 https://www.timaticweb.com/cgi-bin/tim_website_client.cgi?SpecData=1&VISA=&page=visa&NA=TW&AR=00&PASSTYPES=PASS&DE=CN&user=KLMB2C&subuser=KLMB2C
  26. 1 2
  27. ↑ 香港居民申領《港澳居民來往內地通行證》須知
  28. ↑ 就業手續和稅務須知
  29. ↑ 回鄉卡過期 520元申「臨通」半天取證
  30. ↑ 香港居民申領《中華人民共和國出入境通行證》須知
  31. ↑ 上海市台湾同胞投资权益保护规定
  32. ↑ 外国人工作签证的申办流程
  33. 1 2 Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the government of the People's Republic of China on simplification of trips of citizens (in Russian)
  34. ↑ "Information about Visas not required". fmprc.gov.cn. Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Indonesia. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
  35. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Ministry of Public Security. "上海、江苏、浙江三省市实行部分国家外国人144小时过境免签政策及常遇边检问题解答".
  36. ↑ China's Yangtze River Delta Now Offers 144-hour Visa-free Entry
  37. ↑ 上海啟用過境免簽貼紙式臨時入境許可
  38. ↑ 关于将塞尔维亚等6国列入72小时过境免签政策国家名单的通知
  39. ↑
  40. ↑ Answers to Frequently Asked Questions Concerning 72-hour Transit Visa Exemption for Foreign Nationals Measure at Airports of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Chengdu
  41. 1 2 3 4 深圳市人民政府. "16项出入境新政8月起在深实施".
  42. 1 2 Interpretation of 144-hour Visa-exemption Transit Policy
  43. ↑ 上海144小时免签过境政策实施半年旅客增幅超六成
  44. 1 2 Press Release on 26 Oct 2016
  45. 1 2 3 4 5 中华人民共和国公安部出入境管理局. "北京、上海、广州、成都机场实行外国人72小时过境免签政策及常遇问题解答".
  46. ↑ Changsha to offer 72-hour visa-free entry
  47. ↑ 2016，长沙航空口岸对51国开放72小时过境免签
  48. 1 2 3 中华人民共和国公安部出入境管理局. "重庆、沈阳、大连机场实施外国人72小时过境免签政策".
  49. ↑ 桂林生活网. "桂林72小时过境免签7月28日起实施 边检做详细说明".
  50. ↑ 新华网. "杭州：航空口岸72小时过境免签".
  51. ↑ Harbin offers 72-hour visa-free entry
  52. ↑ "Harbin Will Offer Transit without Visa 72 Hours for Foreign Visitors".
  53. ↑ 云南网. "72小时过境免签政策　方便国外旅客游昆明". 新华网云南频道.
  54. ↑ "Nanjing now Offering Transit without Visa 72 Hours for Foreign Visitors".
  55. ↑ iQTV-Qingdao News. "青岛国际机场口岸对51个国家的公民实施72小时过境免签政策".
  56. ↑ 北方网. "6月8日起天津将实施外国人72小时过境免签政策".
  57. ↑ 中国民用航空中南地区管理局. "武汉天河机场口岸即将实施72小时过境免签". 中国民用航空中南地区管理局.
  58. ↑ 西安市外事侨务办公室. "西安实行"72小时过境免签"".
  59. ↑ 厦门网. "51个国家的外国人过境厦门 即可免签停留72小时".
  60. ↑ 昆明72小时过境免签遇“囧” 近两年仅133人办理
  61. ↑ 过境免签，咋就热不起来
  62. ↑ 144小时过境免签政策带旺入境旅游 美国游客最多
  63. ↑ "北京、上海、广州机场实行外国人72小时过境免签政策及常遇问题解答". Bureau of Exit and Entry Administration of the Ministry of Public Security. 2013-08-07. Retrieved 2013-08-29.
  64. ↑ Interpretation of 15-Day Visa-Exemption Policy for Foreign Tour Groups Entering Shanghai by Cruise
  65. ↑ "Visa-free Entry into Mainland China". Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Australia.
  66. ↑ 疑防IS潜入．暂停便利签证．拒马泰印访港旅客入中
  67. ↑ 蘇錦樑：內地停發便利簽證因系統升級
  68. ↑ 桂林：东盟10国旅游团可享6天入境免签
  69. ↑ 中华人民共和国各种入境签证
  70. ↑ 签证
  71. ↑ 外国人入出境管理
  72. ↑ 深圳口岸（落地）签证须知
  73. ↑ 珠海横琴出入境办事处启动办理外国人口岸签证
  74. ↑ "Shenzhen Visa". About.com.
  75. ↑ Visa on Arrival (Issued at Entry Ports)
  76. ↑ "常见问题". 海南旅游咨询网.
  77. ↑ Where Amur connects Russia and China
  78. ↑ 新华网. "Sino-Russian border city to offer visa-free stays".
  79. ↑ 3-day visa-free stay for Kazakhstanis in Chinese Tacheng
  80. ↑ Kazakhstan citizens enjoy 72-hour visa-free services at Jeminay Port
  81. 1 2 China Visa
  82. ↑ China Visa 代辦簽證
  83. ↑ Can foreign citizens apply for visas on arrival?
  84. ↑ "武汉航空口岸取得落地签证权". Retrieved 2011-12-08.
  85. 1 2 台胞證落地申辦及加簽規定
  86. ↑ 关于转发中阿便利双方旅游人员签证协定的通知
  87. ↑ 申请旅游签证（L）须知
  88. ↑ 中玻两国政府关于发放有关签证的协议正式生效
  89. ↑ China agrees to provide 10-year visas to Canadians
  90. ↑ 关于中国-加拿大十年多次签证的互惠安排
  91. ↑ Schedule of fees
  92. ↑ 中国和智利便利人员往来互惠安排即将生效
  93. ↑ 中国以色列互发10年签证，为什么说它独一无二
  94. ↑ Israel and China to sign 10-year multiple entry visa deal
  95. ↑ Visa Fees and Payment
  96. ↑ Simplified visa program with China to begin in November
  97. ↑ Notice on Issuing Visas with a Validity Period of up to 10 Years to Israeli National Passport Holder Applicants
  98. ↑ 中国政府和俄罗斯政府便利公民往来协议生效
  99. ↑ Виза в соседний Китай для приморцев подорожает на 120%
  100. ↑ Chinese Embassy and Consulates in the UK to Issue Two-year Multi-entry Visas to British Nationals
  101. ↑ Schedule of Fees (Sterling)
  102. ↑ Fees, Processing Time & Payments
  103. ↑ 中国实施对美新签证措施 4类签证可获10年有效期
  104. ↑ Visa to China (updated)
  105. ↑ About the Visa Center
  106. ↑ Apply for VISA to China In Kenya
  107. ↑ 新版签证申请表（V.2013）
  108. ↑ Visa Centres
  109. ↑ VFS Global
  110. ↑ Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of the Entry and Exit of Foreigners
  111. 1 2 3 About Chinese Visa
  112. ↑ Tse v. HKSAR Passport Appeal Board
  113. ↑ 回應港移民華簽證 中國否認政策收緊
  114. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "About Chinese Visa". Chinese Embassy in the USA.
  115. ↑ "About Chinese Visa". Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
  116. ↑ 中国新闻网. "中国正式发布实施"绿卡"制度 以吸纳外籍人才". 新浪新闻.
  117. ↑ Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of the Entry and Exit of Foreigners
  118. ↑ Exit and Entry Administration Law of PRC, article 78.
  119. ↑ Measures for the Control of Chinese Citizens Travelling to or from the Region of Taiwan, article 35.
  120. ↑ Tibet Travel Permit
  121. 1 2 Tibet Travel Permit FAQs
  122. 1 2 Tibet hoping to become a top global destination
  123. ↑ Tibet Tourism Bureau Permit
  124. ↑ 关于入藏证
  125. ↑ Tibet is harder to visit than North Korea. But I got in and streamed live on Facebook
  126. ↑
  127. ↑ 2015年1－12月来华旅游入境人数（按入境方式分）

External links

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