Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone
| Stratigraphy of the Karoo Supergroup in the Karoo Basin | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period | Group | Formation west of 24°E | Formation east of 24°E | Assemblage Zone |
| Jurassic | Drakensberg | Hiatus | Drakensberg | |
| Stormberg | Clarens | |||
| Triassic | Elliot | |||
| Molteno | ||||
| Beaufort | ||||
| Burgersdorp | Cynognathus | |||
| Katberg | Lystrosaurus | |||
| Balfour | ||||
| Permian | Dicynodon | |||
| Teekloof | ||||
| Cistecephalus | ||||
| Middleton | ||||
| Tropidostoma | ||||
| Pristerognathus | ||||
| Abrahams-Kraal | Koonap | |||
| Tapinocephalus | ||||
| Eodicynodon | ||||
| Ecca | Waterford | Waterford | ||
| Tierberg / Fort Brown | Fort Brown | |||
| Laingsburg / Ripon | Ripon | |||
| Collingham | Collingham | |||
| White Hill | White Hill | |||
| Prince Albert | Prince Albert | |||
| Carboniferous | Dwyka | Elandsvlei | Elandsvlei | |
The Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone is a geological stratum and is the thickest faunal zone of the Beaufort Group, South Africa, in which has been found a rich variety of early therapsids. The name refers to Tapinocephalus, a genus of large herbivorous dinocephalian therapsids that lived during the Middle Permian Period.
Paleobiota
Synapsids
†Anomodonts
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anomocephalus | A. africanus | A basal Anomodont | ||||
†Biarmosuchians
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bullacephalus | B. jacksoni | A Burnetiid Biarmosuchian | ||||
| Hipposaurus | H. boonstrai | A Hipposaurid Biarmosuchian | ||||
| Pachydectes | P. elsi | A Burnetiid Biarmosuchian | ||||
†Dinocephalians
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Jr. synonym of Moschops |
||||||
| Anteosaurus | A. magnificus | An Anteosaurid Dinocephalian | ||||
|
Jr. synonym of Moschops |
||||||
| Criocephalosaurus | C. vanderbyli | A Tapinocephalid Dinocephalian | ||||
|
Jr. synonym of Moschops |
||||||
| Jonkeria | J. truculenta
J. boonstrai J. haughtoni J. ingens J. koupensis J. parva J. rossouwi J. vanderbyli |
A Titanosuchid Dinocephalian | ||||
| Keratocephalus | K. moloch | A Tapinocephalid Dinocephalian | ||||
|
Jr. synonym of Keratocephalus |
| |||||
|
Jr. synonym of Moschops |
||||||
|
Jr. synonym of Moschops |
||||||
| Moschops | M. capensis
M. koupensis M. oweni? M. whaitsi? |
A Tapinocephalid Dinocephalian | ||||
|
Jr. synonym of Struthiocephalus |
||||||
|
Jr. synonym of Keratocephalus |
||||||
|
Jr. synonym of Tapinocephalus |
||||||
|
Jr. synonym of Moschops |
||||||
| Riebeeckosaurus | R. longirostris | A Tapinocephalid Dinocephalian | ||||
|
Jr. synonym of Struthiocephalus |
||||||
|
Jr. synonym of Struthiocephalus |
||||||
| Struthiocephalus | S. whaitsi | A Tapinocephalid Dinocephalian | ||||
|
Jr. synonym of Struthiocephalus |
||||||
| Styracocephalus | S. platyrhynchus | A Styracocephalid Dinocephalian | ||||
|
Jr. synonym of Struthiocephalus |
| |||||
|
Jr. synonym of Tapinocephalus |
||||||
| Tapinocephalus | T. atherstonei | A Tapinocephalid Dinocephalian | ||||
| Titanosuchus | T. ferox | A Titanosuchid Dinocephalian | ||||
†Gorgonopsians
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eoarctops | E. vanderbyli | A basal Gorgonopsid | ||||
| Galesuchus | G. gracilis | A basal Gorgonopsid | ||||
Sauropsids
†Millerosaurs
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eunotosaurus | E. africanus | An Eunotosaurid Millerosaur | ||||
Procolophonomorphs
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bradysaurus | B. baini
B. seeleyi |
A basal Pareiasaur | ||||
| Embrithosaurus | E. alexanderi
E. schwarzi E. strubeni |
A basal Pareiasaur | ||||
|
N. angustus |
Jr. synonym of Embrithosaurus angustus |
|||||
References
- ↑ Rubidge, B.S. (2005). "Re-uniting lost continents – Fossil reptiles from the ancient Karoo and their wanderlust". South African Journal of Geology. 108 (1): 135–172. doi:10.2113/108.1.135.
- ↑ Selden, P.; and Nudds, J. (2011). "Karoo". Evolution of Fossil Ecosystems (2 ed.). Manson Publishing. pp. 104–122. ISBN 9781840761603.
External links
- South Africa at Palaeocritti
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