Taoyuan International Airport

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport
臺灣桃園國際機場
桃園機場
Táiwān Táoyuán Gúojì Jīchǎng
Táoyuán Jīchǎng
IATA: TPE – ICAO: RCTP
Summary
Airport type Public
Owner Government of the Republic of China
Operator Taoyuan International Airport Corporation
Serves Northern Taiwan (Taipei)
Location Dayuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
Hub for
Focus city for
Elevation AMSL 33 m / 108 ft
Coordinates 25°4′35″N 121°13′26″E / 25.07639°N 121.22389°E / 25.07639; 121.22389Coordinates: 25°4′35″N 121°13′26″E / 25.07639°N 121.22389°E / 25.07639; 121.22389
Website www.taoyuan-airport.com
Map
TPE

Location in Taiwan

Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
05L/23R[1] 3,660 12,008 Asphalt concrete
05R/23L 3,800 12,467 Asphalt concrete
Statistics (2015)
Number of passengers Increase 38,473,333
Aircraft Movement Increase 221,191
Airfreight Movements (kg) Decrease 2,021,865,100
Sources: Civil Aeronautics Administration, Ministry of Transportation and Communications [2]
Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport
Traditional Chinese 臺灣桃園國際機場 or 臺灣桃園國際機場
Simplified Chinese 台湾桃园国际机场
Chiang Kai-shek International Airport
Traditional Chinese 中正國際機場
Simplified Chinese 中正国际机场

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport (IATA: TPE, ICAO: RCTP) is an international airport serving the capital city of Taipei, Taiwan, and the northern parts of the island. Located about 40 km west of Taipei in Dayuan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, the airport is Taiwan's largest airport. It is one of five Taiwanese airports with regular international flights, and is by far the busiest international air entry point amongst them.[3] It is the main international hub for China Airlines and EVA Air.

The airport opened for commercial operations in 1979 and is an important regional trans-shipment center, passenger hub, and gateway for destinations in Asia. The airport was formerly known as Chiang Kai-shek International Airport (CKS International Airport) until the name was changed on 6 September 2006 to its current name.[4]

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport is one of two airports that serves Taipei and northern Taiwan; the other, Taipei Songshan Airport, is located within Taipei City limits and served Taipei as its international airport until 1979.[5] Songshan now mainly serves chartered flights, most of which are to and from China (see cross-strait charter), domestic flights, and some international flights to various locations in China (particularly Shanghai Hongqiao), Seoul, Korea, and Tokyo, Japan.

In 2015, Taiwan Taoyuan handled a total of 38,473,333 passengers and 2,021,865,100 kg of freight.[2] The airport was the 11th busiest airport worldwide in terms of international passenger numbers, and 6th busiest in terms of international freight traffic.[6]

Origin of the name

The airport, originally planned as Taoyuan International Airport, bore the name of late President Chiang Kai-shek until 2006.[4] In Chinese, its former name was literally "Chung-Cheng (Zhongzheng) International Airport", where Chung-Cheng is the legal given name that Chiang Kai-shek had used since the 1910s.[7] In Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek is associated with the Chinese Nationalist Party or Kuomintang and its many years of one-party authoritarian rule.[8] Local officials in Taoyuan City and members of the Pan-Green Coalition often referred to the hub by the name originally associated with it: "Taoyuan International Airport".[9] News organizations and local residents sometimes combined the two commonly used names as "Taoyuan Chung-Cheng Airport."[9][10]

The Executive Yuan of then-President Chen Shui-bian's administration officially approved the name Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport for the hub on September 6, 2006.[11][12][13][14] The opposition Kuomintang, which together with its political allies held a one-vote majority in the Legislative Yuan, decried the change and proposed "Taiwan Taoyuan Chiang Kai-shek International Airport" instead.[15] The disagreement, like those affecting the names of the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall and other Taiwan landmarks, stands as another manifestation of the trend known as Taiwan localization among pan-Green officials and desinicization by Pan-Blue Coalition.[8] The media in mainland China has always referred to the airport as "Taoyuan International Airport" so as to avoid mentioning Chiang Kai-shek. Despite the name change, the airport is still known as Chiang Kai-Shek (CKS) International Airport in all official records of IATA.

History

In the 1970s, the original airport in Taipei City — Taipei Songshan Airport — had become overcrowded and could not be expanded due to space limitations. Thus, a new airport was planned to alleviate congestion.[5] The new airport opened (with Terminal 1) on February 26, 1979,[4] as part of the Ten Major Construction Projects pursued by the government in the 1970s. The airport was originally planned under the name Taoyuan International Airport but was later changed to Chiang Kai-shek International Airport in memory of former President Chiang Kai-shek.[8]

The airport is the main hub of China Airlines, the ROC's flag carrier, as well as EVA Air, a private airline established in 1989. Overcrowding of the airport in recent years prompted the construction of Terminal 2, which was opened on July 29, 2000,[4] with half of its gates operational; EVA Air was the first airline to move into Terminal 2. The remaining gates opened on January 21, 2005 for China Airlines. (Making China Airlines the only airline to operate from both terminals.)[16]

The airport has announced construction plans for Terminals 3 and 4. In October 2015, the design of British firm Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, founded by Pritzker Architecture Prize-laureate Richard Rogers, was chosen for the 640,000 square meter Terminal 3. Over 2.3 billion US Dollars will be poured into the project, among the most costly constructions in modern Taiwanese history. The terminal is expected to be opened in 2020 and accommodate 45 million passengers per year, boosting the yearly capacity of the airport to 86 million passengers.[17]

Terminals

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport currently has two terminals, which are connected by two, short people movers.[18] The third and fourth terminals are planned, and a rapid transit system currently under construction will link the terminals together underground.[19][20]

Morning rush hour at TPE

Terminal 1

Terminal 1 is the original passenger terminal of the Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport. The building was designed by Taiwanese structural engineer Tung-Yen Lin and is based on the main terminal of Washington Dulles International Airport.[21][22] The five-story, 169,500-m2 terminal, along with the airport, opened in 1979 to relieve the overcrowded Taipei Songshan Airport.[23] All international flights were moved to the airport following the completion of this terminal. Terminal 1 featured 22 gates. A row of 11 gates are located on the north end of the airfield facing the north runway and another row of 11 gates are located on the south end airfield facing the south runway. The two concourses that contained the airplane gates are linked together by a main building that contained the check-in areas, baggage claim, passport immigration areas, and security checkpoint areas. Together they form a giant "H". All gates are equipped with jetways. Gates located at the end of the concourses have one jetlag and also reducing people and gates not located at the end of the concourses have two jetways. The terminal used to be very white in color when it first opened. As the years gradually passed, the façade and color has become more tan and yellow colored due to air pollution in Taipei.

After the completion of Terminal 2, some gates from Terminal 1 were removed to make space for Terminal 2. Currently Terminal 1 has 18 gates.[24] Alphabetical letters were introduced when Terminal 2 was completed. The north concourse is now Concourse A and the south concourse is now Concourse B. Before Terminal 2, gates were numbered from 1 to 22. China Airlines uses Concourse A for the majority of its flights in Terminal 1, while the third largest carrier of the airport, Cathay Pacific, operates most of its flights at Concourse B.

In 2012, the renovation project of the terminal was completed, doubling the floor area, expanding check-in counters, increasing shopping areas and expanding car-parking facilities. Part of the project was the complete redesigning of both the exterior and interior of the terminal.

Terminal 2

Terminal 2 opened in 2000 to reduce congestion in the aging Terminal 1.[25] Only the South Concourse had been completed by the time the terminal opened. The South Concourse alone has 10 gates, each with 2 jetways and their own security checkpoints. The North Concourse opened later in 2005, bringing the total number of gates for Terminal 2 to 20 gates; the security checkpoints were moved to a central location in front of the passport control. The 318,000-m2 facility is capable of handling 17 million passengers per year.[25]

The Southern and Northern Concourses are also known as Concourse C and Concourse D, respectively. Terminals 1 and 2 are connected by two short people mover lines, with one from Concourse A to D, and the other from B to C. China Airlines uses Concourse D for the majority of its flights in Terminal 2 while EVA Air uses Concourse C for most of its operations.

Terminal 2 is also currently undergoing an expansion project that will increase the terminal's annual passenger capacity by 5 million people.

Airlines and destinations

 

Countries served by passenger flights from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport (includes seasonal and future destinations).

Passenger

Air Asia X Airbus A330-300
Air China Airbus A320-200
China Airlines Airbus A330-300 and Boeing 747-400
China Eastern Airlines Airbus A320-200
EVA Air Boeing 777-300ER
JAL Boeing 767-300
Shandong Airlines Boeing 737-800
Singapore Airlines A330-300
AirlinesDestinationsTerminal
AirAsia Kota Kinabalu 1
AirAsia Japan Nagoya-Centrair (resumes 1 February 2017)[26] 1
AirAsia X Kuala Lumpur–International 1
Air Busan Busan 2
Air Canada Vancouver (resumes 8 June 2017)[27] 2
Air China Beijing–Capital, Chengdu, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Shanghai–Pudong, Wenzhou 2
Air Macau Macau 1
All Nippon Airways
operated by Air Japan 		Tokyo–Narita 2
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Incheon 2
Cathay Dragon Hong Kong 1
Cathay Pacific Fukuoka, Hong Kong, Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Seoul–Incheon, Tokyo–Narita 1
Cebu Pacific Cebu, Manila 1
China Airlines Amsterdam, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Busan, Delhi, Denpasar/Bali, Frankfurt, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Kalibo, Kaohsiung, Koror, Kuala Lumpur–International, Manila, Penang, Phnom Penh, Rome–Fiumicino, Seoul–Incheon, Singapore, Surabaya, Vienna, Yangon 1
China Airlines Auckland, Beijing–Capital, Brisbane, Chengdu, Dalian, Fukuoka, Guam, Guangzhou, Haikou, Hefei, Hiroshima, Honolulu, Kagoshima, Los Angeles, Melbourne, Miyazaki, Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, Nanchang, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Qingdao, San Francisco, Sanya, Sapporo–Chitose, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Shizuoka, Sydney, Takamatsu, Tokyo–Narita, Toyama, Ürümqi, Vancouver, Weihai, Wuhan, Wuxi, Xi'an, Xuzhou, Yangzhou,[28] Yantai
Seasonal: Christchurch, Ishigaki 		2
China Eastern Airlines Changzhou, Hefei, Huai'an, Kunming, Lanzhou, Lijiang, Nanchang, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Shanghai–Pudong, Taiyuan, Wuhan, Wuxi, Xi'an, Yinchuan 2
China Southern Airlines Changchun, Changsha, Dalian, Guangzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Harbin, Nanning, Shanghai–Pudong, Shantou, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Yiwu, Zhengzhou 2
Delta Air Lines Tokyo–Narita 2
Eastar Jet Seoul-Incheon[29] 1
Emirates Dubai–International 1
EVA Air Amsterdam, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beijing–Capital, Brisbane, Cebu,[30] Chengdu, Chicago-O'Hare, Denpasar/Bali, Fukuoka, Guam, Guangzhou, Guilin, Hakodate, Hangzhou, Hanoi, Harbin, Ho Chi Minh City, Hohhot, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Huangshan, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Jinan, Komatsu, Kuala Lumpur–International, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Macau, Manila, Naha, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Phnom Penh, San Francisco, Sapporo–Chitose, Seattle/Tacoma, Sendai, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Surabaya, Taiyuan, Tianjin, Tokyo–Narita, Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver, Vienna, Zhengzhou
Seasonal: Asahikawa, Okayama, Takamatsu 		2
Far Eastern Air Transport Da Nang, Harbin, Hefei, Niigata,[31] Shijiazhuang, Yanji, Yinchuan 1
Hainan Airlines Beijing–Capital, Dalian, Guangzhou, Haikou, Lanzhou, Xi'an 2
Hong Kong Airlines Hong Kong 2
Japan Airlines Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita 2
Jeju Air Busan, Seoul-Incheon[32] 1
Jetstar Asia Airways Osaka–Kansai, Singapore 1
Jetstar Japan Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita 1
Jetstar Pacific Airlines Da Nang[33] 1
Jin Air Seoul-Incheon[34] 1
Juneyao Airlines Shanghai–Pudong 1
KLM Amsterdam1 2
Korean Air Busan, Seoul–Incheon 1
Malaysia Airlines Kota Kinabalu, Kuala Lumpur–International 1
Malindo Air Kota Kinabalu (begins 16 January 2017),[35] Kuala Lumpur–International 1
Mandarin Airlines
operated by China Airlines 		Changchun, Changsha, Nanjing, Ningbo, Shenyang, Xiamen, Yancheng, Zhengzhou 2
NokScoot Bangkok-Don Mueang 1
Peach Naha, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Haneda 1
Philippine Airlines Kalibo, Manila, Osaka-Kansai,[36] Puerto Princesa 1
Philippines AirAsia Cebu,[37] Manila[38] 1
Scoot Sapporo–Chitose, Seoul–Incheon, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita 1
Shandong Airlines Jinan, Qingdao, Yantai 2
Shenzhen Airlines Nanchang, Nanning, Nantong, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Wuxi 2
Sichuan Airlines Kunming 1
Singapore Airlines Singapore 2
Spring Airlines Shanghai–Pudong, Shijiazhuang 1
Thai Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Seoul–Incheon 1
Tigerair Singapore 1
Tigerair Taiwan Bangkok–Don Mueang, Busan (begins 19 January 2017),[39] Daegu,[40] Fukuoka,[41] Hakodate,[42] Kota Kinabalu (ends 3 January 2017),[43] Macau, Nagoya–Centrair,[41] Naha, Okayama,[44] Osaka–Kansai, Sendai,[45] Singapore (ends 3 January 2017),[46] Tokyo-Haneda, Tokyo-Narita 1
Turkish Airlines Istanbul–Atatürk 2
T'way Airlines Daegu 1
Uni Air
operated by EVA Air 		Chongqing, Dalian, Fuzhou, Ho Chi Minh City, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Seoul–Incheon, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Xi'an, Xining, Yancheng 2
United Airlines San Francisco 2
Vanilla Air Ho Chi Minh City,[47] Naha,[48] Osaka-Kansai,[49] Tokyo–Narita 1
VietJet Air Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City 1
Vietnam Airlines Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City 1
Xiamen Air Changsha, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Quanzhou, Xiamen 2
Notes

^1 : This flight continues from Taipei to Manila. However, KLM does not have fifth freedom rights to carry revenue traffic solely between TPE and MNL.

Cargo

Emirates SkyCargo Boeing 777F
Nippon Cargo Airlines Boeing 747-400F
AirlinesDestinations
ANA CargoNaha, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita
CargoluxAlmaty, Baku, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beirut, Budapest, Damascus, Ho Chi Minh City, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Milan–Malpensa, Novosibirsk, Seoul–Incheon, Vienna
Cathay Pacific CargoHong Kong, Tokyo–Narita
China Airlines CargoAmsterdam, Anchorage, Atlanta, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Boston, Chicago–O'Hare, Chongqing, Dallas/Fort Worth, Delhi,[50] Dubai-Al Maktoum, Frankfurt, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Kuala Lumpur–International, Los Angeles, Luxembourg, Manila, Miami, Nanjing, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Prague, San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita, Xiamen, Zhengzhou
China Cargo AirlinesShanghai–Pudong, Xiamen
China Postal AirlinesFuzhou
DHL Aviation
operated by Air Hong Kong		Hong Kong
Emirates SkyCargoBangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Dubai–Al Maktoum
EVA Air CargoAnchorage, Atlanta, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Chicago–O'Hare, Chongqing, Dallas/Fort Worth, Hanoi, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Manila, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Seattle/Tacoma, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita
FedEx ExpressAnchorage, Auckland, Clark, Hong Kong, Indianapolis, Memphis, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Singapore, Tokyo–Narita
Hong Kong Airlines CargoHong Kong
MASkargoKuala Lumpur–International, Manila, Kuching
Nippon Cargo AirlinesKitakyushu, Seoul–Incheon, Tokyo–Narita
Polar Air CargoCincinnati, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, Nagoya–Centrair, Seoul–Incheon, Tokyo–Narita
SF AirlinesNingbo, Shenzhen
Thai CargoBangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Tokyo–Narita
UPS AirlinesAnchorage, Clark, Cologne/Bonn, Louisville, Mumbai, Seoul–Incheon
Yangtze River ExpressGuangzhou

Operations

Operations and Statistics[2]
Year Passenger
movements		 Airfreight
movements
(kg)		 Aircraft
movement
2000 18,681,462 1,208,838,480 115,695
2001 18,460,827 1,189,873,251 123,916
2002 19,228,411 1,380,748,058 132,428
2003 15,513,885 1,500,070,877 125,692
2004 20,083,228 1,701,020,413 148,938
2005 21,700,702 1,705,317,637 152,607
2006 22,857,445 1,698,806,562 157,702
2007 23,425,794 1,605,681,101 160,120
2008 21,936,083 1,493,119,963 145,993
2009 21,616,729 1,358,303,714 139,399
2010 25,114,413 1,767,074,774 156,036
2011 24,947,751 1,627,462,362 163,199
2012 27,836,550 1,577,730,181 180,761
2013 30,701,987 1,571,814,300 194,239
2014 35,804,465 2,088,726,700 208,874
2015 38,473,333 2,021,865,100 221,191
Capacity
Passenger (current) 28,000,000
Passenger (ultimate) 33,000,000
Cargo (current) 1.7m tonnes
Busiest air routes by city pairs from Taipei (2015)[51]
Rank City Passengers % Change 2014 / 15 Airport Passengers Carriers (largest carrier bolded)
1 Hong Kong 6,885,755 -0.5% Hong Kong 6,885,755 Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, Dragonair, EVA Air, Hong Kong Airlines
2 Tokyo 2,624,582 17.6% Narita 2,580,062 All Nippon Airways, Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, Delta, EVA Air, Japan Airlines, Jetstar Japan, Scoot, Tigerair Taiwan, TransAsia Airways, Vanilla Air
Haneda 44,520 China Airlines, EVA Air, Tigerair Taiwan, Peach
3 Osaka 2,335,805 17.7% Kansai 2,335,805 Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, EVA Air, Japan Airlines, Jetstar Asia Airways, Jetstar Japan, Peach, Tigerair Taiwan, TransAsia Airways
4 Shanghai 1,783,756 4.3% Pudong 1,783,035 Air China, China Airlines, China Eastern Airlines, China Southern Airlines, EVA Air, Juneyao Airlines, Spring Airlines, TransAsia Airways
Hongqiao 721 EVA Air
5 Singapore 1,632,545 4.0% Singapore 1,632,545 China Airlines, EVA Air, Jetstar Asia Airways, Scoot, Singapore Airlines, Tigerair, Tigerair Taiwan
6 Bangkok 1,513,557 28.3% Suvarnabhumi 1,250,561 China Airlines, EVA Air, Thai Airways, TransAsia Airways
Don Mueang 262,996 NokScoot, Tigerair Taiwan, V Air
7 Seoul 1,435,442 -9.6% Incheon 1,435,442 Asiana, Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, EVA Air, Korean Air, Scoot, Thai Airways
8 Macau 1,117,692 9.7% Macau 1,117,692 Air Macau, EVA Air, Tigerair Taiwan, TransAsia Airways, V Air
9 Los Angeles 956,546 4.0% Los Angeles 956,546 China Airlines, EVA Air
10 Ho Chi Minh City 884,025 21.0% Ho Chi Minh City 884,025 China Airlines, EVA Air, Uni Air, Vietjet Air, Vietnam Airlines
11 Manila 842,109 8.1% Manila 842,109 Cebu Pacific, China Airlines, EVA Air, KLM, Philippine Airlines, V Air
12 Kuala Lumpur–International 825,020 -7.9% Kuala Lumpur–International 825,020 Air Asia X, China Airlines, EVA Air, Malaysia Airlines
13 San Francisco 800,194 10.0% San Francisco 800,194 China Airlines, EVA Air, United Airlines
14 Beijing 796,717 -2.9% Capital 796,717 Air China, China Airlines, EVA Air, Hainan Airlines
15 Fukuoka 730,141 8.3% Fukuoka 730,141 Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, EVA Air
Top Passenger Carriers (2015)[52]
Rank Carrier Passenger 2015 % Change 2014 / 15 Passenger 2014
1 China Airlines 10,626,866 4.0% 10,222,676
2 EVA Air 8,579,003 12.4% 7,634,962
3 Cathay Pacific 3,956,660 1.6% 3,893,192
4 China Southern Airlines 1,076,936 10.9% 970,999
5 TransAsia Airways 1,067,170 -14.2% 1,243,382
6 China Eastern Airlines 944,459 3.7% 910,648
7 Air China 819,491 -0.2% 821,244
8 Mandarin Airlines 712,027 4.1% 683,807
9 Hong Kong Airlines 708,140 0.8% 702,209
10 Scoot 664,107 -3.5% 688,162
Top Countries (2015)[52]
Rank Country Passenger 2015 % Change 2014 / 15 Passenger 2014
1 China 8,486,105 5.0% 8,083,094
2 Japan 8,304,635 15.2% 7,208,934
3 Hong Kong 6,885,755 -0.5% 6,920,804
4 United States 2,430,961 12.6% 2,158,598
5 South Korea 1,867,516 -1.5% 1,896,312
6 Singapore 1,632,545 4.0% 1,569,770
7 Thailand 1,599,223 32.2% 1,209,674
8 Vietnam 1,276,536 18.5% 1,077,462
9 Macau 1,117,692 9.7% 1,019,185
10 Malaysia 1,044,144 -4.8% 1,097,344

The airport is operated by the Taoyuan International Airport Corporation, a company wholly owned by the Government of Taiwan. The Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) is responsible for the provision of air traffic control services, certification of Taiwan registered aircraft, and the regulation of general civil aviation activities.

The airport has two parallel runways, with one 3660 meters in length and another 3800 meters in length and both 60 meters wide, enabling them to cater to the next generation of aircraft. The south runway has been given a Category I Precision Approach, while the north runway has the higher Category II Precision Approach, which allows pilots to land in only 350-metre visibility. The two runways have an ultimate capacity of over 60 aircraft movements an hour. The Airport is upgrading ATC and runways.

There are 41 frontal stands at the main passenger concourse, 15 remote stands and 25 cargo stands. In 2015, the airport was the 11th busiest airport worldwide in terms of international passenger numbers, and 6th busiest in terms of international freight traffic.[6]

The operation of scheduled air services to and from Taoyuan is facilitated by air services agreements between Taiwan and other countries. Since the opening of RCTP, the Taiwan Government has implemented a policy of progressive liberalisation of air services with the intention of promoting consumer choice and competition. Many low-cost airlines have started various regional routes to compete head-on with full-service carriers on trunk routes.

The airport's long term expansion opportunities are subject to variables. A NTD 300 billion proposal to build a third runway and a third terminal has been under feasibility study and consultation. However, building a new runway would be very expensive as it would involve a huge compensation for acquiring land.

Airport facilities

Passenger facilities

The Skytrain shuttles passengers between Terminals 1 and 2.

Transportation between Terminal 1 and 2 is provided by the TTIA Skytrain, a driverless people mover system. The train transports both passengers who have cleared security and those who have not through separate train cars.

Airport Business Center

Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport recently finished developing the airports business travel center in late 2011. The facility is a three-story building located between the first and second terminals. Business travelers paying to use the travel center can drive into the airports restricted zone and park their cars directly in front of the building. This allows business travelers to arrive at the airport much closer to the actual departure time versus arriving two hours before departure time like most regular international passengers are required to do. The business center is equipped with over 15 isolated areas allowing travelers to eat their meals without any distractions or disruptions. The facility also includes a spa, sauna, and gymnasium that are available for use by travelers. However, all of these luxuries come with a one-time price tag of $8,000. Travelers who wish to use the facility must make reservations at least three days in advance. Statistics showed that 376 private jets landed and departed the airport through a six-month timeframe in 2011; this is a 100 percent increase from the same time frame in 2010

Huan Yu VIP Terminal

Huan Yu VIP Terminal, also known as the Taoyuan Business Aviation Centre (TYBAC), began service in September 2011 and was officially opened in mid-October 2011.[53] The three-story facility will have its own terminal and facilities separate from the public terminals. It will provide a multimedia conference room, passenger lounge, private rooms and showers, spa, sauna, gym, and business centre facilities.[53] Other services that will be provided include ground handling, baggage handling, fuelling, security, customs and flight planning. Passengers planning to utilize TYBAC must sign up (to the Taiwanese immigration service) 3 days before use.

Baggage and cargo facilities

The handling and transportation of mail, passenger baggage, cargo, and the operation of aerobridges and passenger stairways in Taoyuan Airport is provided by Taoyuan International Airport Services Limited (TIAS) and Evergreen Airline Services (EGAS).

TTIA currently handles over 1.5 million tonnes of cargo annually. There are two air cargo terminals in the airport: one operated by Taiwan Air Cargo Terminals Limited and the other operated by Evergreen Air Cargo Services.

Aircraft maintenance services

China Airlines Engineering and Maintenance Organization (CALEMO) and Evergreen Aviation Technologies (EGAT) both offers maintenance services at the airport. With its huge base, CALEMO, with a market share of over 75%, can offer maintenance service of 5 huge airliners, ex. Boeing 747, at a time or 3 Boeing 747s and another Airbus A330 at a time. In addition, EGAT is capable of aircraft conversion programs, such as the Dreamlifter program.

Ground transportation

Taoyuan Airport MRT construction under the future Terminal 3 (June 2009).

Bus

Frequent buses link the airport to Taipei,[54] Taoyuan District,[55] Zhongli District,[56] Taichung,[57] Banqiao,[58] Changhua,[59] and THSR's Taoyuan Station.[60] Bus terminals are present at both terminals.

Rail

The Taoyuan International Airport MRT is scheduled to begin services in late 2016 and will link both terminals at the airport to Taipei and Zhongli District (Taoyuan City).[61][62] Express services will allow for travel to Taipei Station in 35 minutes.

The Taiwan High Speed Rail Taoyuan Station is about 8 km (5.0 mi) away and is accessible by shuttle bus.[60] When the Airport MRT is completed, the station will also be accessible by rail.

Taxi

Taxi queues are outside the arrival halls of both terminals and are available 24 hours a day. They are metered and subject to a 15-percent surcharge.[63]

Car rental

Car rentals are available at both terminals.[64] The airport is served by National Highway No. 2.

Other facilities

CAL Park, the headquarters for China Airlines.

CAL Park

China Airlines has its headquarters, CAL Park (Chinese: 華航園區; pinyin: Huáháng Yuánqū),[65] on the grounds of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport. CAL Park, located at the airport entrance forms a straight line with Terminal 1, Terminal 2, and the future Terminal 3.[66]

Airport Hotels

Located adjacent to the Aviation Museum and the convention center is the Novotel Taipei Taoyuan International Airport, which opened in November 2009. The 360-room hotel is equipped with restaurants, recreation and fitness centers, and a hair salon and spa.[67]

Aviation museum

The Chung Cheng Aviation Museum (Chinese: 中正航空科學館) is located in the south-eastern area of the airport between the main freeway entrance and the terminals. It was built in 1981 by Boeing under CAA contract.[68] Many retired Republic of China Air Force fighters are represented here. Its purpose is to preserve aviation history and provide public understanding of the civil aviation industry.[69] It is now currently closed due to the expansion and construction of the new Terminal 3.

Awards

Future developments

Flag of Taoyuan Airport

Taoyuan International Airport is undergoing major facility-upgrading and expansion plans. While the South runway (05R/23L) just completed its renovation in January 2015, construction started at the North runway (05L/23R) in March 2015. The runway renovations involve upgrading the runway to Category II and improving the surface conditions.[73] On the other hand, two Terminal 2 gates, C2 and D6, had additional jet bridges installed to accommodate the A380 aircraft. After the runway and jetbridge upgrades, the airport will be able to allow regular A380 operations, with likely carriers being Emirates, China Southern and Singapore Airlines.[74]

The Taoyuan International Airport MRT is under construction and is set to be completed by March 2017.[62] After completion, the system will offer two types of services: Express and Commuter. The Express trains will allow travellers to arrive at the airport from Taipei Main Station within 35 minutes. Service frequency will be one train every 5 minutes and the price will be around 200NTD. Check-in services will be offered at major stations, including Taipei Main Station. Luggage check-in service will also be offered and the trains will transport the luggage directly to the airport.[75]

Also underway are the Terminal 3, satellite terminal, and third runway plans. Terminal 3 will be designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners and have an annual capacity of 45 million passengers.[17] Specific plans for the satellite terminal and third runway have not been announced.

The master plan of the airport is the Taoyuan Aerotropolis project, an urban plan aimed at creating an industrial area surrounding Taoyuan Airport. The aerotropolis will take advantage of the competitive local infrastructure to attract developments and help stimulate economic growth. The total area, including the "yolk" airport area and the "white" area, will exceed 6845 hectares. The Terminal 3 and third runway plans are all part of the "yolk" area projects. The official year of completion is 2023.[76] However, due to land resumption controversies, the estimated year may be delayed.[77]

Terminal 2 expansion

With the amount of passengers rising beyond anticipation, the Ministry of Transportation has planned an expansion project for Terminal 2, increasing its capacity by 5 million passengers per year.[78]

Terminal 3 construction

Terminal 3 is in the final stages of having construction plans finalised. In October 2015, it was announced that Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners won the bid to design the 640,000 square meters terminal. Structures will include a processor (main terminal building), two concourses, and a multi-function building to connect the terminal with Terminal 2. The processor will have a wave-like roof structure, from which lights will be hung and move up-and-down to reflect the flow of passengers. Terminal 3 is expected to be completed in 2020 and will be able to handle at most 45 million passengers per year, thus increasing the overall yearly capacity of the airport to 86 million passengers.[17]

Accidents and incidents

See also

References

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