Puncha (community development block)

Puncha
পুঞ্চা
Community development block
সমষ্টি উন্নয়ন ব্লক
Puncha

Location in West Bengal, India

Coordinates: 23°07′23″N 86°39′11″E / 23.123°N 86.653°E / 23.123; 86.653Coordinates: 23°07′23″N 86°39′11″E / 23.123°N 86.653°E / 23.123; 86.653
Country  India
State West Bengal
District Purulia
Government
 • Type Community development block
Area
 • Total 330.11 km2 (127.46 sq mi)
Elevation 236 m (774 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 123,855
 • Density 380/km2 (970/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Bengali, English
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 723151 (Puncha)
Telephone/STD code 03253
Vehicle registration WB-55, WB-56
Literacy 68.14%
Lok Sabha constituency Purulia
Vidhan Sabha constituency Manbazar
Website purulia.gov.in

Puncha is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Purulia Sadar East subdivision of Purulia district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

History

Background

The Jaina Bhagavati-Sutra of 5th century AD mentions that Purulia was one of the sixteen mahajanapadas and was a part of the kingdom known as Vajra-bhumi in ancient times. In 1833, Manbhum district was carved out of Jungle Mahals district, with headquarters at Manbazar. In 1838, the headquarters was transferred to Purulia. In 1956, Manbhum district was partitioned between Bihar and West Bengal under the States Reorganization Act and the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act 1956.[1]

Geography

Overview

Purulia is the western-most district of West Bengal.[2]The area forms the lowest step of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. The general scenario is undulating land with scattered hills.[3]The generally flat uplands have spurs projected from the higher plateau in the west. Towards the east the undulatios are less pronounced and the country presents the appearance of rolling downs with isolated conical hills here and there. In the south, the Baghmundi or Ajodhya Hills reaches an elevation of over 2,000 feet at places. The district generally slopes down from the west to the east.[4]Important rivers in the district are: Damodar, Kangsabati, Kumari, Dwarakeswar and Subarnarekha.[5]Purulia district had a total forest cover of 185,726 hectares or 29.69% of the total land area in the district. Natural forest of the district is mainly restricted to the south-west part of the district covering the Ajodhya Hills and to the Panchet Hill in the north-east.[6]

Location

Puncha is located at 23°07′23″N 86°39′11″E / 23.123°N 86.653°E / 23.123; 86.653.

Puncha CD Block is bounded by Hura CD Block on the north, Hirbandh, in Bankura district, on the east, Manbazar I CD Block on the south, and Purulia I CD Block on the west.[7][8]

It is located 40 km from Purulia, the district headquarters.[7]

Area and administration

Puncha CD Block has an area of 330.11 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 10 gram panchayats, 97 gram sansads (village councils), 109 mouzas and 99 inhabited villages. Puncha (partly) and Kenda (partly) police stations serve this block.[9]Headquarters of this CD Block is at Puncha.[10][11]

Gram panchayats

Gram panchayats of Puncha block/panchayat samiti are: Bagda, Chandra, Chhirudih, Jambad, Kenda, Lakhra, Na-para, Panipathar, Pirrah and Puncha.[12]

Demographics

Population

As per the 2011 Census of India Puncha CD Block had a total population of 123,855, all of which were rural. There were 62,676 (51%) males and 61,179 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 16,012. Scheduled Castes numbered 18,006 (14.54%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 30,641 (24.74%).[13]

As per 2001 census, Puncha block had a total population of 108,045, out of which 54,636 were males and 53,409 were females. Puncha block registered a population growth of 12.09 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Purulia district was 13.96 per cent.[14]Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.[15]

Villages

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Puncha CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Puncha (5,404) and Pirra (4,049).[13]

Other villages in Puncha CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Laulara (2,473), Jambad (3,776), Chandra (3,884), Chhirudi (2,243), Bagda (2,370), Lakhra (685), Kenda (3,803) and Panipathar (2,118).[13]

Literacy

As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Puncha CD Block was 73,486 (68.14% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 44,267 (78.37% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 29,219 (54.82%) of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 26.34%.[13]

As per the 2011 census, literacy in Purulia district was 64.48%, up from 55.57 in 2001.[16]Literacy in West Bengal was 77.08% in 2011.[17]Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[17]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Languages

Bengali is the local language in these areas.[7]

Along the western borders of the district the local Bengali dialect spoken in the area often merges with Magahi dialects such as Kurmali, Khotta and Khottahi or even Khotta Bangla. There is a tribal presence in many of the CD Blocks of the district. Santali was spoken by around 14% of the population of the earlier Manbhum district. Some people also speak Mundari or Kolarian languages such as Kurmali, Mundari and the languages of the Bhumij or Mahli. However, the small number of people speaking some of these languages, particularly the Bhumijes, gave rise to doubts that many tribals have been recording Bengali as their language in different censuses, although they still speak their languages amongst themselves.[18]

Religion

Religion in Puncha CD Block
Hindu
  
 82.09%
Muslim
  
 3.55%
Christian
  
 0.04%
Others
  
 14.32%

In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 101,672 and formed 82.09% of the population in Puncha CD Block. Muslims numbered 4,402 and formed 3.55% of the population. Christians numbered 53 and formed 0.04% of the population. Others numbered 17,728 and formed 14.32% of the population.[19]Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,[20]and other religious communities.[19]

In 2011, Hindus numbered 2,373,130 and formed 80.99% of the population in Puruliya district. Muslims numbered 227,249 and formed 7.76% of the population. Christians numbered 8,646 and formed 0.30% of the population. Others numbered 321,090 and formed 10.96% of the population. In West Bengal, Hindus numbered 64,385,546 and formed 70.53% of the population. Muslims numbered 24,654,825 and formed 27.01% of the population.[19]

BPL families

According to the summary report of the Rural Household Survey 2005, BPL families formed 32.85% of the families in Purulia district. In West Bengal as a whole, BPL families formed 34.12% of the families in the state. In Purulia district, the number of landless families formed 32.70% of the families in the district, agricultural labourers formed 41.03% and 13.76% of the families migrated for casual labour.[21]

Economy

Infrastructure

In 2013-14, Puncha CD Block had 51.63 km of surfaced roads under PWD, 61.50 km surfaced roads and 5.50 km unsurfaced roads under Zilla Parishad, 42.00 km surfaced roads and 151.40 km unsurfaced roads under Gram Panchayat and Panchayat Samiti and 42.50 km surfaced roads under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana.[22]

98 mouzas in Puncha CD Block were electrified by 31 March 2014. The total consumption of electricity in Purulia district in 2013-14 was 228,350 KWH, out of which 130,376 KWH was domestic consumption and 925 KWH was for agricultural irrigation and dewatering.[22]

Agriculture

In Purulia district, cultivation is predominantly monocropped and more than half of the nett sown area is upland. Around 73% of the cultivated land is held in small patches by small and marginal farmers.[23]In 2013-14, nett sown area in Purulia district was 309,140 hectares. In Purulia district, 24,882 hectares of vested land was distributed amongst 97,393 beneficiaries up to 31 October 2013.[22]

In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Puncha CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadars 0.35%, patta (document) holders 6.21%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 6.34%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 22.88% and agricultural labourers 64.21%.[22]


In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Puncha CD Block was 7,192.15 hectares, out of which 6,342.35 hectares by tank water, 70.60 hectares by river lift irrigation, 214.20 hectares by open dug wells and 565.00 hectares by other means.[22]

In 2013-14, Puncha CD Block produced 20 tonnes of Aus paddy, the summer crop, from 14 hectares, 3,103 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 1,490 hectares, 44 tonnes of wheat from 20 hectares, 443 tonnes of maize from 241 hectares, 215 tonnes of jute from 11 hectares and 3,551 tonnes of potatoes from 119 hectares. It also produced maskalai, khesari, gram, mustard, til and sugarcane. It was the only CD Block in Purulia district to record some production of jute.[22]

Pisciculture

In Puncha CD Block, the net area undern effective pisciculture was 796 hectares in 2013-14. 7,167 persons were engaged in the profession. Approxiate annual production was 13,000 quintals.[22]

Banking

In 2013-14, Puncha CD Block had offices of 2 commercial bank and 3 gramin banks.[22]

Transport

In 2013-14, Puncha CD Block had 7 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station was 43 km from CD Block headquarters.[22]

Education

In 2013-14, Puncha CD Block had 162 primary schools with 11,064 students, 25 middle schools with 591 students, 9 high schools with 3,417 students and 12 higher secondary schools with 13,225 students. Puncha CD Block had 2 general colleges with 2,224 students and 284 institutions with 8,561 students for special and non-formal education.[22]

Ramananda Centenary College at Laulara, near Puncha, is one of the major colleges in West Bengal.[24]

Ganesh Mahato Memorial Teachers Training Institute (D.Ed) is proposed at Pirra, Kenda, Purulia.

Higher Secondary schools in the area are - Napara High School, Laulara R.C.Academy, and Kuruktopa High School.[25]

Healthcare

In 2014, Puncha CD Block had 1 block primary health centre and 3 primary health centres, with total 52 beds and 8 doctors. 5,018 patients were treated indoor and 214,312patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.[22]

References

  1. ↑ "Historical background". Purulia District. Archived from the original on 2008-01-03. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
  2. ↑ "Destination Purulia". Introduction. Purulia district adminstration. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  3. ↑ Houlton, Sir John, Bihar, the Heart of India, 1949, p. 170, Orient Longmans Ltd.
  4. ↑ "Bengal District Gazetteers - Manbhum by H. Coupland, ICS". First Published 1911. University of California, San Diego. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  5. ↑ "Brief Industrial Profile of Purulia District, West Bengal" (PDF). Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Industries, Government of India. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  6. ↑ "Destination Purulia". District Profile. Purulia district adminstration. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  7. 1 2 3 "Puncha Block". onefivenine. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  8. ↑ "Purulia district". Blocks in Purulia district. Purulia district administration. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  9. ↑ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 2.1, 2.2,. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  10. ↑ "Puncha Development Block". Purulia district administration. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  11. ↑ "District Census Handbook: Puruliya" (PDF). Map of District Puruliya with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  12. ↑ "Annexure A to G.O No.121(Sanction)-RD/CCA/BRGF/1C-5/08". Allotment under BRGF Fund 1st Instalment 2010-11 – Purulia District. Government of West Bengal - Department of Panchayats & Rural Development. Retrieved 2011-08-04.
  13. 1 2 3 4 "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  14. ↑ "Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Puruliya District". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  15. ↑ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  16. ↑ "Purulia District: Census 2011 data". 2016 Digital Trends. Census Population 2015 Data. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  17. 1 2 "Provisional population tables and annexures" (PDF). Census 2011:Table 2(3) Literates and Literacy rates by sex. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  18. ↑ "Bengal District Gazetteers - Manbhum by H. Coupland, ICS". Section 72, First Published 1911. University of California, San Diego. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  19. 1 2 3 "C1 Population by Religious Community". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  20. ↑ "ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  21. ↑ "BPL survey". Department of Panchayats and Rural Development. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 21.1, 8.2, 8.2(a), 5.1, 5.1(b), 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 18.3, 20.1, 21,2, 4.1, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  23. ↑ "purulia.nic.in". District profile - agriculture. Purulia district administration. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  24. ↑ "Major Colleges in West Bengal". Purulia. 123careers.net. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
  25. ↑ "List of Institutions with Subjects Taught" (PDF). Purulia. West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
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