Pan-European nationalism
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Pan-European nationalism refers to a belief that all European ethnic groups are a part of a European nation, and European cultures are all parts of a European culture.
History
The International Paneuropean Union or 'Paneuropean Movement' was founded in 1923 by Richard Nikolaus Graf Coudenhove-Kalergi. It survived the Second World War, and had some influence on the formation of the European Economic Community. (Coudenhove-Kalergi first proposed An die Freude as European anthem).
After the war, the Swede Per Engdahl created a European Social Movement (with the same name as a small French collaborationist party, founded in 1942 by Pierre Costantini) alongside Maurice Bardèche. A more extremist splinter group, the New European Order, would also emerge under Switzerland's Gaston Armand Amaudruz
Shortly afterwards Francis Parker Yockey created the European Liberation Front which only had a brief existence. Much the same fate awaited the European Popular Movement created at the end of the 1950s by Otto Strasser
In 1960, parallel to the foundation of Jeune Europe by Jean Thiriart, the latter, with Otto Strasser and Oswald Mosley, briefly created the National Party of Europe. Mosley promoted European Nationalism with his Europe a Nation campaign, and through his (British) Union Movement. Jeune Europe disappeared in 1969. It was succeeded by several pan-European movements of less importance, such as Comité de liaison des européens révolutionnaires and the European Liberation Front (the second organisation with this name).
In France, pan-European nationalism is represented by the Bloc Identitaire. Another organisation, who claimed not only to be inspired by rightists but also by socialists such as Louis Auguste Blanqui and who adopted a position of Anti-Americanism, Anti-capitalism and Anti-Zionism, is the Réseau Radical. In Belgium the principal European-nationalist organisation is the group Synergies européennes led by the college lecturer Robert Steuckers. It is considered part of the New Right. In both countries the idea is also advocated by the Parti Communautaire National-Européen, a National Bolshevik group that succeeded Jean Thiriart's earlier Parti Communautaire Européen.