Official state car

An official state car is a car used by a government to transport its head of state or head of government in an official capacity, which may also be used occasionally to transport other members of the government or visiting dignitaries from other countries. A few countries bring their own official state car for state visits to other countries, for instance the USA, Russia and sometimes the UK. It also may serve as an automotive symbol of the head of state and their country. Part of the criteria for an official state car is to have adequate security, capability and stateliness for its duty. A limousine, executive car or sport utility vehicle is usually selected.

Due to the high security risk for the passengers, these vehicles are often heavily secured and protected. Vehicles may be armored by the manufacturer or an after-market specialist. (In this article the term "armored car" invariably means a reinforced civilian vehicle, not the military vehicle often so named.) When carrying an important passenger, state vehicles may be surrounded by a motorcade consisting of police or military personnel. The vehicle's driver might also be from the law enforcement or military pool; the driver of the United States Presidential State Car is an experienced agent from the Secret Service, and the British Prime Minister is driven by a Specialist Protection officer from the Metropolitan Police Service.

For state visits and international conferences, the host country usually supplies the ground transportation and security personnel. However, a few countries transport their official state cars to the destination.

In countries that have indigenous automobile manufacturers, the government will usually commission one of the national automakers to provide a state car, or allow several to provide cars for an official state fleet. It is considered an honour for a car manufacturer to be selected to provide a state car for their respective country and a demonstration of the confidence of a government in their national industry.^[1] For example, the President of the United States currently uses a Cadillac with special undisclosed security features commissioned by the United States government and built by General Motors, with Lincoln, manufactured by Ford Motor Company and Chrysler vehicles having been used in the past, representing the three major American manufacturers. The Emperor of Japan uses a Toyota Century, the Prime Minister of Italy uses a Maserati, the Prime Minister of Malaysia uses a Proton Perdana, the President of the Czech Republic rides a Škoda Superb, and the British monarch uses a Bentley.^[1] Members of the British Royal Family are driven in Jaguars, though other makes may be used in other Commonwealth realms. The President of France can choose from cars manufactured by Renault or PSA Peugeot Citroën, and all major German manufacturers (Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Volkswagen Group) are represented in Germany's pool of vehicles available for use by state officials.

For countries without major indigenous manufacturers, an official state car may be purchased from a suitable manufacturer in a nation with strong economic and diplomatic ties. Canada exclusively uses state cars manufactured by the Detroit Three, many of which are made in Canadian factories, with the United States and American car manufacturers having a historically strong relationship with Canada. The Canadian government also holds shares in General Motors and Chrysler following their restructuring in the economic downturn of 2008.

In some cases state cars may bear standard number plates; in others special or no plates are used.

The following information lists some state cars and their users of sovereign states and other territories; the list is likely to be out of date in some cases as incumbents and cars change.

Afghanistan

The President of Afghanistan travels in a convoy of armored Toyota Land Cruiser J200s without registration plates.

Argentina

The President of Argentina uses a fleet of armored Audi A8s with standard registration plates.

Australia

Governor-General

The Governor-General of Australia travels in a Rolls-Royce Phantom VI limousine for ceremonial occasions, such as the State Opening of Parliament.^[2] He more commonly uses a white ballistic and bullet-proof armoured BMW 7 series when on official business. The official cars of the Governor-General fly the Flag of the Governor-General of Australia and display St. Edward's Crown instead of number plates. A similar arrangement is used for the Governors of the six states. When the Queen is in Australia, the Queen's Personal Australian Flag is flown on the car in which she is travelling. During the Queen's 2011 visit to Australia, the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh were driven in a Range Rover Vogue.

Prime Minister

The official state car of the Prime Minister of Australia is a white ballistic and bullet-proof armoured BMW 7-Series, supported at all times by an armoured BMW X5. Prior to 2013, vehicles in the Prime Ministerial fleet were white Ford Territory and Holden Caprice models.^[3] The Prime Ministerial vehicle is also escorted by police vehicles from state and federal authorities. The Prime Minister's car bears the number plate "C1" (meaning "Commonwealth 1") and a centrally mounted Australian flag.^[4] The Prime Ministerial car fleet operates as part of COMCAR, a division of the Australian Government's Department of Finance.^[5]

In 2013, BMW was selected to provide a fleet of 7-Series High Security vehicles as part of a tender to replace the ageing armoured Holden Caprice fleet that formerly transported the Australian Prime Minister. The off-the-shelf replacements offer greater protection and better value for money.^[6] A BAE and GM-Holden Consortium also bid for the contract.^[7]

Austria

Senior government figures in Austria use Audi A8, Bentley Continental Flying Spur, BMW 7 Series and Mercedes-Benz S-Class models.

Azerbaijan

President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev travels in an armored Maybach 62 limousine.^[8] Sometimes he uses a heavy armored, custom-built Mercedes-Benz W221 S600 Guard Pullman.

Belgium

The Belgian King, Philippe, uses a Mercedes Benz S600 or a BMW 7-Class mostly with the number plate, '1', because he is the commander in chief of the army. For the inauguration a Mercedes-Benz 600 Landaulette was used. All royal family members drive cars with only numbers. The Prime Minister of Belgium, Charles Michel, uses an Audi A6. Federal government officials drive cars with number plates starting with an "A" followed by one to three numbers. Regional government officials drive cars with number plates starting with an "E" followed by one to three numbers. Members of parliament and the senate drive cars with number plates starting with an "P" followed three numbers. For personal use, Queen Paola of Belgium drives a Fiat 500 with diplomatic plates. Prince Laurent of Belgium is famous for his speed driving and his fast cars. There is also a Mercedes-Benz 600 in the royal garage. The late Baudouin of Belgium ordered in the ’70s an armored De Tomaso Deauville. He had also an Aston Martin DB2/4. For their marriage in 1960, Baudouin and Fabiola used a 1955 Cadillac Series 62 Convertible, with a bulletproof bubble-top.

Bhutan

The former King of Bhutan, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, drove a Toyota Land Cruiser J100 when travelling around the kingdom. The present King of Bhutan is driven in a Range Rover and Mini Cooper.

Bolivia

The President of Bolivia is driven in an armoured Lexus LS 460L^[9] and escorted by four Toyota Land Cruisers.^[10]

Brazil

The ceremonial state car of the President of Brazil is a 1952 Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith, reserved exclusively for Independence Day commemorations, state visits and the presidential inauguration. The current official state car used by the president for regular transportation is a 2011-model armored version of the Ford Fusion Hybrid.^[11] The car is also used as escort car for the presidential motorcade. The Fusion was first used on 17 June 2008 when it replaced a 2004 Chevrolet Omega.

In February 2012 the Brazilian government bought 12 Canadian-built Ford Edge models, 10 of which armored, for the use of President Dilma Rousseff and her security team.^[12]

The federal government's most important officials (President, Ministers, Magistrates, etc.) use yellow-green brass plates adorned with the coat of arms of Brazil and their titles engraved on them (e.g., President of the Republic, President of the Senate, Defense Minister, Supreme Court President, etc.).

Brunei

The ceremonial state car of the Sultan of Brunei is a 1992 state landaulette Rolls-Royce Phantom VI. On non-ceremonial occasions, the Sultan of Brunei personally drives a black Mercedes-Benz M-Class W163 ML55 AMG, usually escorted by either a Secret Service BMW E39 540i or a BMW E61 545i, and a few Lexus LX470. Recently, his Majesty drives around in black Brabus G700. On other occasions he drives a Maybach 62. The Sultan and his brother Prince Jefri Bolkiah owns several thousand luxury and exotic cars, one of the largest collections in the world.

Queen Saleha of Brunei usually driven around in 2012 Rolls Royce Phantom Series II.

The member of the Royal Family are usually escorted by a Secret Service escort Volvo S80 V8 models, or Mitsubishi 380.

The Cabinet Ministers of Brunei and visiting foreign dignitaries are driven in a black Mercedes Benz W221 S350L, while other senior ranking officials are driven in a black Mercedes Benz W211 E280.

The Sultan of Brunei drives Mercedes-Benz G-Class the 2009 Facelifted G55 AMG instead of W163 ML55 AMG.

Bulgaria

The cars of the President of Bulgaria include Mercedes-Benz S600 and BMW 5 Series and BMW 7 Series. The Prime Minister is being driven in a Toyota Land Cruiser, he very often drives it himself with the security guards sitting in the back of the car. The Prime Minister also is being driven in black BMW X5. The pilot cars are usually Ford, Toyota or Audi A6 and Audi A8. As on 18 December, the Prime minister and the President of Bulgaria are being transported in top class Mercedes S600 Guard, 517 hp.^[13]

Cambodia

The Royal King of Cambodia Norodom Sihamoni is driven in a black Mercedes-Benz 600 with the logo of Royal Standard of the King of Cambodia behind. His Majesty has owned two black Mercedes-Benz 600s and also a black Land Cruiser 100.

The Prime Minister of Kingdom of Cambodia has owned more than 4 Mercedes-Benz guard cars and more than 5 Chevrolet Suburbans in his houses. He also has had a black Mercedes-Benz S600 (W221) Carat Duchatelet bullet proof with plate number 2Z-9999 and another black Mercedes-Benz S600 (V221) with plate number 2AA-9999 and two gold Mercedes-Benz S600 (W220)s.

Canada

The Canadian monarch and Governor General of Canada are driven in a Lincoln Town Car or a Lincoln MKS bearing the flag of either office on the right hand fender. The sovereign's car bears a licence plate showing a gold St. Edward's Crown on a red field, while the governor general's car bears a plate with the crest of the Royal Arms of Canada (similar to the Flag of the Governor General of Canada) or standard auto plates of the province of Ontario with flags of the governor general on the front hood. The governor general also has a Cadillac DTS stretch limousine at his/her disposal. A Ford Flex is also in the Goveror General's fleet.

The Prime Minister of Canada is driven in a motorcade of five cars or more. The motorcade is adjusted for certain public events, as seen fit by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. The prime minister usually rides in an armoured long-wheelbase Cadillac DTS or Chevrolet Suburban, but has also been seen arriving at various events in a Toyota Sienna minivan when travelling with members of his family. The prime minister is also eligible to use the governor general's Cadillac stretch limousine at various times. The prime minister's car bears standard Ontario car plates. His or her motorcade is usually led by a Chrysler 300, Dodge Charger, or Mercury Grand Marquis.

Certain ministers and officials are driven in Chrysler 300 sedans. There is also a Chevrolet Tahoe hybrid for official transportation.

Chile

The official presidential vehicle in Chile is a 1966 black Ford Galaxie XL Convertible, given as a gift by the queen Elizabeth II on her visit to Chile. It is used only for official ceremonies celebrating national days on May 21, September 18 and September 19. It has a normal license plate (EL-2801).^[14]

For daily transport the president was previously driven in a Lincoln Town Car, but President Michelle Bachelet used a 2008-model Peugeot 607 saloon. Her motorcade was often seen driving 2006 Audi A4 and A6s. Various 2007 Dodge Durangos also compose the presidential motorcade.

The newly elected president Sebastián Piñera was arrived at the Presidential Palace in a brand new 2010 BMW 760Li F03 (armored). Various Audi Q7's, BMW 5 series, Audi's A6 were seen driving along with him.

In May, a Lexus LS 600h, was chosen by Piñera as the official presidential vehicle.^[15]

China

Before the production of Hongqi, Chinese leaders uses various foreign luxury cars. For example, Chairman Mao Zedong used a bullet-proofed ZIL-115 donated from Stalin, while Premier Zhou Enlai used a GAZ-12 ZIM, later a ZIL-115 and Foreign Minister Chen yi used a Mercedes-Benz 600 Pullman before Hongqi introduced its most famous CA770 into production. Since 1960s Chinese leaders have traditionally used limousines produced under the Hongqi brand for official events. Before the new Hongqi HQE (official name L9) was introduced, the Chinese leaders used special version of CA770 limousine to review the troops in National Days. During former paramount leader Hu Jintao's review of troops on National Day in 2009, he was seen in a Hongqi HQE Limousine. The HQE is powered by an aluminium V12 cylinder engine of Chinese design (designation CA12VG), with a displacement of 6.0 liters and producing 370 kW (470 hp) at 5600 rpm and 550 N m (405 lb·ft) of torque at 4400 rpm. It is bulletproof, completely hand built and comes with run flat tyres.

Started from early 90s, Chinese leaders have switched to using minibuses, such as the Toyota Coaster, for short-distance trips.

When visiting a foreign country, Chinese leaders generally use vehicles supplied by the host country. This custom began to change in November 2014, when Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party, used his own Hongqi L5 limousine on a state visit to New Zealand.^[16][17] Chinese premiers continue to use cars supplied by the host country.

Colombia

Since 1991, the Colombian Presidential vehicles have usually been BMWs. In 2006, the Presidential fleet included four armoured BMW 7-Series and several units of Toyota Land Cruiser 100, whose level of armour is a state secret. These BMWs and Toyotas are equipped with GPS and runflat tires. The motorcade is made up of 3 BMWs plus 5 Toyota 100s all armored plus a Prado armored level IIIA for Police Escort and an ambulance and no less than 8 motorcycles. All the vehicles have presidential tags.

Costa Rica

The President of Costa Rica, Luis Guillermo Solís, as well his Vice-Presidents, Helio Fallas and Ana Helena Chacon, use grey or black Toyota Prado Land Cruisers as their official state cars.

Other Ministers use similar cars.

Croatia

The President of Croatia uses an armoured Mercedes-Benz S600, while the Prime Minister of Croatia uses an armoured BMW 7 series.

Czech Republic

The current president of Czech Republic, Miloš Zeman, uses the Czech-made Škoda Superb.

Denmark

Queen Margrethe II uses a 1958 Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith seven-seater (LGLW 25 body no. 10181), commonly referred to as Store Krone (Great Crown). It was purchased by her father, Frederick IX of Denmark, as new. The coachbuilder and seller was Hooper & Co. (Coachbuilder) Ltd, 54 St James Street, Piccadilly, London SW1.^[18]

In addition she uses several lesser cars for more common occasions. Noteworthy are Krone (Crown) 1, 2 and 5, which are all Daimler DS420 eight-seater limousines made in 1970, 1989 (purchased in 1994 with 1500 km on the clock) and 1986. There was also a Bentley Arnage which has been replaced by a Bentley Mulsanne in 2012. The name Krone with a number, like Krone 121,^[19] refers to the license plate used when carrying members of the Danish Royal Family inside Denmark.^[20]

The Queen is also using a hybrid limousine : the Lexus LS 600h L.^[21] In Juli 2016 the queen and prince-consort used a stretched Volvo S80 by Nillson. Crown Prince Frederik uses a full electric Tesla Model S since the summer of 2013.

The current Prime Minister of Denmark uses an Audi A8 L.^[22] The former one was driven in an armored Mercedes-Benz S-Class. The ministers in the Danish government drive different kinds of VW Phaeton, BMW 5 Series, BMW 7 Series, Audi A6, Audi A8 and different Mercedes-Benz S-Class.^[22]

Dominican Republic

The President of the Dominican Republic, Danilo Medina actually uses a black Toyota Land Cruiser 200 and a black Lexus LX 570, which can be seen normally with the 0–1 plate (Presidential Plate) and it's mostly chosen by the government for its reliability and bulletproofs armor, a black Ford Expedition which was used during his campaign and is now being used as a security car and back up, a black BMW 7 Series used the inaugural parade, only used to go to events in or near the Distrito Nacional, Santo Domingo. All of the cars have been modified with bullet-proof tires and bullet-proof windows. The Presidential Plate will be changed to the car that the president will use for the day. The Escorts teams uses blacks Toyota 4Runner fourth and fifth generation, Toyota Fortuner, and Toyota Land Cruiser Prado J120 and the J150 on the motorcade.

Since 2013, the fleet of official state vehicles for the Governor of the state or province were changed from first generation Nissan X-Trail and Nissan Frontier D22 for new 2014 Mitsubishi Montero fourth generation. They also could use their own personal vehicles.

East Germany

The former East Germany manufactured the Trabant and Wartburg, both deemed unsuitable for state car usage. The leaders of the country used Russian-made cars and Swedish Volvo models, while the Communist Party General Secretary, Erich Honecker, used a fleet of stretched Citroen CX and Volvo 700 Series models.

Ecuador

The presidential state car in Ecuador is an armored Lincoln Town Car purchased by president Lucio Gutierrez in 2005. An armored Chevrolet Trooper is also used.. The president travels in one of several armored Nissan Patrol scholastic level 7 for several Ford Explorers, Chevrolet D-Max, Toyota Hilux. In the September 30, 2010 Nissan Patrol withstood high caliber ammunition in the midst of shooting the Police hospital in the city of Quito. The Nissan Patrol fleet was changed for Toyota Land Cruiser 200s.

Egypt

The presidential state car in Egypt used by Hosni Mubarak until February 2011 was a black armored 1998 Mercedes-Benz S-Class. An earlier model of it helped save his life in Ethiopia in 1995. The current vehicle used by Abdel Fattah el-Sisi is a black armored variant of the 2013 Mercedes Benz S-Class with a special black number plate with the presidential crest above an Arabic 1. Ministers and highly placed government officials are sometimes seen driving black BMW 7 Series, or Audi A8s, all with special government number plates. Parliamentary vehicles are often Mercedes-Benz E-Class.

El Salvador

The President of El Salvador, Mauricio Funes, uses an armored Mercedes-Benz W220 as its official state car. He also drives or is driven in a Lexus LX 570, a Hummer H3, a Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT-8, a Chevrolet Suburban and a 200 Series Toyota Land Cruiser. The President is generally escorted by six Toyota Land Cruiser Prados.

Estonia

During the first republic (1918–1940), the first President, Konstantin Päts, preferred American cars, such as Studebaker Dictator. After officially becoming a President in 1938, he also bought a Packard Super 8 Touring Sedan, and in next year a Studebaker Commander Cruising Sedan.

The President of Estonia uses an Audi A8 L 3.0 TDI Quattro Tiptronic with the coat of arms of Estonia as its license plate. The car is escorted by an Audi Q7. The Estonian Prime Minister uses an Audi A8 registered in 2015.

Finland

The President of Finland uses an armoured Mercedes-Benz S600L with the coat of arms of Finland in lieu of a license plate.^[23] A similar car is used by the Speaker of the Parliament, whereas the Prime Minister's official car is a grey armoured Mercedes-Benz S450 CDI.

Finnish cabinet members carpool consist of 8 BMW 525d A xDrive's.^[24]

France

The President of France can choose between several armoured versions of high-end French cars including the Citroen DS5 Hybrid4, Citroën C6, Renault Vel Satis and Peugeot 607. These are traditionally provided by the manufacturers and different Presidents will have their own preference. Nicolas Sarkozy preferred Renault, while Jacques Chirac was a Citroën fan, occasionally using his own long-wheelbase Citroën CX model and the presidential Citroën XM. President François Hollande is usually chauffeured in an armoured Citroën C6, although he has been known to make private trips by moped.^[25][26]

For his inauguration parade in 2007, Sarkozy used the one-off Peugeot 607 Paladine model, a stretched limousine with landaulette body, originally built as a concept car in 2000. The model was brought out of storage for the occasion and updated with a new grille and lights to bring it in line with the 2004 re-style of the mainstream model. It has since been returned to Peugeot and, as it effectively remains a concept car in its fit and finish, will not become part of the Élysée fleet. President Hollande used a one-off convertible version of the Citroen DS5 Hybrid4 for his inauguration parade on May 15, 2012. The car, owned by Citroën, has since been displayed at various events throughout the world.

The most famous association between a President of France and a single model was that of Charles de Gaulle with the Citroën DS, as portrayed in the film, Day of the Jackal. The President was saved in two assassination attempts by French Algeria supporters by the car's unique ability to drive on three wheels and to keep running when more than one tyre is punctured.

For ceremonial occasions, the President also has access to two special open top Citroën SM Présidentielle models,^[27] created for President Georges Pompidou by the coachbuilder Henri Chapron. Based on the SM Opera, itself a special edition four-door coupé, these cars are still used for state occasions and military parades, when the open-top layout enables the President to stand in the back seat and survey the crowd. Built for an official visit by Queen Elizabeth II in 1972, the cars have a standard mechanical layout with the addition of a special gear for low-speed cruising. One of these cars was also used by President François Mitterrand for the official opening of the Channel Tunnel in 1994, when it accompanied the Rolls-Royce Phantom VI of Elizabeth II. Number plates on these cars are standard French ones, although specially created for the model (2 PR 75 and 3 PR 75, '75' denoting the Paris region). Both are still maintained in working order, but are now rarely seen in use.

An international museum of official state cars also exists in France.^[28]

Germany

Over the years, German presidents, chancellors and senior politicians have often used Mercedes-Benz S-Class vehicles and their predecessor models. The most famous variants were the Mercedes 300 series "Adenauer" and the stretched "Pullman" variants. Currently the State Car of the President of Germany is an armored Mercedes-Benz S600 with license plate 0–1, but the president has also used an Audi A8. The President is (besides the Minister of Defense) the only German official whose official car regular shows a flag (a version of the President's standard) placed on the front of the hood.

All officials under close personal protection from the Bundeskriminalamt (BKA), one of Germany's federal police forces; are transported by the BKA pool of armoured cars and BKA driving staff. The car pool includes armored limousines from all German car manufacturers, usually high-end models such as the Audi A8, Volkswagen Phaeton, BMW 7 Series and Mercedes-Benz S-Class.

Some German politicians choose to express their regional origins through the make of car they use. In particular officials from Bavaria customarily prefer cars from Munich-based BMW over the more common Mercedes brand. Some high-ranking politicians from Alliance '90/The Greens (Germany's green party) have chosen Audi, VW or BMW cars to avoid the posh and elitist image of Mercedes models. While in office, former Chancellor Gerhard Schröder initially used an Audi for his official car, a brand he is known to prefer as his personal car as well. Later during his administrative term, Volkswagen presented him with a VW Phaeton which found its way into the car pool. His successor in office, current Chancellor Angela Merkel is known to alternate between brands as to project neutrality and support for the German car industry in general.

One of the earliest links between a leader and a particular marque was the association of Paul von Hindenburg and Adolf Hitler with Mercedes-Benz. Especially Hitler was known for his love of luxury cars and ordered a succession of custom vehicles from Mercedes, culminating in the 770K model of 1941, which was rumoured to weigh up to five tonnes.^[29] These cars and their predecessors became synonymous with Nazi parades and Hitler's visits to conquered cities such as Vienna and Paris.

Greece

The Prime Minister of Greece used to use a heavy armoured, custom-built W221 Mercedes-Benz S600 escorted by custom built Mercedes-Benz G-Class vehicles. George Papandreou displaced it with a standard Toyota Prius. On official events the car of the state president was used.

Past PMs have also used a Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow Long-Wheelbase Limousine. The president, also, uses a W221 Mercedes-Benz S600, wearing the Greek coat of arms. The monarchs in 1930s used a Maybach Zeppelin. The official state car of King of Greece in 60s was a 1959 Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith (LHLW44 chassis).^[30]

Grenada

The Governor General of Grenada is driven in a white BMW 750Li with a crown license plate symbolizing the Queen while the Prime Minister drives in a black BMW 750Li bearing a Grenadian flag and a coat of arms license plate, escorted by police motorcycle outriders and two black Prado SUVs.

Hungary

Hungarian public key dignitaries and security personnel use armored Audi A8 Ls. Also used in official convoys are the Audi A7, Audi Q7, and Audi A6. The Prime Minister, however, prefers to ride in a Volkswagen Multivan. Members of the Government use the Škoda Superb, while lower-ranking officials use Škoda Octavias.

Hong Kong

As a special administrative region, official vehicle of the Chief Executive of Hong Kong bear no license plate but the Emblem of Hong Kong. This follows the practice of the British Governor, as the representative of the British Crown, the laws of Hong Kong did not apply to him, including the need for a number plate on his car. Hence the official limousine simply had a Crown emblem front and rear in place of number plates. The current Chief Executive CY Leung is usually driven in a Lexus LS 600h L hybrid vehicle. Occasionally, the Chief Executive is also seen using a 1997 Mercedes-Benz S500L.

Senior government officials, including the Chief Secretary, Chief Justice and Commissioner of Police, are each assigned a Volkswagen Phaeton. The President of the Legislative Council is driven in a Lexus GS450h, with the number plate "LC1".

Prior to 1997, the Governor of Hong Kong used a Rolls-Royce Phantom V for ceremonial occasions and a Daimler DS420 limousine for everyday use. Both were removed from Hong Kong by the Royal Navy immediately following the handover to China on 1 July 1997. The Phantom V displayed St Edward's Crown instead of a front license plate.

Iceland

The President of Iceland, Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, is driven by a chauffeur in a Lexus LS600hL with the license plate of "1."^[31] For special occasions the president also uses a 1942 Packard.^[32]

India

The President of India, travels in a black Mercedes-Benz S Class (S600) Pullman Guard. It is a custom-built, heavily armoured stretch limousine which meets the requirements of the highest protection class BR7-level. The President's motorcade also always consists of the former presidential car, a black Mercedes-Benz armoured limousine, which is used as a spare vehicle. Along with it, is a white Mercedes-Benz ambulance, black Tata Safari SUVs and a few black sedans. The presidential car displays the National Emblem of India instead of the number plates.^[33] They are protected and followed by the President's Bodyguard.

The Vice President of India uses a white BR7-level armoured 2009 BMW 7 Series High Security saloon. It also has the National Emblem (Coat of Arms) instead of the number plates.

The Prime Minister of India, the head of the government, uses two black, BR7-level highly modified armoured BMW 7 Series (F01) with one used as a decoy. These are escorted by the SPG in six armoured black BMW X5s, and a few Tata Safaris with one equipped with a jammer which are a permanent part of the Prime Minister's convoy. When visiting a foreign country, Indian leaders generally use vehicles supplied by the host country.

Indonesia

The President of Indonesia is driven in one of two armored black Mercedes-Benz S600 Guard bearing the "RI 1" or "INDONESIA 1" license plate and the Indonesian flag.

The Vice President of Indonesia is driven in a similar car, bearing the Indonesian flag and a "RI 2" or "INDONESIA 2" license plate.

The President and Vice President of Indonesia are escorted by the Presidential Security Forces in a number of cars depending on the security detail, where the fleet consists of BMW X5, Mercedes-Benz G-Class, Nissan Patrol, Nissan X-Trail, Toyota Fortuner, and Toyota Land Cruiser models as well as a Volkswagen Caravelle carrying a communications jammer device.

In addition to the escort cars, the Security Forces sometimes also consist of two Yamaha FZ1 motorcycles

The Presidential Fleet also contains other vehicles such as BMW 760Li Security, BMW X5 Security, the previously used Mercedes-Benz S600 Guard as well as a newer Mercedes-Benz S600 Guard, and Toyota Land Cruiser models, all armored and in black.

For trips outside Jakarta the SUV models are preferred to the usual Mercedes limousine. During military exercises, the President of Indonesia is driven in armored personnel carriers bearing the 'INDONESIA 1" license plate, usually in the Anoa. An older BMW X5 was notably used by former president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono during the 2007 Jakarta flood.

Cabinet ministers of Indonesia are driven in black Toyota Crown models, escorted by black Nissan X-Trail or Toyota Fortuner vehicles.

The Indonesian National Police is present in all motorcades.

Iran

The current president of Iran has used different vehicles over the years ranging from Toyota Cressida, BMW 5 Series and recently a Peugeot 607. The former president of Iran, used a 1977 Peugeot 504. Cars for diplomatic and official purposes range from various types of Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Peugeot, through to domestically-made Samand model Sarir.

Iraq

The Iraqi President uses a BMW E67 760 Li escorted by Nissan Patrol models. The Prime Minister uses an armoured Chevy Tahoe along with a Toyota Land Cruiser and Chevrolet Suburban.

While in power, Saddam Hussein normally traveled in a Mercedes-Benz W126, and also bought a large fleet of luxury cars for himself and his family. Some were classic American cars, many from the era of Al Capone of whom Saddam Hussein was an admirer.^[34]

Ireland

The daily transport for the Taoiseach (Prime Minister) of Ireland is a black 2014 BMW 7 Series, a 3.0 litre diesel, or a dark coloured 2013 Audi A6 3.0 TDI Quattro model with 242 bhp, replacing the previous 2006 Mercedes-Benz S-Class. The Taoiseach is driven by specially trained and armed members of the Garda Special Detective Unit (SDU). The car the Taoiseach travels in is always accompanied by a follow car, usually an identical Audi A6 or BMW 7 Series, or an unmarked BMW 5 Series (2.5 petrol), containing armed close protection officers from the SDU and staff/minders. The Taoiseach's car is usually escorted by motorcycle outriders from the Garda Traffic Corps, and further marked and unmarked patrol cars are added to the escort when the Taoiseach is attending sensitive events or during times of a heightened security risk. The Tánaiste (Deputy Prime Minister) usually travels in a similar Audi A6.

The daily transport of the President of Ireland is a black 2006 Mercedes-Benz S-Class (3.5 petrol). The President receives the highest protection in the land by law. The President's car is driven by a specially trained and armed member of the Garda Special Branch. The motorcade is led by Garda motorbikes to fend off traffic for the oncoming motorcade. A marked patrol car follows and then the President's car proceeds. Two unmarked cars from the Special Detective Unit follow, they are usually BMW 5 Series, Volvo S60 and/or Audi A6, containing armed bodyguards and the President's staff. The President's Aide-de-camp always travels with him in the cavalcade. The convoy occasionally contains a vehicle from the Garda Emergency Response Unit (ERU) for increased security.

The Presidential State Car is a Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith landaulette, license plate ZJ 5000, nicknamed "DeV's car" because of its association with former President Éamon de Valera. It is only used occasionally by the President for ceremonial occasions.

Uniquely in Ireland, politicians (Taoiseach, Tánaiste, Ministers) usually sit in the front of the car while the President sits in the back.

Full-time armed protection and transport is also afforded to; the Tánaiste, Minister for Justice and Equality, Attorney General, Chief Justice, Director of Public Prosecutions and Garda Commissioner.^[35] All government ministers and former Presidents and Taoisigh are provided with armed protection and transport when their security is deemed under threat, otherwise it is reserved for official state occasions.^[36] Ambassadors and high-ranking foreign diplomats in Ireland are given protection by the SDU when their safety or security is "at risk", such as the Ambassadors of the United Kingdom, United States and Israel in Dublin.^[37] This fleet includes Audi A6, BMW 5 Series, BMW 7 Series, Mercedes-Benz E-Class, Mercedes-Benz S-Class, Volvo S60 and Lexus GS. A fleet of armoured vehicles are deployed for visiting dignitaries, such as heads of state.

When the President or Taoiseach visits Northern Ireland, they are driven in armoured vehicles and security in their motorcade increases. The Garda SDU and ERU liaise with the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) Close Protection Unit (CPU) during visits to Northern Ireland.

Israel

The Prime Minister of Israel uses a fleet of Toyota Land Cruisers, Lexus IS 250, Audi A8^[38] and Volvo S80. The President of Israel uses a Volvo stretch limousine and Audi A8.

Italy

In 1960 the then President of Italy, Giovanni Gronchi, personally ordered custom-built Lancia Flaminia limousines for a state visit by Queen Elizabeth II. Four Lancia Flaminia 355 Presidenziale were delivered, coachbuilt by Pininfarina with landaulet body on an extended wheelbase. All of the original four cars survive today, with two being leased to different automobile museums and two still in service for most solemn state occasions, like the Republic Day parade or presidential inaugurations.^{[39] [40]}

Sandro Pertini drove a Maserati Quattroporte III during his tenure.

The current presidential cars are two identical armoured Lancia Thesis, with a third unarmoured one kept as backup. In 2012 a fourth armoured Thesis was delivered by Lancia. A Lancia Thesis Stola S85 limousine and three Maserati Quattroporte are at the disposal of visiting foreign presidents.^[41]

There is also a curious three-wheeled Piaggio Ape Calessino, in service at the presidential summer residence Villa Rosebery and therefore rarely seen. It was donated in 2008 by Roberto Colaninno, head of Piaggio industries, on the 60th anniversary of both the Italian Constitution and Calessino. Its blue livery is decorated with the emblem of the Presidency of the Italian Republic, while the interior is trimmed in wood and white leather.

The government fleet includes a varied array of vehicles, notably Alfa Romeo 159 and 166, Audi A6 and A8, Bentley Continental Flying Spur, BMW 5 Series and 7 Series, Lancia Thesis and Lancia Thema, Maserati Quattroporte V and VI, Mercedes-Benz W212 and W221 models.

Jamaica

The Governor-General of Jamaica and the Prime Minister of Jamaica are both driven in a Mercedes-Benz W221 bearing the Jamaican flag and the standard of that office. The Governor-General's car carries license plate is "GG1"; whilst the Prime Minister's car carries government plates (yellow plate with black letters). Ministers generally use a gray Toyota Prado or Mitsubishi Pajero, bearing either government plates or civilian plates with tags.

Previous vehicles used by holders of these offices include:

• Dark Blue BMW 5 Series.
• Black Mercedes Benz S600.

Japan

The official state car currently used by the Emperor of Japan and the Empress of Japan is a specially prepared Toyota Century Royal, a one-off $500,000 custom car. Custom built by Toyota, it is 20 feet (6.1 m) long and 6.5 feet (2.0 m) wide, with extra amenities such as bulletproofing and a granite entryway.^[42] The Emperor was previously transported in multiple vehicles including a Nissan Prince Royal (1967–2008), Cadillac Series 75 (1951–1970), Mercedes-Benz 770 W07 Series (1932–1968), Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost (1921–1936) and a Daimler (1913–1927). From 1935 to 1963, the royal household also possessed a fleet of five 1935 Packard Eights, one of which was Emperor Hirohito's personal car during that period.The Prime Minister of Japan travels in a Lexus LS 600h L,^[43] the official transport for the head of government, or an unmodified Toyota Century escorted by a police motorcade of numerous Toyota Celsiors

Kenya

The President of the Republic of Kenya has several official cars that he uses during his travels. The most common one that he uses is an armoured Mercedes Benz Pullman S600 with the Kenyan coat of arms instead of the licence plate. The other fleet he normally uses from time to time includes an armoured Range Rover Vogue, armoured Toyota Landcruiser and several other Mercedes-Benz's at his disposal. Additionally, he has an open top military Land Cruiser, covered with bullet proof glass on the side, used during state functions with licence plates CIC (Commander In Chief). For a long time an open top military Land Rover 109 was used during state ceremonies but it was retired by the Land Cruiser. His escort includes several Mercedes-Benz E-classes, BMW 5 series, a Range Rover, Toyota Landcruisers and an ambulance. Cabinet ministers are supplied with Volkswagen Passats, Mercedes Benz E & S – classes and Toyota Landcruisers in addition to other vehicles in the ministerial car pool. The Prime Minister in office from 2008–2013 was equipped with similar vehicles to the president; Mercedes-benz limousines, Range Rovers and Landcruisers, however, he had a substantially smaller escort.

Kuwait

The Emir of Kuwait uses a BMW 7-series or Mercedes-Benz S-Class on a daily basis. His motorcade consists of three identical cars escorted by Chevrolet Suburbans and marked police vehicles. For state occasions he uses a Rolls-Royce.

Laos

The daily transport of the president of Laos is a Toyota Crown. Prime Minister official cars include Mercedes Vito and Toyota Crown, while Politburo members travel in Audi A6 (C6).

Cabinet ministers and vice minister official cars is Toyota Camry (XV40) and Toyota Corolla respectively. Visiting heads of state or government are chauffeured in a Toyota Crown.

Latvia

The President of Latvia travels in a Mercedes-Benz S500, with the coat of arms of Latvia as the number plate and front mounted Latvian flag.

Most Latvian Parliament members use Volvo 900 series, Audi A6 and Mercedes-Benz E-Class cars, but also Volvo S80, Volvo S70 and other luxury sedans are in use.

Lebanon

The president's car is a W221 Mercedes-Benz S600Guard armoured limousine and it is escorted by the Republican Guard's SUVs and other security vehicles including the preceding official state car, an armoured W140 S600 now possibly used as a back up limo.^{[44][45][46][47]}

Liberia

The current President of Liberia is driven in a black Mercedes-Benz W220 S-class. The presidential car is often escorted by several Nissan SUVs carrying security personnel. Previous presidents, such as Charles Taylor and Samuel Doe, were also driven in Mercedes-Benz. Some claim that Doe had purchased over 60 luxury Mercedes, which cost over US$60,000 each.

Lithuania

The first official Lithuania state car was bought in 1919 from war-losing Germany. It was a Benz 25/55PS with four cylinder, 6.3 liter engine. The car had a Vytis symbol on the left back door and Lithuania flags in the front. The car was used by Antanas Smetona and Aleksandras Stulginskis. Later Lithuania bought a French-made Delauney-Belleville 12 CV which was used along with Benz 25/55PS by third Lithuania president Kazys Grinius. After that Antanas Smetona became president of Lithuania again and ordered to buy a new car – Fiat 519, however soon it was replaced with armored Lincoln K-series due to his wife wishes. None of these cars remained until nowadays. After the restoration of Lithuania independence, leader of The Supreme Council, Vytautas Landsbergis used Soviet-built Čaika M14, after some time it was replaced with armored Opel Senator. Later Lithuania bought armored Mercedes-Benz W126, which was used by Vytautas Landsbergis and Algirdas Brazauskas. The car is now owned by businessman Robertas Dargis. During Algirdas Brazauskas term of office, two brand-new Audi V8 Lang arrived, later they were replaced with newer version Audi A8 Lang. Valdas Adamkus was driven in a long-wheel base BMW 7 for a short amount of time, however later it was replaced with Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W220), which was used until 2013.^[48] In 2013, four armoured BMW 7 (F01) was purchased.^[49]

Luxembourg

The grand-duke and family are driven in Audi A8. For official occasions like state visits and royal weddings there is a Daimler DS420 and also a Bentley Mulsanne. Most of the royal cars are dark blue.

Macau

The Chief Executive of Macau is driven in a fleet of government vehicles with special plates reserved for government officials. The fleet consists of European cars, namely Mercedes-Benz, Audi or Volvo.

Macedonia

The Prime Minister of Macedonia is driven in an armoured Mercedes-Benz S-Class and escorted by four Skoda Yeti.

Malaysia

Royal heads of state

The Yang di-Pertuan Agong travels in either a stretched red Bentley Arnage, a dark-blue Bentley Continental Flying Spur, or black Maybach 62.

All the Sultans in Malaysia are also transported in official cars bearing their respective royal emblems; common choices include Rolls-Royce Phantom and Mercedes-Benz S-Class, BMW 7 Series, Lexus LS and Maybach 62.

Prime Minister

Under the guidelines of Malaysia's automotive policies, cars for use by federal and state government officials are required to be of national makes^[50] primarily Proton.

The Prime Minister uses a stretched Proton Perdana which features classified security measures to protect occupants of the vehicle.^[51]

Malawi

The former President of Malawi, Bingu wa Mutharika, was driven in an armored Black Mercedes Benz S Class, a Toyota Land Cruiser or Range Rover, the security features remain a state secret. The President traveled in a motorcade of four Hummer H3 and eight escort motorcycles, along with police cars.

Malta

Among the presidential cars are a pair of Vanden Plas Princess limousines, one dating from 1960 and the other, a convertible, from 1955. Both remain in use for state visits and similar occasions; they were originally imported and used by the British Governor of Malta.^[52]

Mauritius

The Prime Minister of The Republic of Mauritius uses an armored [BMW 7 Series] on a daily basis. He is escorted by one[BMW 5 Series] and five police motorcycles. The President of the Republic of Mauritius uses a [BMW 750Li]. She is escorted by a [BMW 5 Series] and at least two police motorcycles.

Mexico

The President and First Lady of Mexico both possess a fleet of 30 armoured Chevrolet Suburban, managed by the Estado Mayor Presidencial.

Moldova

The President, the Prime Minister, and the Speaker of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova have three long-wheelbase Mercedes Benz S500s at their disposal, all of which were purchased in 2012 and are operated by the State Protection and Guard Service. The vehicles are not armoured.

Morocco

The King of Morocco, Muhammad VI Normally, when inside Morocco he uses his Mercedes 600 Pullman. The royal fleet also includes Range Rover models (when he goes to mountainous places only), Mercedes-Benz S500 and various Lexus models. One BMW 5-series, which travels in the King’s motorcade, contains a communications jammer. An ambulance is always present in the royal motorcade, which is usually escorted by police motorcycles.

The Prime Minister of Morocco is driven in a Mercedes-Benz S-Class, like all other ministers. The King also has a personal garage, which consists of a lot of sports cars, including three Laraki Fulgura models, and an Aston Martin DB7.

Monaco

In 2011, Prince Albert II acquired a one off Lexus LS 600h L Landaulet hybrid sedan, making it his official state car.^[53] In addition, he owns a variety of eco friendly cars including a Lexus LS 600h, BMW Hydrogen 7, Toyota Prius, Lexus RX 400h, Fisker Karma, Tesla Roadster, and a limited production Venturi Fétish.^{[54][55][56][57][58]} He also owns a collection of vintage cars, which number over 100, and include prestigious models from Maserati, Jaguar, Mercedes, Rolls-Royce and Bentley.^[59]

Government and escorting security officials drive a fleet of Lexus LS 600h, BMW Motorcycles, and KTM for out riding.^[60]

Mongolia

The President of Mongolia uses a Mercedes Benz S-Class with number plate 0001, the Speaker of the Parliament a S-Class with number plate 0002 and the Prime Minister a S-Class with number plate 0003, all escorted by a traffic police car and either a Land Cruiser Series 100 or 200, all protected by the State Special Protection Agency. For trips to the countryside, either Toyota Land Cruiser Series 200 or Lexus LX570 are used.

Montenegro

The Prime Minister of Montenegro and senior state officials of Montenegro use a fleet of Audi limousines, notably the Audi A8 models, and lower ranked officials travel in Mercedes-Benz E-Class models. Mercedes M-Class, Volkswagen Passat are also seen. They are escorted by BMW 5s, and additional police Mercedes A-class and VW Golf 4 and VW Golf 5

The first state vehicles were a fleet of vehicles, unknown by model names, probably from Austria-Hungary, Germany, France, Russia and the United Kingdom. They were bought in the period 1908–1910 and most are seen in a 1910 Coronation video from an archive where Knyaz Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš was proclaimed King of Montenegro

Nepal

The President of Nepal, Bidhya Devi Bhandari uses a Mercedes Benz E-Class W210 Bullet Proof Car for her daily transport, while the Nepalese state car is an armoured stretched Jaguar XJ. The former Prime Minister of Nepal, Baburam Bhattarai used a Nepali-made Mustang bullet proof Max four-wheel drive. All the State Cars in Nepal are international standard giving all the facilities.

Netherlands

Royal Family

The first car to be owned by the Dutch royal family was a 1908 Renault, purchased by Prince Hendrik. In the years that followed, it would be joined by nine royal limousines from the Amsterdam carriage maker Spijker. Between 1925 and the late 1950s, the royal limousines were supplied by Cadillac, after which the royal household switched to the Ford Motor Company. However, in 1957 a customized Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith was commissioned by Queen Juliana and delivered in 1958.

The current official royal limousine is a custom built stretched Audi A8L model, to be used by King Willem Alexander. This stretched A8L is 45 cm longer compared to the normal A8L.^[61] A custom built stretch Volvo S80 limousine is still being used by the former Queen Beatrix. Other members of the royal family use different cars. Visiting heads of state are chauffeured in a stretched and armoured Cadillac DTS which replaced the 20-year-old Lincoln Town Car.

Other cars are a few non-stretched Volvo S80s and a V70, Audi A6 and A8 and Ford Focus, Mondeo and Galaxy for the royal household. The Royal Stables have also a Ford Scorpio Landaulet, a Mercedes W126 4-door convertible, and a blue coach and a blue Mercedes-Benz Viano and Volkswagen Crafter vip bus. The royal bodyguards are driving in Audi A6 models

All royal automobiles are painted in royal-blue, with standard Dutch number plates, as well as a plate beginning with AA, a special designation for the royal household. Other vehicles used by the royal family are Audi or Mercedes. Of course the members of the royal family also have private vehicles for their own use. King Willem-Alexander has owned a red Volvo XC90. The late Prince Bernhard, the former Queen’s father had a collection of Ferraris, and other exotic cars.

Dutch government

The Prime Minister of the Netherlands uses an armoured Mercedes-Benz S-Class and sometimes an Audi A6. Previously, an armoured BMW 7-Series was used. Both cars are owned by the Royal and Diplomatic Security Service (DKDB).

New Zealand

The Governor-General travels in a Long wheel base BMW 7 Series (F02). Although this vehicle has been debadged, it is most likely a 730Ld as are all other state BMWs. However while all other state BMWs are Silver, the Governor-General's BMW is black. Between 2011 and 1996, the Governor General used a Jaguar XJ Sovereign.^[62] Before 1996, he or she traveled in a Rolls-Royce Phantom VI.^[63] During official travel it is the only vehicle in the country not required to use standard number plates.^[64] The official flag of the Governor General is flown on the car in which he/she is travelling. The Queen of New Zealand, Elizabeth II, has her own flag, which is used when she is travelling in the country, but there are no specific cars reserved for her use.

From the 1960s up until 2011, The Prime Minister used to travel in one of two cars, one being a Holden Statesman/Caprice sedan or Ford Fairlane, usually followed by the other vehicle containing their security detail. The Prime Minister's Wellington-based car has the number plate CR1, and all other cars in the fleet for Ministers have number plates starting in the CR series. The main motorcade vehicles consist of Toyota Highlanders operated by the New Zealand Police Diplomatic Protection Service. The estimated purchase price per unit is NZ$69,900^[65][66] In 2011 the Government upgraded the ministerial fleet with 34 new BMW F02 730Ld limousines.^[67] The retiring fleet was kept on for use during the 2011 Rugby World Cup. In October 2014 it was announced the BMW limousines were to be replaced,^[68] however many of the 2011 Models remain in service. The Prime Minister still uses a 2011 model, even though other ministers use 2014 models.

Nicaragua

The President of Nicaragua uses a Mercedes-Benz G-Class. In the past, the Somoza family used several luxury cars during their 43 years in the presidency. A Mercedes-Benz Type 300 was used for official ceremonies. Others were Mercedes-Benz and Cadillac limousines.

Nigeria

The President of Nigeria and other high-profile government officials use a black armored Mercedes Benz S-Class 2012 adorned with the Nigerian flag and official party flag. Other luxury cars, like the BMW 730Ld and the Range Rover, all armoured, are used. The President travels in a motorcade of 30 cars and ten escort motorcycles, along with police cars and 6 Mercedes S-550 of SSS surrounding the president's car. Foreign visitors also travel along in the president's car.

North Korea

In North Korea (DPRK), most frequently used for state events are the Mercedes-Benz 600 Landaulets. DPRK owns two, originally bought by Kim Il-sung (the Great Leader) in the late 1960s, but also used occasionally by both Kim Jong-il (the Dear Leader) and Kim Jong-un (usually now styled the Supreme Leader). Daimler-Benz made fifty-nine 600 Landaulets, twelve with a longer convertible roof which (while not an official factory designation) are usually referred to as presidential landaulets. Both the DPRK's 600s have the longer roof.

Besides Mercedes-Benz 600, Kim Jong-un is also reportedly using the Range Rover Supercharged.^[69]

In addition, North Korean government officials are also known to drive various Mercedes and Lexus vehicles, mainly the Mercedes-Benz E-Class and Lexus GS.

Norway

The King and Queen uses a 2016 Audi A8 L Extended (known as A2) for formal use, and a streched Mercedes E-Class (Binz Business) (known as A7) as HM Queen's private limousine. The Crown Prince and Crown Princess, uses a Lexus LS 600h limousine, acquired in early 2008.^[70] The Royal Family of Norway also uses a 2007 Audi A8, an E65 and an E67 BMW 7 Series, an vintage 1966 Lincoln Continental convertibal (A5), a couple of stretched Cadillac Deville (Superior Commercial Glass) and a couple of stretched Volvo S80 (Nilsson). The BMWs are often driven by the King and Queen.

The Prime Minister of Norway uses an armoured 2015 Mercedes S600 L. The Prime Minister of Norway are escorted by BMW X5s driven by agents of the SMK and the Norwegian Police Service.

Various governmental ministers are transported in an Audi A8, a Mercedes S-class or a BMW 7-series.

Oman

Sultan Qaboos drives around the country in the following cars:

• 2 Maroon colored 2007 model Mercedes S-Class pullman.
• 4 Red colored 2003 model Mercedes S600 pullman.
• 4 Maybach 62

In addition to this, his garage contains:

• Several Rolls-Royces
• A line of Lamborghinis
• A couple of Ferraris, SRTs and Aston Martins
• More than 20 Mercedes
• Up to 10 BMWs

Pakistan

The President and Prime Minister of Pakistan both have armoured Mercedes-Benz W222 cars. Both the PM and the President travel in a motorcade with up to seven decoy components, each component exactly identical – one traffic police car escorting the flag-bearing armored Mercedes followed by a Toyota Land Cruiser with electronic jamming devices, and two other Land Cruisers of guards. The head and tail of the overall motorcade is usually protected by many rapid response police vehicles. The motorcade is escorted by at least half a dozen traffic motorbikes, and is trailed by a military ambulance and a firefighting truck. When the PM and President travel out of city, the motorcades are additionally escorted by further vehicles of the local police. The convoy comprises 20 to 100 vehicles, depending on the location and destination.

The government of Pakistan has also arranged for armoured cars equipped with jamming devices for the Senate Chairman and Speaker of the National Assembly. The Pakistan Foreign Ministry also operates up to 10 of these identical armoured cars which are used to transport VIPs and visiting heads of state. Politicians are also seen in Toyota Land Cruisers. Former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto was assassinated in a Toyota Land Cruiser while campaigning for re-election.

Latest reports suggest that the Prime Minister, Nawaz Sharif has recently acquired two BMW 760Li High Security sedans, which cost PKR 119.742 million and PKR 124.995 million respectively. The Cabinet Division’s Central Pool of Car (CPC), BMW 750Li High Security and 760Li High Security. Both of them were certified with BRV 2009 and VR7 ballistics protection. The non-transparent sections have been certified as having VR9 levels of protection. This is the first set of cars to be granted such high levels of security. It included undercarriage Armour, 6 cm safety glazing at multi-layer laminated glass it was told that the import duties and taxes had been exempted from the price of the cars.

Pakistan's Members of the National Assembly have government maintained Toyota Corollas.

Panama

The President of Panama uses a black armored Chevrolet Suburban. The Ford Explorer and the Toyota Land Cruiser are use for the Institutional Protection Service (S.P.I.) as escort presidential motorcade and 400cc motorcycles. High-security motorcades may include up to ten vehicles.

Peru

The President of Peru is driven in a black armored Lexus LS 460hL. In May 2015, the Lexus was chosen by the president Humala as the official brand of the Government of Peru.

Before used a black Mercedes Benz S600 and also a black armored Hongqi (Red Flag) HQ430 which was donated by China.

The Prime Minister of Peru and the other Ministers are driven in Lexus.

Philippines

The President of the Philippines uses two black, bulletproof Mercedes Benz W221. When travelling in a motorcade or convoy, the President is always escorted by the Presidential Security Group in a number of black Nissan Patrol. These high-security motorcades involve as many as 25 vehicles, but the actual number is dependent on the destination.

Presidential cars are registered and bear the licence plate number "1", while the National Flag and the Presidential Standard are mounted on the bonnet. Occasionally, the President boards a Toyota Coaster, Mitsubishi Rosa or Nissan Civilian during provincial trips.

The Presidential convoy may consist of the Presidential Car, a backup car (either a second Mercedes Benz W221 (S600 Guard) or a Hyundai Equus), five to six black Nissan Patrol vans, two Toyota Fortuners, two to four Chevrolet Suburbans, a Ford E-150 ambulance, up to four police vehicles (Toyota Corolla Altis or Toyota Vios) and about eight to a dozen motorcycle escorts.

President Benigno Aquino III prefers to use his personal vehicles (a Toyota Land Cruiser or Lexus LX570) instead of the official fleet, and observes regular traffic rules, such as stopping at a red traffic light. He also does not use sirens when travelling in convoy. His successor, Rodrigo Duterte, also prefers to utilize his personal pick-up truck as his official presidential vehicle.^[71]

The Vice President of the Philippines uses a Mercedes Benz W140 S-Class, with almost the same number of vehicles as in the presidential security convoy. The Presidential Security Group is also responsible for the Vice-President's security detail.^[72]

Commonwealth Pres. Manuel Quezon used a 1937 Chrysler Airflow Custom Imperial CW as the first presidential car. Pres. Jose P. Laurel used a 1942 Packard 180 limousine. Commonwealth Pres. Sergio Osmeña used a 1941 Cadillac Series 61. After the American colonial period, President Manuel Roxas used a 1940 Cadillac Fleetwood Series 75, which was also used by his successors. A 1946 Packard Clipper was used by Vice Presidents Elpidio Quirino and Fernando López. When Quirino assumed the presidency, he used a 1953 Chrysler Imperial limousine, whereas Pres. Ramon Magsaysay used a Cadillac Fisher Fleetwood Series 75. Pres. Ferdinand Marcos used a Mercedes Benz 600 and a Lincoln Continental Signature Series. Pres. Corazon Aquino used a Mercedes-Benz W124 sedan. Pres. Fidel Ramos used a Mercedes-Benz 500 SEL Guard. Pres. Joseph Estrada used a Mercedes-Benz S600. Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo used a Mercedes-Benz S600 Pullman.

Portugal

The President of Portugal is usually driven in an armoured Mercedes S600, in a E67 BMW 760 Li or in a Mercedes-Benz E Class 250 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY.^[73]

The Prime Minister of Portugal is driven in a Mercedes-Benz S350 BlueTec, in a Volkswagen Phaeton 5.0 V10 TDI or in an electric car, Nissan Leaf.

Poland

The President of Poland uses an armoured E67 BMW 760 Li and Audi A8L

Romania

The President of Romania rides in his Mercedes-Benz S-Class, escorted by a motorcade consisting of black BMW 5 Series (E60) models.^[74]

Russia

The President of Russia is usually seen in an armoured Mercedes S-Class^[75] stretched limousine as his car. The first such model, a W140 variant, was purchased for Boris Yeltsin and has been superseded by a W221 model. The limousine is bulletproof, has solid rubber tires, and carries an array of communications equipment.^[76] On state visits, it is airlifted to the destination using an Il-76.

Historically, presidents Yeltsin and Medvedev were driven in Mercedes-Benz S-Class limousines stretched and armored by the Belgian Carat Duchatelet, while President Putin prefers Mercedes-Benz Guard limousines. For President Medvedev's inauguration a special Carat Duchatelet limousine with raised roof was ordered.

The presidential motorcade will usually be escorted by police motorcycle outriders and a series of support vehicles including, but not limited to, the Mercedes G-Class, Mercedes E-Class, standard S-Class models, Mercedes SLK-Class, BMW 5-Series and Volkswagen Caravelle.

Under the USSR, the General Secretary of the Communist Party was always driven in a Soviet-built ZIL-41047,^[77] escorted by Chaika models. Two of the Zil limousines are still maintained in the Kremlin garage and occasionally seen in use by the military parades on the Day of Victory.^[78]

A new car, Kortezh, is being rolled out in late 2017 to 2020, as the new Russian made state car.^[79]

Serbia

The President of Serbia uses an armoured Mercedes-Benz S-Class W221 (S 600 Guard) with B6/B7 resistance level,^[80] escorted by two Mercedes-Benz E-Class W212 models.^[81]

Singapore

The President of Singapore usually travels in a white 2010 Mercedes Benz S350L. When travelling to official events such as the National Day Parade, the car displays the Presidential crest in place of a license plate. Normally, it carries the plate SEP1.

The Prime Minister usually travels in a white 2013 Lexus LS460L. The President, Prime Minister and Speaker of Parliament are the only political appointees to be given official cars. All other ministers of the cabinet travel in their personal cars.

The State also maintains a small number of state cars for the transport of visiting dignitaries. These cars carry car plates bearing a single S prefix, following by a single digit and no suffix. (E.g. S1, S2, S3). Some of the cars used include an armoured Audi Security A8 W12, as well as a BMW 750iL.

Slovakia

The President of Slovakia uses various vehicles from the Office for the Protection of Constitutional Officials and Diplomatic Missions which has more than 230 cars for the president, prime minister, ministers and state visits. For state visits the president uses an armored Mercedes Benz Pullman, for normal driving one of the 230 cars (armored Audi A8, Mercedes-Benz S-Class, BMW 7 Series, Volkswagen Phaeton, Range Rover, BMW X5, Škoda Superb and other vehicles.

Slovenia

Slovenian president Borut Pahor and Prime Minister Alenka Bratušek use Audi A8 (extra-stretched version), while their security officers use BMWs X5 as protection vehicles. Speaker of Parliament and ministers are mostly driven in Audis A6 or A8, apart Minister of Defence who uses BMW X5.

Somalia

The President of Somalia is driven in various state-owned armored vehicles. A Nissan Patrol often leads the motorcade, which is guarded by the presidential corps. Instead of a number plate, it features the flag of Somalia. A similar vehicle is used by the Prime Minister of Somalia.

South Africa

The President of South Africa is driven in an armored BMW 7 Series or on occasion a Mercedes-Benz S-Class. A similar car is used by the Deputy President of South Africa.

The presidential motorcade is composed of numerous GOLF 7R, Jeep Grand Cherokee, BMW 3 series and Mercedes-Benz ML-Class models, followed by a number of Mercedes-Benz V-Class and police cars.

South Korea

The President of South Korea often rides in an armored Hyundai Equus VL500(550) limousine, 3 of which were provided in 2009 by Hyundai Motors. These are the first vehicles manufactured in South Korea to be secured from the factory at a level approaching that of BMW or Mercedes-Benz factory limousines. The president also uses 2008-model Mercedes-Benz W221 Pullman Guard.^[82]

Previously, the President rode in an armoured BMW 7 Series limousine which was purchased in 2005. Before that a 2002-model Mercedes-Benz W220 was used, the late president Roh Moo-hyun used it during peace talks with North Korea. The presidential motorcade is escorted by Chevrolet Tahoe, Chevrolet Suburban and Ford Excursion, also with several identical Mercedes-Benz W220s.

The late president Kim Dae-jung used an armored BMW 740iAL, offered by BMW Korea, for his state visit to Mongolia in June 1999.^[83]

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs keeps an armored Cadillac DTS limousine by Alpine Armoring^[84] and an armored Hyundai Equus limousine^[85] for foreign dignitaries. Each vehicle was acquired between 2010 and 2011.

Spain

Royal Family

The Spanish Royal Family enjoys one of the largest fleets of cars in Spain. Various armoured vehicles are used by the family, including Audi A6s, Mercedes-Benz S-Class models and the exclusive Rolls-Royce Phantom IV utilized in ceremonial occasions. Only 18 of the latter were ever built, all being reserved for royalty or heads of state. Three were ordered by the Government of Spain for the use of General Franco and are now available for use by the Spanish Royal Family; they belong to the Spanish Army. One is a landaulette and the other two are limousines. A special order was placed on the marriage of the then-Prince of Asturias (now King Felipe VI) when a Phantom IV was rebuilt to include armoured protection. Modifications included heavy-duty air conditioning and a special glazed armoured bubble to protect the rear passengers. The modifications cost over €360,000.

The Spanish Royal Family uses mainly Mercedes-Benz S600 models for its official transport, with BMW 5-Series (2007–2008) cars as escort vehicles. The motorcade is composed of around 15 cars. The personal cars of the former King Juan Carlos I are a specially customised Maybach 57 S^[86] and an Audi RS6^[87]

Spanish government

The Prime Minister of Spain and Deputy Prime Minister of Spain both use Audi vehicles. The premier's Audi A8L was purchased in March 2005 shortly after retiring the former A8 used by PM José María Aznar. The vehicle, which then cost the Spanish government well over 380,000 Euros (approx. $520,000 USD), is said to be equipped with the latest features, runflats, level B7+ armouring, satellite communications and various special items that are kept secret by the Spanish officials. The fleet has been renovated and now includes various new Audi A8L, Mercedes-Benz S600 and A6s, although former prime minister, Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero wanted to swap those cars for the hybrid Toyota Prius to save fuel oil.

Sri Lanka

The President of Sri Lanka is driven in an armored Black Mercedes-Benz S-Class (Guard) or armored Black BMW 7 Series escorted by a selection of marked and unmarked President's Security Division vehicles. During official travel it is the only vehicle in the country not required to use standard number plates. The official flag of the President is flown on the car in which he/she is travelling.

The Prime Minister of Sri Lanka is driven in a Black Mercedes-Benz S-Class (Guard) escorted by Prime Minister's Security Division vehicles. The general practice remains that the out going President will take the vehicles used in his or her term for use in retirement and the incoming President will purchase new ones. Same applies to the Prime Minister if he or she moves on to the post of Leader of the Opposition.

Sweden

The current official car of the King of Sweden is a stretched Volvo S80, escorted by the Swedish Security Service in BMW X5, BMW 5-Series and Mercedes-Benz E-Class models. For official occasions like state visits there is an Daimler DS420. There are also a number of different cars in the Royal Stables, which are used on special occasions. The first royal motor car in Sweden was a Daimler bought in 1899 for Crown Prince Gustaf.^[88]

The Prime Minister of Sweden and other Cabinet Ministers are chauffeured around in an armored BMW 7 Series and several BMW X5s, also escorted by the Swedish Security Service.

Taiwan

The President of the Republic of China has historically travelled in Cadillac sedans, reflecting the ROC's close relations with the United States. Former President Chiang Kai-shek's two armored Cadillacs are on exhibition in the Lincoln Memorial-like National Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall in the capital city of Taipei.

Former President Chen Shui-bian discontinued the use of the Cadillac DeVille, preferring a Lincoln in his first term and a BMW 7-Series in his second term. Former president Ma Ying-jeou used four BMW F03 750Lis, usually escorted by two BMW R1200RTs police bikes, one BMW E65 750i, and two BMW F10 5-Series police cars (one at the front and one at the end).

From 2016, current president Tsai Ing-wen uses a Audi A8 L Security.^[89]

Thailand

Royal family

King Bhumibol Adulyadej travels in a Maybach 62 with special plates, with police motorcycle outriders, and an escort of Mercedes S-Class (W222) and BMW 5-Series (F10) police cars. He usually travels in different cars. Most of them are Mercedes S-Class (W222). The other models including Rolls-Royce Phantom VI, a Rolls-Royce Silver Spur stretch limousine, Rolls-Royce Silver Spur Park Ward, Lexus LS460L, BMW 7-Series (E38 and E67), BMW 5-Series (E60), Cadillac DTS stretch limousine, Volkswagen Caravelle T5 TDi, and Mercedes E55 AMG (W211). All of the royal cars are ivory coloured.

Queen Sirikit mostly travels by Cadillac DTS stretch limousine and modified Volkswagen Caravelle T4 TDi.

Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn usually travels by Rolls-Royce cars. These Rolls-Royces used to be the king's official cars. The Rolls-Royce collection includes a Rolls-Royce Phantom V, Rolls-Royce Phantom VI, Rolls-Royce Silver Spur stretch limousine.

Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn usually travels by BMW 760Li (E667), Lexus LS600hL, and Mercedes S-Class (W221 & W222). For unofficial royal journeys she travels in modified Mercedes Viano.

Other royal family members mostly travel by Mercedes S-Class (W221 and W222), ivory colored, for official journeys, with motorcycle escort. A tourist during the early 1990s has confirmed that a mid-1980s Chevrolet Suburban (presumably a 1985 model) is used by the security detail of the Crown Prince.

Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn has a large collection of cars, including many classic models. Many vehicles formerly belonged to the king, and a few modern cars such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW, and Cadillac.

Princess Bajarakitiyabha sometimes drives herself in a red Mini Cooper S and a lime-green Volkswagen New Beetle with the motorcade.

There are also royal cars in convertible form for royal ceremonies, such as a Rolls-Royce Corniche and a Cadillac DTS (the hard top was transformed into a convertible top).

On official royal journeys, there are a group of more than 45 cars in the motorcade including: Mercedes S-Class (W220, W221, and W222), Mercedes E-class (W210 and W211), BMW 7 Series (E38), BMW 5 Series (E39 and E60), and Mercedes S-Class (W221-W222), Mercedes Vito, and BMW 5 Series used as police cars in ivory color.

For unofficial royal journeys, the cars in the motorcade are a group of about 15 cars including: BMW 7 Series (E38), BMW 5 Series (E39 and E60), Mercedes S-Class (W221 and W222), Mercedes E-class (W210 and W211) Honda Accord Toyota Camry, and Nissan Teana. These cars are all ivory coloured.

The Bureau of The Royal Household also has its own vehicles. These cars are mostly Nissan Teana, BMW 5 Series (E39 and E60), Mercedes S-Class (W220, W221, and W222) and Mercedes E-Class (W210 and W211). These cars are painted in ivory.

The royal department has several type of cars, Honda City V+, Toyota Corolla Altis 1.6G, and Toyota Camry 2.0G. Mostly they are painted white, with the registration plate beginning with ดส-xxxx BKK.

Thai Prime Minister

In March 2016, Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha was the recipient of two new armoured Mercedes-Benz S600 Guard sedans, worth 19.5 million baht each. They were among four new luxury armoured cars, costing 78 million baht total, procured by the Secretariat of the Prime Minister. One was equipped with licence plate 4 Kor Dor 29 (4กต 29), the other with 4 Kor Tor 29 (4กท 29). One will serve as Gen Prayut's car for daily use with one as backup. Another two S600 Guard sedans are reserved for high-profile foreign visitors. Gen Prayut's position entitles him to an armored van, which he sometimes uses.^[90] He travels by Volkswagen Caravelle on some occasions.

Thai ministers mostly travel in Mercedes S-Class, Toyota Alphard, Volkswagen Caravelle, and Jaguar XJs.

Tonga

For official travel, the King uses Humber Pullman with body Landaulette, released in 1949. Previous King George Tupou V traveled around the country in the classic Black Cab Austin FX4.

Trinidad and Tobago

The President and Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago each use a black, armoured, 2008 Toyota Crown. It carries the license plate with a gold coat of arms for the President and PM-1 for the Prime Minister. Each motorcade also includes a decoy car, two police motorcycles, two 2008 Toyota Land Cruisers as support vehicles and a leading Toyota Camry police vehicle.^[91]

Turkey

Most senior politicians use Mercedes-Benz automobiles. The President of Turkey and the Prime Minister of Turkey use Mercedes-Benz S-Class models.

President Rauf Denktas of the Turkish Republic of North Cyprus, had a red BMW 750 Li with gold crests replacing the number plate.

Uganda

Ugandan Presidents have usually preferred to ride in European cars. Sir Edward Mutesa, first president of Uganda, drove in a 1960s Rolls-Royce. All succeeding ones drove in black Mercedes Benz limousines.

President Yoweri Museveni drove in black Mercedes cross country and 600 SEL stretch Limos up to the mid-1990s. His convoy now consists of a Toyota Landcruiser 200 presidential car. The Presidency has ceremonial cars that include a stretch 600 SEL mercedes, and a white G Wagon. Escorts travel on double cabin pick up trucks and Mitsubishi Pajero models.

Ukraine

The President of Ukraine uses an armoured Mercedes-Benz S-Class and an armoured Volkswagen Phaeton Model 2011 in a V12 long version, and for the Motorcade armoured Porsche Cayenne by Centigon.

United Kingdom

Bentley State Limousine

The British royal family has a long history of bespoke limousines stretching back to Daimler models owned by King Edward VII. On state occasions, Queen Elizabeth II usually travels in one of two armoured Bentley State Limousines. Delivered in 2002 to commemorate the Queen's Golden Jubilee, these custom-built vehicles are based on the Bentley Arnage floorplan, with a twin-turbocharged 6.75 litre V8 engine that produces 400 horsepower (300 kW) and 616 pound-feet (835 N·m) of torque, giving a maximum speed of 130 miles per hour (210 km/h). The state limousine is 3 feet (0.91 m) longer than a standard Bentley Arnage, 10 inches (250 mm) taller and 6 inches (150 mm) wider. It is equipped with broad suicide doors, which are hinged at the rear and open almost 90 degrees. The car also has opaque rear window panels that can be removed to allow increased visibility when the occupant is attending a public event or installed for increased privacy when required.^[92][93]

Other state cars

The Royal Mews at Buckingham Palace has a rare Rolls-Royce Phantom IV, which was purchased by Princess Elizabeth in 1950, and became a state car upon her accession to the throne as Queen Elizabeth II in 1952. There are also two Rolls-Royce Phantom VI models, including the bespoke Silver Jubilee Car, with a raised roof for enhanced visibility, presented by the British motor industry in 1977, as well as a standard model from 1986.

The fleet is augmented by two stretched Jaguar XJ limousines, acquired in 2012; sometimes referred to as "semi-state" limousines, these carry registration plates (NGN 1 and NGN 2) and have been adapted with fittings for a bonnet mascot and roof flag. The Jaguars replaced a pair of 1992 Daimler DS420 limousines, which as of 2015 remain in use as backup to the main fleet for state occasions and foreign visits.

There is also a bespoke 2015 Range Rover for parades and other official rides; the Queen and other members of the Royal Family can stand up in the back for good visibility. This is the fourth in a series of 'Royal Review Vehicles' built for the Queen by Land Rover since 1953; it replaces a 2002 model which remains in use as the second royal review vehicle.^[94][95]

All these official royal cars are painted claret and black, and have a flagpole on the roof (or bonnet, in the Range Rover's case). As British law in general does not apply to the sovereign, the monarch's State vehicles do not possess registration plates (although the Jaguar and Daimler models do have them, as do the monarch's personal vehicles and those of other members of the Royal Family).

The state cars are sometimes used when the Queen is travelling abroad, and they are also made available for visiting heads of state and other members of the Royal Family on official business. One state car (commonly the rarely used Phantom IV model) is usually on display at the Royal Mews, Buckingham Palace, where the State vehicles are kept and maintained.

Former state cars

From the earliest years of the 20th century Daimler were invariably chosen as the monarch's state cars until the accession of Elizabeth II in 1952 (who began to use Rolls-Royce cars). Many of her predecessors' Daimlers are now on display at the royal motor museum, Sandringham House.

A 1954 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV State Landaulet (retired from the working fleet in the 1980s) is now on permanent loan to the Sir Henry Royce Memorial Foundation, Paulerspury; and a pair of 1961 Rolls-Royce Phantom V state cars (retired from the working fleet after the Bentleys were acquired in 2002) can be seen on public display, one in the purpose-built garage aboard the former Royal Yacht Britannia in Edinburgh (on loan from Bentley Motors Ltd), and the other at Sandringham.

Among vehicles displayed at British Motor Museum, Gaydon are former State Royal Review Vehicles including a 1954 Land Rover and a 1974 Range Rover.^[96]

A succession of Daimler limousines has been retained at the Mews through the present reign to serve as 'semi-state' or backup vehicles. A pair of 1969 Vanden Plas 4-Litre Princess Limousines served alongside the Daimlers from 1972 until the mid-1990s; one (NGN 1) is displayed at Sandringham, the other (NGN 2) is at Gaydon.

• 

  The first royal car: a 1900 6 hp Daimler owned by Edward VII (Sandringham).

• 

  1947 Daimler DE36 Landaulette (State Daimler of George VI).

• 

  1954 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV Landaulette (State Car 1954-c.1986)

• 

  State Land Rover (used as 'Royal Review Vehicle' 1954-1974)

• 

  1974 Range Rover formerly used as 'State Royal Review Vehicle'

• 

  1969 Vanden Plas 4-Litre Princess Limousine, Sandringham.

• 

  1969 Vanden Plas 4-Litre Princess Limousine, Gaydon.

The Prince of Wales

On formal occasions, The Prince of Wales is often seen in a claret and black 1962 Rolls-Royce Phantom V former Landaulet (registration plate NLT 1), which he inherited from Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother.^[97] On the evening of 9 December 2010, the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall were travelling in the Silver Jubilee Car to the Royal Variety Performance in London when it was attacked by student protesters; the couple were unhurt, but the car, which was not armoured, was spattered with paint and one of the side windows was smashed.^[98]

Personal vehicles of the royal family

For non-official journeys, the Queen will usually be driven in a dark green Bentley Mulsanne or in an armoured Jaguar XJ, similar to that used by the Prime Minister. This is escorted by the same vehicles as a state car. She also occasionally uses a Range Rover, particularly for visits to rural areas and events such as county shows. On visits to Balmoral and Sandringham, as portrayed in the film The Queen, she has been seen at the wheel of a Land Rover Defender. Her Majesty also owns a Rover P5, which is on permanent display at the British Motor Heritage Centre, Gaydon. The Duke of Edinburgh owns a Land Rover Discovery, a Land Rover Freelander and a MetroCab, the last of which he uses for trips around central London. The Duke sometimes drives a Land Rover Discovery around Windsor Great Park. Other members of the Royal Family are usually driven in Audi A6 or Range Rover models.

The Prince of Wales uses an armoured Bentley Turbo R, a Range Rover, a Jaguar XJ or an Audi A6. He also has an Aston Martin DB6 volante, and an Aston Martin V8 converted to run on biofuel made from surplus local white wine. His Jaguars, Audi and Range Rover use biodiesel made from recycled cooking oil.^[99]

The Princess Royal owns a Bentley Continental Flying Spur which she uses for official and private engagements.^[100]

The Duke of York uses a 2008 Bentley Arnage with a personalised number plate with the letters 'DOY'.^[101]

British government

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is usually driven in one of a fleet of armoured Jaguar XJ Sentinel models, escorted by Range Rover or Land Rover Discovery vehicles and police motorcycle outriders. David Cameron arrived at 10 Downing Street following his appointment in a silver 2010 X350 model, but took delivery of his new X351 on 13 May 2010.^[102]

Since the early-1980s, when Margaret Thatcher switched from the Rover P5 models that had been in use since the 1960s, all Prime Ministerial cars have been from the Jaguar XJ range of the day, or its Daimler-badged variant. For the first few months of his premiership in 2007, Gordon Brown reverted to the previous Prime Ministerial car, a navy blue (X308) model purchased in 2000, before starting to use the silver model.

The 2000 model replaced a British racing green X300 model, built for John Major, which gained international media attention when it bore Tony Blair to Buckingham Palace on the day after the 1997 general election. A British racing green X308 took Gordon Brown to Buckingham Palace on 6 April 2010 to request the dissolution of Parliament, but it was the 2000 model that took him on his last ride as Prime Minister.

All former prime ministers since 1975 have been provided with an armoured car, usually the same model as the current Prime Minister, along with police protection. As of 2014 John Major, Tony Blair and Gordon Brown were provided with cars. Blair also bought his own bespoke BMW 7-Series.^[103]

The British government maintains the Government Car and Despatch Agency which provides transport for senior government officials. In December 2008, the service took delivery of a fleet of armoured BMW 760Li models for use by senior dignitaries and visiting politicians.^[104] The service also uses vehicles from Jaguar, Land Rover, Ford and Vauxhall, while some ministers use Toyota Prius hybrid models.

British Virgin Islands

The current Governor of the British Virgin Islands is driven in a grey Royal Service Range Rover from Great Britain with a license plate symbolizing the Crown. He is usually driven by a Police Officer from the RVIPF (Royal Virgin Islands Police Force).

Cayman Islands

The Governor of the Cayman Islands is driven in a beige Cadillac DeVille sedan. Surmounted on the hood is the flag of the office, and instead of license plates the car has a crown on the front and back. It is likely that the car is armoured but this is not known for certain. Other senior officials and visiting VIPs use a fleet of armoured Ford Excursions.

United States of America

The President of the United States travels in a heavily armored, custom-built limousine, which is often referred to as Limo One, Cadillac One, or its less formal nickname of "The Beast." The vehicle is based on a GMC Topkick platform, and has the outward appearance of an enlarged Cadillac DTS limousine, with styling elements from other vehicles in the Cadillac lineup.

The Cadillac One is a 2009 model year. The vehicle features bulletproof windows, state-of-the-art communication and protection systems, a stowable desk, and a gas-proof chamber for defense against gas attacks. However, there is a new limo in the works, most likely a stretched and armored Cadillac CT6 or Escalade, likely to debut in inauguration day 2017.^[105]

On 24 May 2011, an earlier "Beast" failed to clear the driveway of the U.S. Embassy compound in Dublin, Ireland. Though President Barack Obama was the escorted official, he was in the second limo as the first noisily struck the pavement hump under the Embassy gate.^[106]

Unlike most other heads of state, with the occasional exception of the British Monarch and the President of Russia, the U.S. President is accompanied on all foreign and domestic trips by a full motorcade of U.S. government vehicles, including several presidential limousines, escort vehicles and a military ambulance, all of which are transported by the United States Air Force using C-17 Globemaster III aircraft. The U.S. vehicles are typically complemented with coaches, police vehicles, ambulances and limousines provided by local authorities.

Members of Congress have an allowance of $1,000 per month in which the government may cover the cost of a lease, not including mobile offices. The preferred car for members of Congress was the Lincoln Town Car until its discontinuation. Executive cars are the most common type of car for Congressmen. The two most popular cars for Congressmen are the Town Car's successors: the MKS and the MKT.^[107] U.S. State Governors and Cabinet officials were often driven in a Cadillac DTS, but the modern XTS is now standard. Almost all senior officials use the Chevrolet Suburban as an alternative form of transportation.

Puerto Rico

Current Gov. Alejandro García Padilla has chosen a black Chrysler 300^[108] from his government's pool of vehicles confiscated from criminals and sold to the Governor's office for a nominal $2,000. The former Governor of Puerto Rico used a Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid. Ford Expeditions, Toyota Sequoias, and Nissan Armadas are available in the fleet from previous administrations. As part of the current Governor's motorcade, two large black SUVs, one white Ford Crown Victorias and at least one police motorcycle are used. They carry standard Puerto Rico license plates. Former Governor Luis Fortuño's specialty plate had the "LGF-051" numeration.

Governor Luis Muñoz Marín (1949–1965) used an armored Packard given to him by President Harry S Truman, which is on exhibition at the Muñoz Marín Foundation Library and Museum. Governor Rafael Hernández Colón (1973–1977, 1985–1993) ordered an armored Ford station wagon for which he was severely criticized and, thus, rarely used.

Each sitting Governor has the right to change the gubernatorial fleet as he or she may see fit, for example, Pedro Rosselló used a Mercury Grand Marquis and a GMC Yukon, Sila Calderón used a Ford Expedition and sometimes, for special occasions, a Buick Park Avenue, while Aníbal Acevedo Vilá used Nissan Armadas. As a tradition full size cars were used but since the late 1990s, SUVs are being used.

Former Governors are entitled to an official vehicle, which is replaced every four years throughout their life.

Uruguay

The presidential state car of Uruguay is an armoured 2005 Chevrolet Vectra, purchased by president Tabaré Vázquez when his term in office began on March 1, 2005. Previously, the Uruguayan head of state traveled in a Mitsubishi Galant procured from the government's fleet of diplomatic vehicles.

As of August 2007, the presidential motor pool includes Mitsubishi Galants, Toyota Corollas, Volkswagen Ventos, and Rover 75s.

Municipal intendants of Uruguay are transported in armored Peugeot 607s.

After 2010, the official state car was no longer used. President Jose Mujica instead drives a Volkswagen Beetle.^[109]

Uzbekistan

The state limousines of Uzbekistan are two special ordered 2010 Range Rover Supercharged with bulletproof windows. Also, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan is transported by an armored Mercedes-Benz S-class which is escorted by other similar vehicles.

Vatican

The pope has several vehicles. Most famous is the custom-made white Mercedes-Benz M-Class with an armoured glass compartment at the back. When the pope goes to the weekly audience at Saint Peter's Square he uses a white open-top Mercedes-Benz G-Class. There is also an armoured Mercedes-Benz S-Class in the Vatican garage, and a custom-made Lancia Thesis. All the popemobiles and limousines have registration SCV 1. In September 2012 the Pope received an electrical custom-made Renault Kangoo for use around his Summer Residence Castel Gandolfo. The mini-van is white with the pope's crest on the door. There is a second electrical Kangoo, delivered in blue, for the Vatican Police.

As of September 2013 Pope Francis owns a 1984 Renault 4. It was given to him by its previous owner – Father Renzo Zocca, a priest in northern Italy.

In 2014, Pope Francis shunned the use of the armored vehicle and opted for open-air Popemobiles so he may get close to the people more. He used an open-air, custom-made Kia Popemobile during his apostolic visit to Korea. He also used the same Kia Popemobile and two (2) other glass-less Popemobiles during his visit in the Philippines in January 2015.

Venezuela

Hugo Chávez, president until his death in 2013, sometimes drove a red IKCO Samand badged Centauro, or in red or green a Tiuna truck accompanied with some ministers or governors or mayors, depending on the occasion when he travelled, usually with a high security personnel around, with a large convoy of armored SUV conformed by Ford Explorer, Chevrolet Suburban, Chevrolet Tahoe, Chevrolet Trailblazer, Chevrolet Express, Ford Expedition, Toyota 4Runner, Toyota Fortuner, Toyota Sequoia, Jeep Grand Cherokee, and an ambulance in case of any emergency, plus is escorted with the Presidential Guard that uses armored Toyota Land Cruiser (80&90 Series), the transit police and the Venezuelan National Guard motorcycle officers have the duty to escort the motorcade and to clear up the traffic.

Another fleet of vehicles includes a Cadillac Fleetwood that is used for national holidays like special parades, also the president used 3 armoured black (W211), these vehicles have license plates with the national emblem, but are used for special occasions or important meetings when Hugo Chávez met with other presidents. Another vehicle is an armored silver Lincoln Town Car used to transport the president's visitors from the Simón Bolívar International Airport of Maiquetia to the Palacio de Miraflores and back.

The vice president is usually driven in an armored Nissan Patrol with a motorcade of 4 or 5 SUV. Ministers usually travel in armored vehicles including Chevrolet Impala, Chevrolet Trailblazer, Chevrolet Tahoe, Jeep Grand Cherokee, Toyota 4Runner, Toyota Camry, Toyota Fortuner, Ford Fusion (Americas), Ford Explorer, Ford Expedition, also escorted by Venezuelan National Guard officers.

The last acquisition to the fleet is a Bentley Continental Flying Spur.^[110]

President Nicolas Maduro is driving a black Toyota 4Runner or a Ford Explorer often accompanied with the Venezuela Presidential Honor Guard motorcade with his assistants and ministers.

Vietnam

The President of Vietnam is driven in a Bentley Continental Flying Spur Speed.The Presidential Household has also two Mercedes-Benz S600 Pullman W221. Ministers usually travel in Mercedes-Benz S500, E500, Porsche Cayenne, Cadillac Escalade and BMW 7 Series limousine and Lexus LS 600h L . The Prime Minister use the new Mercedes-Benz S500 W222, all government cars have blue licences plates but some have white civil licence plate with a government placard behind the windshield.

Yugoslavia

President Josip Broz Tito, used a custom-built Mercedes-Benz 600 limo with removable top for most functions. Tito also had several luxury cars in his private motor pool collection, including: numerous Mercedes Benz models, including a 540k and 770k seized from Ante Pavelić after WWII, a Rolls-Royce Phantom V, and several Cadillac and Chevrolet models.^[111]

Zambia

As of July 2011 the President of Zambia was driven in an armoured Mercedes-Benz S600 Pullman limousine, escorted by 30 officers of the Zambia Police trained in diplomatic protection on BMW motorcycles and in six BMW 3 Series E93 cars. His motorcade also includes an ambulance at all times. For visits to rural areas the president uses an armoured Toyota Land Cruiser 100 Series.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Automobiles of heads of state.

• Air transports of heads of state and government
• Royal Train
• Royal Yacht
• Royal barge
• Royal and State carriages

References