Neoptera
| Neopterans Temporal range: Late Carboniferous–Recent | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Honeybee (order Hymenoptera) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Branch: | Metapterygota |
| Infraclass: | Neoptera |
Neoptera is a classification group that includes most part of the winged insects, specifically those that can flex their wings over their abdomens. This is in contrast with the more basal orders of winged insects (the "Palaeoptera" assemblage), which are unable to flex their wings in this way.
Classification
Originally, the taxon Neoptera was proposed by А.М. Martynov, in the following classification:[1]
- division Palaeoptera
- order Odonata
- order Agnatha (correct name: Ephemeroptera)
- †order Dictyoneuridea
- †order Megasecoptera
- †order Protodonata
- †order Protephemeroidea
- division Neoptera
- subdivision Polyneoptera
- superorder Orthopteroidea
- order Orthoptera (correct name: Saltatoria)
- order Plecoptera
- order Dermaptera
- order Embioptera
- superorder Blattopteroidea (senior name: Pandictyoptera)
- superorder Orthopteroidea
- subdivision Paraneoptera
- order Hemiptera (correct name: Arthroidignatha)
- suborder Phytophtires (correct name: Plantisuga)
- suborder Auchenorrhyncha
- suborder Heteroptera
- subdivision Oligoneoptera
- order Hemiptera (correct name: Arthroidignatha)
- subdivision Polyneoptera
The order Thysanoptera originally had uncertain systematic position, and later was attributed to Paraneoptera.
Later, a number of other classifications had been proposed. According to various points of view, Neoptera is subordinated either directly to Pterygota (as in the Martynov's classification), or to Metapterygota: 1. Pterygota Gegenbaur 1878 1.1. Ephemeroptera Hyatt & Arms 1890 1.2. Metapterygota Börner 1909 1.2.1. Odonata Fabricius 1793 1.2.2. Neoptera Martynov 1923
Phylogeny
The most recent rank-free classification of Neoptera is shown in the cladogram:[2]
| Neoptera |
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References
- ↑ 1923 and 1924)
- ↑ (Kluge 2005, Kluge 2010, Kluge 2012):
External links
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