Jafar Sharif-Emami
| Jafar Sharif-Emami | |
|---|---|
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| 66th and 72nd Prime Minister of Iran | |
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In office 27 August 1978 – 6 November 1978 | |
| Monarch | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Deputy | Gholam-Reza Azhari |
| Preceded by | Jamshid Amouzegar |
| Succeeded by | Gholam Reza Azhari |
|
In office 31 August 1960 – 5 May 1961 | |
| Monarch | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Preceded by | Manouchehr Eghbal |
| Succeeded by | Ali Amini |
| President of the Senate | |
|
In office 11 September 1964 – 24 March 1978 | |
| Monarch | Mohammad Reza Pahlavi |
| Preceded by | Mohsen Sadr |
| Succeeded by | Mohammad Sajadi |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
|
In office 30 July 1960 – 1 December 1960 | |
| Prime Minister | Manouchehr Eghbal |
| Preceded by | Abbas Aram |
| Succeeded by | Ghods-Nakhai |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
9 September 1910 Tehran, Iran |
| Died |
6 June 1998 (aged 87) New York City, United States |
| Political party | Rastakhiz (1975-1978) |
| Other political affiliations | Nationalist Party (1950-1975) |
| Spouse(s) | Eshrat Sharif Emami (died November 1997) |
| Alma mater | Tehran University |
| Religion | Shia Islam |
Jafar Sharif-Imami (9 September 1910 – 16 June 1998) was an Iranian politician who was prime minister from 1960 to 1961 and again in 1978. He was a cabinet minister, president of the Iranian Senate, president of the Pahlavi Foundation and the president of the Iran chamber of industries and mines during the reign of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.[1]
Early life and education
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Sharif-Emami was born in Tehran on 8 September 1910 to a clerical family and his father was a mullah.[2] After high school, Sharif-Emami was sent (along with thirty other young men) to Germany where he studied for eighteen months, returning to Iran in 1930 to work with state railroad organization until the Anglo-Soviet Invasion.[2] Years later he was sent to Sweden for technical training, returning in 1939 when he received a degree in engineering.[1]
Career and activities
Sharif-Emami began his career the Iranian state railways in 1931.[3] Arrested in summer of 1943 for alleged ties to Germany he was kept in detention along with many other members of Iran's elite. After his release he was appointed director general of the Irrigation Agency.[1] In 1950, he was appointed undersecretary of roads and communications.[3] In June 1950, prime minister and General Haj Ali Razmara appointed him acting minister and then minister of roads, his first cabinet post.[1]
He served as the minister of industries and mines in Manuchehr Eqbal's cabinet.[4] He was prime minister from 1960 to 1961, and again in 1978, a few months before the overthrow of the Shah.[3] He was appointed prime minister by Shah on 27 August 1978 because of his ties to clergy.[5] Sharif-Emami succeeded Jamshid Amouzegar in the post.[5][6]
During his short tenure, he undid many of the Shah's plans including the closing of casinos, abandoning the Imperial calendar, abolishing the Rastakhiz Party and allowing all political parties to be active.[4] All of his efforts to reform the political system in Iran, was overshadowed by the Black Friday massacre in Jaleh Square (8 September 1978), mass protests, martial law and nationwide strikes, which brought the country's economy to its knees. He resigned from office amid riots on 5 November 1978.[7] Gholam Reza Azhari replaced him in the post.[3] He was also long-time president of the Iranian senate[8] and chairman of the Pahlavi Foundation.[9][10] He was one of the close confidants of the Shah.[8]
Personal life
Sharif-Emami was married and had three children, two daughters and a son.[3]
For some years he was also the grand master of the grand lodge of Iran, which gave him some informal influence among Iran's political elite.[1][2]
Later years and death
Sharif-Emami left Iran following the 1979 Islamic revolution. He settled in the Upper East Side of Manhattan, New York City.[3] There he served as the president of the Pahlavi Foundation and later resigned from the post.[3] He died at a hospital on 16 June 1998 at age 87 in New York City.[3] He was buried in Valhalla, New York.[3]
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Memoirs of Sharif-Emami, Prime Minister
- 1 2 3 Abbās Mīlānī. Eminent Persians: The Men and Women who Made Modern Iran, 1941 - 1979. Syracuse University Press. p. 305. ISBN 978-0-8156-0907-0. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Saxon, Wolfang (23 June 1998). "Jafar Sharif-Emami, 87, Aide to Shah and a Prime Minister". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- 1 2 'Alí Rizā Awsatí (عليرضا اوسطى), Iran in the Past Three Centuries (Irān dar Se Qarn-e Goz̲ashteh - ايران در سه قرن گذشته), Volumes 1 and 2 (Paktāb Publishing - انتشارات پاکتاب, Tehran, Iran, 2003). ISBN 964-93406-6-1 (Vol. 1), ISBN 964-93406-5-3 (Vol. 2).
- 1 2 Mansoor Moaddel (January 1994). Class, Politics, and Ideology in the Iranian Revolution. Columbia University Press. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-231-51607-5. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- ↑ Nikazmerad, Nicholas M. (1980). "A Chronological Survey of the Iranian Revolution". Iranian Studies. 13 (1/4): 327–368. doi:10.1080/00210868008701575. JSTOR 4310346.
- ↑ "On this day. 5 November 1978: Iran's PM steps down amid riots". BBC. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- 1 2 "Centers of Power in Iran" (PDF). CIA. May 1972. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
- ↑ Miri, Rozita. "The Senate". IICHS. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
- ↑ John H. Lorentz (14 April 2010). The A to Z of Iran. Scarecrow Press. p. 306. ISBN 978-1-4617-3191-7. Retrieved 25 July 2013.
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| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Abbas Aram |
Minister of Foreign Affairs 1960 |
Succeeded by Hossein Ghods-Nakhai |
| Preceded by Manouchehr Eghbal |
Prime Minister of Iran 1960–1961 |
Succeeded by Ali Amini |
| Preceded by Mohsen Sadr |
President of the Senate 1964–1978 |
Succeeded by Mohammad Sajadi |
| Preceded by Jamshid Amouzegar |
Prime Minister of Iran 1978 |
Succeeded by Gholam Reza Azhari |
| Sublime State of Persia (1906–1925) | .svg.png){kind=small}
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| Imperial State of Iran (1925–1979) |
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| Islamic Republic of Iran (1979–present) | 
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