Crête-à-Pierrot
History | |
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Haiti | |
Name: | Crête-à-Pierrot |
Builder: | Earle's Shipbuilding & Engineering Co, Hull (Yard 396) |
Launched: | 7 November 1895 |
Commissioned: | 1896 |
Out of service: | 1902 |
Fate: | Destroyed to prevent capture |
General characteristics | |
Class and type: | Gunboat |
Displacement: | 950 tons |
Installed power: | Triple expansion steam engines |
Propulsion: | Single screw propeller |
Speed: | 16 knots (30 km/h) |
Complement: | 175 |
Armament: |
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Crête-à-Pierrot was a ship in the Haitian Navy. It was destroyed by Admiral Hammerton Killick in 1902 to prevent it falling into the hands of a German warship.
Description
The ship displaced 950 tons. It was powered by a triple expansion steam engine driving a single screw propeller, giving a speed of 16 knots (30 km/h). Armament comprised a 16 cm, 12 cm and four 10 cm guns, four Nordenfelt machine guns and two Maxim machine guns.[1][2]
Commission
The Haitian Government commissioned an armed cruiser to be designed by Sir E J Reed and built by Earle's Shipbuilding & Engineering Co at Hull, Yorkshire, England.[1][2][3] The ship was launched as Crête-à-Pierrot on 7 November 1895.[2] After arming in France, it was added to the Haitian Navy in 1896 and considered the Navy's crown jewel, the best of the four ships it possessed at the time.[3]
Crête-à-Pierrot's first commander was Captain Gilmour, from Scotland, who served under contract to Haiti.[3]
Destruction
In 1902 Haiti was enveloped in a civil war over who would become president after the sudden resignation of Tirésias Simon Sam. Crête-à-Pierrot was controlled by Admiral Hammerton Killick and supporters of Anténor Firmin and was used to blockade ports where Pierre Nord Alexis was gathering troops.[4] There was a plan to use Crête-à-Pierrot to transport Firmin to Port-au-Prince while Jean Jumeau marched on Port-au-Prince by land.[5]
In September 1902, Crête-à-Pierrot seized a German ammunition ship, Markomannia en route to provide ammunition to Alexis' forces.[5] Alexis asked Germany for help subduing a pirate ship.[4] In response, Germany sent SMS Panther to find and capture Crête-à-Pierrot.[5]
On September 6, Crête-à-Pierrot was in port at Gonaïves, with Killick and most of the crew on Shore leave when Panther appeared.[6] Killick rushed on-board and ordered his crew to abandon ship.[6] When all but four crew members had evacuated the ship[5] Killick, inspired by the tale of Captain LaPorte, wrapped himself in a Haitian flag, fired the aft magazine, and blew up the ship rather than let the Germans take her.[6][7] Killick and the remaining four crew members went down with the ship.[6]
An hour later, Panther fired thirty shots at Crête-à-Pierrot to finish it off, then sailed away.[7] The ship's rifles and machine guns were salvaged, along with the bodies of the crew that remained on board.[7]
Gallery
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SMS Panther, the German ship sent to capture Crête-à-Pierrot.
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Admiral Hammerton Killick, who destroyed the ship rather than let the Germans have her.
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Pierre Nord Alexis, the 19th President of Haiti.
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Anténor Firmin. The ship was destroyed in civil war over who would become the 19th President of Haiti.
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Haitian gunboat Crête-à-Pierrot on September 6, 1902 at the Port of Gonaives shortly before the sinking by the SMS Panther.
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The Haitian gunboat Crete-à-Pierrot sinking after bombardment by SMS Panther in the port of Gonaives September 6, 1902.
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Wreck of the Haitian gunboat Crete-à-Pierrot in the port of Gonaives on September 6, 1902.
References
- 1 2 "The Sinking of a Haitian Gunboat". The Times (36868). London. 9 September 1902. col A, p. 3.
- 1 2 3 Neal, William George, ed. (1 December 1895). "Armed Cruiser for the Haytian Government". The Marine Engineer. XXII: 355. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
- 1 2 3 Hesketh-Prichard, Hesketh Vernon (October 15, 2012). Where Black Rules White: A Journey Through and About Hayti. Wermod and Wermod Publishing Group. pp. 77–84. ISBN 9780956183583.
- 1 2 Dubois, Laurent (January 3, 2012). Haiti: The Aftershocks of History. Macmillan. ISBN 9780805095623.
- 1 2 3 4 Smith, Matthew (October 20, 2014). Liberty, Fraternity, Exile: Haiti and Jamaica after Emancipation. UNC Press Books. ISBN 9781469617985.
- 1 2 3 4 Haiti: A Slave Revolution: 200 years after 1804. International Action Center. September 2004. ISBN 978-0974752105. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
- 1 2 3 "Killick Went Down with His Warship" (pdf). The New York Times. September 11, 1902. Retrieved 3 February 2015.