Blue Mountains National Park

Not to be confused with Greater Blue Mountains Area, Blue Mountains (New South Wales), City of Blue Mountains, Electoral district of Blue Mountains, or Blue Mountains railway line.

Blue Mountains National Park New South Wales
IUCN category II (national park)
The Three Sisters, sandstone rock formations that are one of the best-known attractions in the region.
Blue Mountains National Park
Nearest town or city	Katoomba
Coordinates	33°58′04″S 150°18′15″E / 33.96778°S 150.30417°E / -33.96778; 150.30417Coordinates: 33°58′04″S 150°18′15″E / 33.96778°S 150.30417°E / -33.96778; 150.30417
Established	September 1959 (1959-09)^[1]
Area	2,679.54 km² (1,034.6 sq mi)^[1]
Visitation	563,000 (in 2009)^[2]
Managing authorities	NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service
Website	Blue Mountains National Park
See also	Protected areas of New South Wales

The Blue Mountains National Park is a protected national park that is located in the Blue Mountains region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 267,954-hectare (662,130-acre) national park is situated approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) west of Sydney, and the park boundary is quite irregular as it is broken up by roads, urban areas and inholdings.^[1] Despite the name 'mountains', the area is an uplifted plateau, dissected by a number of larger rivers. The highest point in the park is Mount Werong at 1,215 metres (3,986 ft) above sea level; while the low point is on the Nepean River at 20 metres (66 ft) above sea level as it leaves the park.

The national park is one of the eight protected areas that, in 2000, was inscribed to form part of the UNESCO World Heritage–listed Greater Blue Mountains Area.^[3] The Blue Mountains National Park is the most central of the eight protected areas within the World Heritage Site and it forms part of the Great Dividing Range. The park is also listed on the Australian Heritage Register and the overall complex of Blue Mountains regional walking tracks is listed on the State Heritage Register.^[4]

History

The Blue Mountains National Park, shaded in red, as part of the larger Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area.

The genesis of the national park was a proposal by early conservationist Myles Dunphy for a Greater Blue Mountains National Park in 1932. This included large areas of what are today the Blue Mountains National Park, and the Wollemi, Kanangra-Boyd, Nattai, Gardens of Stone, and Thirlmere Lakes, along with other smaller nature reserves; all managed by the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service. In September 1959 the Blue Mountains National Park was gazetted covering 63,000 hectares (160,000 acres).^[5] In 2000 it was included as part of the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area. In 1999, 37 walking tracks were added to the State Heritage Register, extending from Glenbrook and the Nepean River in the east; to Mount Tomah in the north; to Wolgan Valley and Newnes in the northwest; to Jenolan Caves and Oberon in the west; and in the south, numerous walks leading down the plateau from Katoomba, Leura and Wentworth Falls.^[4]

Geography

The Blue Mountains National Park lies on the eastern side of the Great Dividing Range. The plateau slopes gently down from west to east from a height of around 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) above sea level near Mount Victoria to less than 200 metres (660 ft) above sea level around Glenbrook. There are four major rivers that have most of their catchment inside the park: the Wollangambe River in the north, the Grose River in the centre, and the Coxs and Wollondilly rivers in the south. The latter two flow into Lake Burragorang, which is located just outside the park and is the site of Warragamba Dam, the major source of drinking water for Sydney. A small section of the Nepean River passes through the park. All of the major rivers flow from west to

Geology

A small waterfall at Leura. Rainforest plants here include the southern sassafras and the black olive berry, both relics from the age of Gondwana.

Structurally, the Blue Mountains are part of the greater Sydney Basin. The Sydney Basin consists of layers of sedimentary rocks laid down over the past 300 million years. The Blue Mountains and Great Dividing Range were formed about 50 million years ago, when the area was uplifted.^[6] More recently, volcanic flows covered large areas of the mountains in basalt. These have largely worn away, leaving only occasional outcrops on the high peaks.

Animals

There are several larger mammal species found in the park. The largest native carnivorous predator is the tiger quoll. The largest bird found in the area is the emu.

Tourism

Bridal Veil Falls

The Blue Mountains National Park is one of the most popular national parks in Australia. The majority of tourists to the Blue Mountains see the national park from one of the many lookouts between Wentworth Falls and Blackheath, and many of these never actually set foot in the park. Activities for the visitor include short walks to lookouts above cliffs and waterfalls, overnight and longer walks to more remote areas of the park, canyoning, abseiling, rock climbing and mountain biking. A number of adventure tour companies can assist visitors in safely experiencing these activities.^[6] It is also home to the world's steepest railway,^[7]^[8] the Katoomba Scenic Railway.

The national park is renowned for the Three Sisters rock formation. Both north and south of Blackheath, the cliffs are the most spectacular as the rock faces are several hundreds metres tall.^[6] In 1999, 1.045 million visits were recorded in the park.^[2] Since then visitor numbers have declined to 563,000 in 2009.^[2]

Southern Blue Mountains

The national park extends south as far as the Wollondilly River, west of Mittagong, New South Wales. This area was greatly affected by the construction of Warragamba Dam from 1948 to 1960. This required the flooding of the Burragorang Valley, which created Lake Burragorang and in the process cut the southern part of the Blue Mountains off from areas to the east, for example Camden, Picton and Bargo. Properties and homesteads in the southern part of the mountains were forced to close down, leaving many derelict homes and ruins. These included Bran Jan House and Kowmung House on Scotts Main Range,^[9] as well as Twin Peaks, south of Yerranderie.

An exclusion zone of approximately three kilometres was created around Lake Burragorang to protect Sydney's water supply, but a through-track was allowed from Yerranderie to Belloon Pass, then further east, for the benefit of bushwalkers. This pass was later incorporated into the long-distance Katoomba to Mittagong Trail.

References

1 2 3 "Blue Mountains National Park: Park management". Office of Environment & Heritage. Government of New South Wales. Retrieved 8 October 2014.
1 2 3 "Australia weighs conservation vs tourism in Blue Mountains". cnn.com. Cable News Network. 25 November 2010. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
↑ "Greater Blue Mountains Area". World Heritage List. UNESCO. 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
1 2 "Blue Mountains Walking tracks". NSW State Heritage Register. Government of New South Wales. 2 April 1999. Retrieved 8 October 2014.
↑ "Blue Mountains National Park – History since colonisation". Office of Environment & Heritage. Government of New South Wales. Retrieved 24 April 2009.
1 2 3 Discover Australia's National Parks. Hema Maps. Milsons Point, New South Wales: Random House Australia. 1997. pp. 102–5. ISBN 1-875992-47-2.
↑ "The steepest railways on Earth". December 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
↑ "Top five furnicular railways". December 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
↑ Treks in New South Wales, Neil Paton (Kangaroo Press) 1986, pp. 83-84 ISBN 0-86417-079-3

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Blue Mountains, New South Wales.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Blue Mountains National Park.

"Blue Mountains National Park". NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service. Government of New South Wales.
"Blue Mountains National Park". Office of Environment & Heritage. Government of New South Wales.
"Blue Mountains National Park: Plan of management" (PDF). NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service (PDF). Government of New South Wales. 1 May 2001. ISBN 0-7313-6998-X.
Aerial video footage of the Blue Mountains National Park (NSW, Australia) around the Jamison Valley
Activities and Attractions in the Blue Mountains

National parks of New South Wales, Australia

Central West, North West Slopes, Riverina, and South West Slopes	Abercrombie River Belford Cataract Cocoparra Conimbla Coolah Tops Garrawilla Goobang Goonoo Goulburn River Kalyarr Mount Kaputar Murray Valley Nangar Oolambeyan Timbarra Turon Warrumbungle Weddin Mountains Yarrobil

Hunter and Mid North Coast	Bago Bluff Barakee Barrington Tops Bellinger River Ben Halls Gap Bindarri Biriwal Bulga Bongil Bongil Booti Booti Cascade Coorabakh Crowdy Bay Dooragan Dorrigo Dunggir Ghin-Doo-Ee Hat Head Junuy Juluum Kumbatine Maria Middle Brother Mount Royal Myall Lakes Nymboi-Binderay Saltwater Sea Acres Tapin Tops Tomaree Towarri Ulidarra Wallarah Wallingat Watagans Willi Willi Woko Yarriabini

New England Tablelands	Bald Rock Barool Basket Swamp Boonoo Boonoo Butterleaf Capoompeta Carrai Cathedral Rock Chaelundi Cottan-Bimbang Cunnawarra Gibraltar Range Guy Fawkes River Indwarra Kings Plains Kwiambal Mummel Gulf New England Nowendoc Nymboida Oxley Wild Rivers Single Warra Warrabah Washpool Werrikimbe

Northern Rivers	Arakwal Border Ranges Broadwater Bundjalung Bungawalbin Fortis Creek Goonengerry Koreelah Mallanganee Maryland Mebbin Mooball Mount Clunie Mount Jerusalem Mount Nothofagus Mount Pikapene Nightcap Ramornie Richmond Range Tooloom Toonumbar Wollumbin Yabbra Yuraygir

Outback NSW	Culgoa Gundabooka Kinchega Mallee Cliffs Mungo Murrumbidgee Valley Mutawintji Paroo-Darling Sturt Toorale Willandra Yanga

South Coast and Highlands	Bangadilly Ben Boyd Benambra Biamanga Bimberamala Bournda Brindabella Budawang Budderoo Bugong Clyde River Conjola Deua Eurobodalla Gourock Gulaga Jerrawangala Jervis Bay Kooraban Kosciuszko Livingstone Macquarie Pass Meroo Mimosa Rocks Minjary Monga Morton Mount Imlay Murramarang Seven Mile Beach South East Forests Tallaganda Tarlo River Wadbilliga Woomargama Yanununbeyan

Sydney and surrounds	Berowra Valley Blue Mountains Bouddi Brisbane Water Cattai Dharug Dharawal Gardens of Stone Garigal Georges River Heathcote Kamay Botany Bay Kanangra-Boyd Ku-ring-gai Chase Lane Cove Marramarra Nattai Popran Royal Scheyville Sydney Harbour Thirlmere Lakes Werakata Wollemi Wyrrabalong Yellomundee Yengo

Protected areas of New South Wales

Blue Mountains topics

Towns, suburbs and localities	Bell Berambing Bilpin Blaxland Blackheath Bullaburra Clarence Faulconbridge Glenbrook Hartley Vale Hazelbrook Katoomba Kings Tableland Lapstone Lawson Leura Linden Little Hartley Medlow Bath Megalong Mount Irvine Mount Riverview Mount Tomah Mount Victoria Mount Wilson North Katoomba Shipley Springwood Sun Valley Valley Heights Warrimoo Wentworth Falls Winmalee Woodford Yellow Rock Yosemite

Mountain peaks and ranges	Banks Bell Bindo Boyce Erskine Hay Irvine Narrow Neck Plateau Kings Tableland Piddington Solitary Trickett Wilson York Bell Explorers

Tourist attractions	Evans Lookout Hartley Jenolan Caves Katoomba Scenic World Norman Lindsay Gallery and Museum Perrys Lookdown Three Sisters Valley Heights Locomotive Depot Heritage Museum Zig Zag Railway

Valleys	Grose Valley Jamison Valley Kedumba Valley Megalong Valley Wolgan Valley

Waterfalls	Kanangra Falls Katoomba Cascade Katoomba Falls Leura Cascades Leura Falls Linda Falls Victoria Falls Wentworth Falls

History	1813 crossing of the Blue Mountains Clarence Tunnel Glenbrook Tunnel Lapstone Zig Zag Lithgow Zig Zag

National parks	Blue Mountains Gardens of Stone Kanangra-Boyd Nattai Thirlmere Lakes Wollemi Yengo

Rivers and creeks	Bargo Bedford Capertee Colo Coxs Du Faur Erskine Grose Hollanders Jenolan Jooriland Kedumba Kowmung Little (Oberon) Little (Wollondilly) Macdonald Nattai Nepean Tonalli Wingecarribee Wolgan Wollangambe Wollondilly Blackheath Blue Gum Bowens Breakfast Bungleboori Burralow Cedar Galong Glenbrook Glen Erskine Govetts Koondah Linden Megalong Nayook Ovens Pulpit Hill Putty Queen Victoria Wentworth Werriberri Wollemi Woodford

Miscellaneous	Fantastic Aussie Tours Greater Blue Mountains Area (World Heritage Site) Hydro Majestic Hotel Cascade Dams Greaves Creek Dam Lake Medlow Dam Woodford Creek Dam

Disasters	1999 Glenbrook rail accident 2001 Black Christmas / Warragamba bushfires 2013 bushfires

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