Battle of Mérida

Battle of Mérida Part of the Spanish Civil War Date August 10–11, 1936 Location Mérida, Extremadura, Spain Result Nationalist victory Belligerents Second Spanish Republic Nationalist Spain Commanders and leaders Captain Carlos Rodríguez Medina[1] Carlos Asensio Heli Rolando de Tella Strength 2,000 militia and assault guards[2] 1,000 regulars Casualties and losses 250[3] Unknown

Spanish Civil War Background July 1936 uprising Melilla Seville 1st Barcelona Cuartel de la Montaña Gijón Oviedo Cuartel de Loyola 1936 German intervention Guadarrama Alcázar Extremadura Convoy de la victoria Almendralejo Sigüenza Mérida Badajoz Majorca Sierra Guadalupe Córdoba Gipuzkoa Monte Pelado Talavera Irún Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Cabeza Cerro Muriano Cape Espartel Seseña Madrid Ciudad Universitaria 1st Corunna Road Villarreal Ursula Aceituna Lopera 2nd Corunna Road 1937 3rd Corunna Road Málaga Jarama Cape Machichaco Guadalajara Pozoblanco War in the North Biscay Durango Jaén Guernica 2nd Barcelona Deutschland Almería Segovia Huesca Bilbao Albarracín Brunete Santander Zaragoza 1st Belchite Asturias El Mazuco Cape Cherchell Sabiñánigo Teruel 1938 Alfambra Cape Palos Aragon 2nd Belchite 3rd Barcelona Caspe Lérida 1st Gandesa Segre Levante Balaguer Los Blázquez Alicante Granollers Bielsa Merida pocket Ebro 2nd Gandesa Cantabria Cabra 1939 Catalonia Valsequillo La Garriga Minorca Cartagena Olite Final offensive

The Battle of Mérida saw Republican militia twice fail to halt the Spanish Army of Africa near the historic town of Mérida early in the Spanish Civil War.

The Nationalists routed the Republicans from the city on August 10, 1936 and secured control the following day, allowing General Juan Yagüe to surround and capture neighbouring Badajoz several days later.

Nationalist advance

The Nationalist army, under Colonel Carlos Asensio, assembled at Seville with assistance by German and Italian "advisors". The force began its Blitzkrieg-like drive northward on August 2 in trucks supplied by General Queipo de Llano. Major Antonio Castejón followed with a second column on August 3.

Asensio raced north, smashing through fierce Republican resistance on August 6. The next day, the Army of Africa captured the village of Almendralejo after a bloody struggle that decimated both sides. The Republicans retreated north to nearby Mérida, while the Nationalists waited for Castejón to arrive.

The battle

On August 10, the Republican militia made another stand along the Guadiana River, several kilometers south of Mérida. Two banderas (IV Bandera and V Bandera) of the Spanish Foreign Legion and one tabor (II Tabor) of Moroccan Regulares took part in the battle. Before the attack, Mérida was subjected to powerful shelling from Nationalist artillery and aviation. The rebels then attacked the city from three directions: the IV Bandera from the south, crossing the Guadiana River after taking Alange and Zafra, the II Tabor from the east, and the V Bandera crossing the Roman Bridge (la Puente Romano). The IV Bandera initially failed to cross the river, and retreated itself to Almendralejo, but the II Tabor entered the city.^[4] In the meantime, Asensio, with the V Bandera, pushed forward and captured the bridge, then swept across the river and captured the city. The loyalist militia retreated rather than risk encirclement, and General Yagüe then arrived to take command of the rebel army. After the occupation of the city, the Yagüe's troops carried out a bloody massacre.^[5] The committee of defense, led by Anita López was executed by the Nationalist.^[6]

Yagüe next moved east against Badajoz with Asensio and Castejón, leaving a detachment of soldiers under Major Heli Tella to hold Mérida. On August 11, the Republican militia reappeared with a strong contingent of Asaltos and Guardia Civil from Madrid. The Republicans attacked and were beaten by Tella's professional Legionnaires.^[7]

Meanwhile, Yagüe's contingent took Badajoz by storm.

Aftermath

After the occupation of Mérida and Badajoz, the Nationalists connected the Nationalist-held northern zone and the southern zone.^[8] Furthermore, the Nationalist occupied the occidental half of the Badajoz province and the Republican government lost the control of the Portuguese frontier. The Nationalists carried out a harsh repression in the conquered territory.

See also

• White Terror (Spain)

References

• Hugh Thomas (2001). The Spanish Civil War. Modern Library. ISBN 0-375-75515-2. 
• Espinosa, Francisco. La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz. Editoríal Crítica. Madrid. 2003.
• Beevor, Antony. (2006). The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. Penguin Books. London.

Notes

1. ↑ Espinosa, Francisco. La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz. Editoríal Crítica. Madrid. 2003. Pagina 53
2. ↑ Thomas, Hugh. (2001). The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. London. p. 360
3. ↑ Espinosa, Francisco. La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz. Editoríal Crítica. Madrid. 2003. Pagina 52
4. ↑ Espinosa, Francisco. La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz. Editoríal Crítica. Madrid. 2003. Pagina 51
5. ↑ Beevor, Antony. (2006). The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. Penguin Books. London. p. 120
6. ↑ Thomas, Hugh. (2001). The Spanish Civil War. Penguin Books. London. p. 360
7. ↑ Beevor, Antony. (2006). The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. Penguin Books. London. p. 120
8. ↑ Jackson, Gabriel. (1967). The Spanish Republic and the Civil War, 1931–1939. Princeton University Press. Princeton. p.268

External links

• La Marcha: The Drive on Madrid

Coordinates: 38°54′N 6°20′W / 38.900°N 6.333°W / 38.900; -6.333