Xia Xi
| Xia Xi | |
|---|---|
| 夏曦 | |
 | |
| Alternate Member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party | |
|
In office 1931–1936 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
17 August 1901 Yiyang, Hunan Province |
| Died |
28 February 1936 (aged 34) Bijie |
| Alma mater | Moscow Sun Yat-sen University |
| Military service | |
| Nickname(s) | Man Bo, Lao Xia |
| Allegiance |
 Communist Party of China |
| Years of service | 1921-1936 |
| Commands | Red Second Army |
| Battles/wars | Nanchang Uprising, Encirclement Campaigns, Long March |
Xia Xi (Chinese: 夏曦; pinyin: Xià Xī; 17 August 1901 – 28 February 1936), also known as Man Bo (蔓伯) and Lao Xia (劳侠), was an early leader of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 28 Bolsheviks.
Biography
Xia was born in Yiyang, Hunan Province. He studied at Yiyang Primary School, and met Mao Zedong in August 1917 when he enrolled into the Hunan First Normal University. During the May Fourth Movement in 1919, he participated in anti-Japanese boycotts and demonstrations. Xia was one of the first members of the CCP, joining the party in 1921. During the First United Front, Xia concurrently joined the Kuomintang and was involved in the organization of the Kuomintang Hunan provincial headquarters. In the 1926 he was appointed as an alternate member of the Central Executive Committee following the 2nd National Congress of Kuomintang. In the same year, Xia and others such as Guo Liang participated in the Northen Expedition as the Hunan provincial secretaries.
In May 1927, he was appointed as the Hunan Provincial Party Secretary and on 1 August participated in the Nanchang Uprising. Following which, Xia met Wang Ming and joined the 28 Bolsheviks during his further studies in the Moscow Sun Yat-sen University. In January 1931, he was elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.
Xia was sent the Hunan-Hubei Soviet in March 1931 to take over from Deng Zhongxia and was also appointed political commissar of the Second Red Army. Xia initiated purges in 1932, which led to thousand being purged and including 27 cadres whom were close associates of He Long.
In August 1932, Xia embarked on another purge, and though number of people purged were unrecorded,the number of cadres purged stands at a high number of 241. Xia carried out another purge in 1933, including the purge of the Hunan Red Army founder and talented leader Duan Dechang, Wang Bingnan, Liu Zhixun. Before the completion of the third purge, Xia Xi in June 1933 started the fourth round of purges, and led to the deaths of more than 3000 cadres. Although Xia assumed his role of Political Commissar for only 2 years, he had purged tens and thousands of Red Army soldiers and party cadres.
In June 1936, Xia admitted his error of intensifying purges during the Hunan-Hubei Branch Meeting and rendezvoused with Red Sixth Army's Ren Bishi in October. As he was repentant about his misconduct during the purges, he was appointed a member of the Hunan-Hubei Provincial Committee and Vice-Chairman and member of the military branch of the Revolutionary Committee, In November 1935 he participated in the Long March.
On 28 February 1936, due to fatigue during the Bijie river crossing, Xia Xi fell into the water. Due to the deaths Xia incurred during the purges, Red Army soldiers did not rescue him and he consequently drowned.