William J. Wilgus
| William John Wilgus | |
|---|---|
| Born |
November 20, 1865[1] Buffalo, New York |
| Died |
October 24, 1949 (aged 83)[1] Claremont, New Hampshire |
| Nationality | American |
|
Engineering career | |
| Projects | Grand Central Terminal |
William J. Wilgus (1865–1949) was an engineer. In 1902 he was responsible for the design and construction of New York City's Grand Central Terminal.[2] Wilgus coined the term "taking wealth from the air" from his idea to lease the area above the Park Avenue Tunnel in order to help finance the station. He is also credited with the double-stacked track design of the station, that greatly increased its capacity.[3]
Biography
He was born in Buffalo, New York in 1865 and graduated from Buffalo Central High School in 1883.[4] He studied for two years under a local civil engineer and took a Cornell correspondence course in drafting, 1883-1885, ending his formal education.[5] Afterwards, Wilgus embarked on what would soon become a prominent career in civil engineering. Wilgus worked on some of the largest and most complex railroad projects during his time.
Career
After high school he was privately tutored in engineering before accepting his first position as a rodman and draughtsman for the Minnesota and Northwestern Railroad in 1885. Wilgus rose rapidly in his profession. In 1893 he began his association with the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad as an assistant engineer on its Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg line. By 1899 he became the railroads's chief engineer for construction and maintenance of way (track) and in 1903 became the vice-president in charge of construction. During these years he supervised the planning and construction of Buffalo Union Station, the Michigan Central Railway Tunnel and the Weehawken Terminal.[6]
In 1907 Wilgus was forced to resign from the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad after a crash involving the new electric locomotives he had helped to develop killed 20 passengers. Sixteen died on impact, and four more died in the hospital. The victims were mostly women and children. Anxious to defend his reputation, he carefully documented the design decisions, but the railroad's lawyers forced him to destroy his papers, fearing that they would be brought into court as evidence. To keep the railroad from pinning the blame on him, he reconstructed the documentation and used its existence to keep the railroad from throwing him to the wolves.[3] Wilgus went on to open his own consulting practice. He advised numerous railroad companies on construction and improvement projects and on the valuation of their holdings. He also worked with several states and municipalities including several concerned with the improvement of passenger and freight transportation in the New York Metropolitan area.[6]
In 1933, Wilgus donated land in Weathersfield, Vermont to the state for use as a state park; developed in the 1930s by the Civilian Conservation Corps, it is called Wilgus State Park in his honor.
He died in 1949.
Accomplishments
- Along with Frank J. Sprague, designed the Wilgus-Sprague bottom contact third rail system.[7]
- President of the American Society of Civil Engineers New York chapter (1920–1921)[8]
- Honorary doctorate in engineering from the Stevens Institute of Technology (1921)[4]
- Honorary doctorate in engineering from the University of Vermont (1927)[4]
Footnotes
- 1 2 "William J. Wilgus, Rail Expert, Dead". The New York Times. October 25, 1949. p. 27. Retrieved 2011-07-31.
- ↑ Gray, Christopher (August 19, 2010). "Covering Its Tracks Paid Off Handsomely". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-08-21.
In 1902, William J. Wilgus, an engineer for the New York Central Railroad, came up with the concept of roofing over the yards around Grand Central and building hotels, offices and apartment houses. Among the earliest concepts were a 20-story tower over the terminal itself, and an adjacent hotel, later erected as the Biltmore, from Vanderbilt to Madison Avenue, between 43rd and 44th Streets.
- 1 2 "Grand Central". American Experience. 2009-02-28. PBS.
- 1 2 3 "Roll of Honor Inductee's". Western New York Railway Historical Society. Retrieved 2009-08-22.
- ↑ "~ILLIAM J. WIL61IS, RAIL EXPERT,, D~D; Leader in. Engineering Aided Grand Central Terminal and Holland Tunnel Projects t". The New York Times. 1949-10-25.
- 1 2 Guide to the William J. Wilgus Papers (PDF). New York Public Library. ISBN 99962-61-91-3. Retrieved 2009-08-08.
- ↑ Cudahy, Brian (2003). A Century of Subways: Celebrating 100 Years of New York's Underground Railways. New York: Fordham University Press. p. 202. ISBN 0-8232-2292-6.
- ↑ "Past Presidents of the ASCE Met Section". ASCE Metropolitan Section. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
Further reading
- Kurt C. Schlichting, Grand Central's Engineer: William J. Wilgus and the Planning of Modern Manhattan. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012.