Wade–Giles table

This Wade–Giles table is a complete listing of all Wade–Giles syllables used in Standard Chinese.^[1] Each syllable in a cell is composed of an initial (columns) and a final (rows). An empty cell indicates that the corresponding syllable does not exist in Standard Chinese.

The below table indicates possible combinations of initials and finals in Standard Chinese, but does not indicate tones, which are equally important to the proper pronunciation of Chinese. Although some initial-final combinations occur with each of the five different tones, most do not. Some only occur with one tone.

Finals are grouped into subsets a, i, u and ü. i, u and ü groupings indicate a combination of those finals with finals from Group a. The following exceptions exist:

Most syllables are a combination of an initial and a final. However, some syllables have no initials. These are written in Wade–Giles according to the following rules:

• if the final begins with a u, replace the u with a w
• if the final begins with an ü, add y in the beginning
• if the final begins with an i, replace the i with a y if there are other vowels; if there are no other vowels, add y in the beginning
• if the final begins in any other way, keep the final as is
• exceptions to the rules above are indicated by yellow in the table's no initial column:

Colour Legend:

"regular" initial or final Final is in Group a or is a direct combination of: i+Group a final u+Group a final ü+Group a final

Final of i, u, ü groups is a modified combination of: i+Group a final u+Group a final ü+Group a final

syllable is direct combination of initial and final (or follows rules for no-initial syllables outlined at the top of the page)

syllable is written with the less common of the two spellings of the final; note the special spelling of the initials ts, tsʻ, s in the syllables tzŭ, tzʻŭ, ssŭ

Syllables that end with o have either the o/uo final or the ê/o final:

IPA	pu̯ɔ	pʰu̯ɔ	mu̯ɔ	fu̯ɔ	tu̯ɔ	tʰu̯ɔ	nu̯ɔ	lu̯ɔ	kɤ	kʰɤ	xɤ	ku̯ɔ	kʰu̯ɔ	xu̯ɔ	ʈʂu̯ɔ	ʈʂʰu̯ɔ	ʂu̯ɔ	ʐu̯ɔ	ʦu̯ɔ	ʦʰu̯ɔ	su̯ɔ	ɤ	u̯̯ɔ
Wade–Giles	po	pʻo	mo	fo	to	tʻo	no	lo	ko	kʻo	ho	kuo	kʻuo	huo	cho	chʻo	shuo	jo	tso	tsʻo	so	o/ê	wo
Bopomofo	ㄅㄛ	ㄆㄛ	ㄇㄛ	ㄈㄛ	ㄉㄨㄛ	ㄊㄨㄛ	ㄋㄨㄛ	ㄌㄨㄛ	ㄍㄜ	ㄎㄜ	ㄏㄜ	ㄍㄨㄛ	ㄎㄨㄛ	ㄏㄨㄛ	ㄓㄨㄛ	ㄔㄨㄛ	ㄕㄨㄛ	ㄖㄨㄛ	ㄗㄨㄛ	ㄘㄨㄛ	ㄙㄨㄛ	ㄜ	ㄨㄛ
Pinyin	bo	po	mo	fo	duo	tuo	nuo	luo	ge	ke	he	guo	kuo	huo	zhuo	chuo	shuo	ruo	zuo	cuo	suo	e	wo

See also

• Wade–Giles
• Pinyin table
• Palladius table
• Zhuyin table

References