Tuft cell

Tuft cells are taste-chemosensory cells in the epithelial lining of the intestines. Ordinarily there are very few tuft cells present but they have been shown to greatly increase at times of a parasitic infection.^[1] Tuft cells are differentiated from stem cells in the bases of intestinal glands and their increase is seen as a type-2 mediated immunity response against parasites.^[2]^[3]

Tuft cells were first discovered in the trachea of the rat, and in the mouse stomach.^[4]

References

↑ Howitt, M; Lavoie, S (2016). "Tuft cells, taste- chemosensory cells, orchestrate parasite type 2 immunity in the gut". Science. 351: 1329–33. doi:10.1126/science.aaf1648. PMID 26847546.
↑ Gerbe, F; Legraverend, C; Jay, P (September 2012). "The intestinal epithelium tuft cells: specification and function.". Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS. 69 (17): 2907–17. doi:10.1007/s00018-012-0984-7. PMC 3417095. PMID 22527717.
↑ Gerbe, F; Sidot, E; Smyth, DJ; Ohmoto, M; Matsumoto, I; Dardalhon, V; Cesses, P; Garnier, L; Pouzolles, M; Brulin, B; Bruschi, M; Harcus, Y; Zimmermann, VS; Taylor, N; Maizels, RM; Jay, P (14 January 2016). "Intestinal epithelial tuft cells initiate type 2 mucosal immunity to helminth parasites.". Nature. 529 (7585): 226–30. doi:10.1038/nature16527. PMID 26762460.
↑ Gerbe, F; Legraverend, C; Jay, P (September 2012). "The intestinal epithelium tuft cells: specification and function.". Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS. 69 (17): 2907–17. doi:10.1007/s00018-012-0984-7. PMC 3417095. PMID 22527717.

Upper

Exocrine	Chief cells Pepsinogen Parietal cells Gastric acid Intrinsic factor Foveolar cells HCO₃⁻ Mucus Goblet cells Mucus

Processes	Swallowing Vomiting

Fluids	Saliva Gastric acid

Lower

G cells gastrin D cells somatostatin ECL cells Histamine

enterogastrone:	I cells CCK K cells GIP S cells secretin

Enteroendocrine cells Enterochromaffin cell APUD cell

Fluids

Processes

Either/both

Processes	Peristalsis (Interstitial cell of Cajal Basal electrical rhythm) Gastrocolic reflex Digestion

Stomach	Enteroendocrine cell G cell Delta cell Enterochromaffin-like cell Gastric chief cell Parietal cell Foveolar cell

Intestine	Enteroendocrine cell Gastric inhibitory polypeptide S cell Delta cell Cholecystokinin Goblet cell Paneth cell Tuft cell Enterocyte Microfold cell

Liver	Hepatocyte Hepatic stellate cell (Kupffer cell from mesoderm)

Gallbladder	Cholecystocyte

Exocrine pancreas	Centroacinar cell Pancreatic stellate cell

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