Timeline of Pretoria, Tshwane
The following is a timeline of the history of Pretoria, City of Tshwane, Gauteng province, South Africa.
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Prior to 20th century
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- 1855 - Pretoria founded by Voortrekkers.
- 1867 - Cullinan diamond field discovered near Pretoria.[1]
- 1873
- University of South Africa founded.[1]
- De Volkstem Dutch/English-language newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1877 - British in power.
- 1881 - Pretoria Convention peace treaty signed.[3]
- 1884 - Kruger House built.
- 1886 - Melrose House built.[1]
- 1892
- Raadsaal (government building) rebuilt.[3]
- State Museum founded.[3]
- Burgers Park laid out.[4]
- 1896 - Staats Model School built.
- 1897 - Palace of Justice built.
- 1899 - Zoo founded.[3]
20th century
- 1901 - Pretoria Boys High School founded.
- 1902
- Pretoria High School for Girls founded.
- Premier diamond mine begins operating near Pretoria.
- 1903 - "Local self-government granted."[3]
- 1905
- Lady Selbourne suburb established.[5][6]
- Large Cullinan Diamond discovered near Pretoria.
- 1906 - Imported jacaranda trees planted.[7]
- 1910
- Pretoria becomes capital of the British colonial Union of South Africa.
- Pretoria railway station rebuilt.
- 1913 - Union Buildings constructed in Arcadia.
- 1922 - Christian Brothers' College opens.
- 1923 - Stadium built in Arcadia.
- 1930 - University of Pretoria established.
- 1931 - Capitol Theatre (cinema) opens.[8]
- 1935 - Pretoria City Hall built.[9]
- 1940 - Atteridgeville suburb established.[5]
- 1942 - Danville suburb established.[9]
- 1948
- Groenkloof suburb established.[9]
- Catholic Vicariate of Pretoria established.
- 1949
- Hercules becomes part of Pretoria.[9]
- Voortrekker Monument erected.[1]
- 1951 - Vlakfontein township established.[6]
- 1956 - Women's march.
- 1959 - "Treason trial" of ANC leaders begins.[1]
- 1960 - Laudium township[6] and Africa Institute of South Africa established.
- 1961 - City becomes capital of the Republic of South Africa.[1]
- 1962 - Eersterus area established.[6]
- 1963 - 9 October: Rivonia Trial begins.[10]
- 1972 - Daspoort Tunnel opens.
- 1977 - 12 September: Death of Steve Biko.[9]
- 1979 - Menlyn Park shopping mall in business.
- 1981 - State Theatre opens.
- 1983 - 20 May: Church Street bombing.[10]
- 1984 - Atteridgeville-Saulsville Residents Organisation formed.
- 1985 - Large Golden Jubilee Diamond discovered near Pretoria.
- 1986 - Idasa institute founded.[11]
- 1991 - Institute for Security Studies established.[11]
- 1993 - Radio Pretoria and Tuks FM radio begin broadcasting.
- 1994
- City becomes part of the newly established Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vaal province (later Gauteng).[1]
- Inauguration of South African president Nelson Mandela.
- 1996
21st century
Tshwane sign, with logo depicting the Union Buildings in Pretoria, with slogan "We are the same" (photo 2005)
Map of Tshwane, showing location of Pretoria, 2006
- 2000
- Pretoria becomes part of the newly established City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality.[13]
- Impak newspaper begins publication.[2]
- University of Pretoria's Mapungubwe Museum opens.
- 2004
- Tshwane University of Technology established.
- Woodlands Boulevard shopping centre in business.
- 2005 - December: Shanty town unrest.[14]
- 2007 - Freedom Park opens.
- 2008 - August: Congress of South African Trade Unions demonstration.[15]
- 2011
- 2013 - 31 January: Train collision.
- 2014 - Air pollution in Tshwane reaches annual mean of 51 PM2.5 and 63 PM10, more than recommended.[19]
See also
- Other cities in South Africa
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Patrick Heenan (1996). "Pretoria". In Noelle Watson. International Dictionary of Historic Places: Middle East and Africa. UK: Routledge. pp. 592+. ISBN 1884964036.
- 1 2 "Pretoria (South Africa) -- Newspapers". Global Resources Network. Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 H.T. Montague Bell; C. Arthur Lane (1905). "Pretoria". Guide to the Transvaal. Johannesburg Reception Committee.
- ↑ "Parks". City of Tshwane. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- 1 2 Sello Mathabatha (2004). "The PAC and the POQO in Pretoria, 1958-1964". The Road to Democracy in South Africa: 1960-1970. Zebra. South African Democracy Education Trust. ISBN 978-1-86872-906-7.
- 1 2 3 4 "Pretoria the Segregated City". Cape Town: South African History Online. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ↑ "Letter from Pretoria: Purple haze deemed too pesky to plant", Chicago Tribune, 28 October 2002
- ↑ "Movie Theaters in Pretoria, South Africa". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Pretoria Timeline 1800-2009". Cape Town: South African History Online. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- 1 2 Jacqueline Audrey Kalley; et al., eds. (1999). Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-30247-3.
- 1 2 "Organizations". International Relations and Security Network. Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ↑ "Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2012. United Nations Statistics Division. 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ↑ "City of Tshwane in a Nutshell". City of Tshwane. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ↑ "Shantytown Dwellers in South Africa Protest Sluggish Pace of Change", New York Times, 25 December 2005
- ↑ Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2009). "South Africa". Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2008. 5. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 473+. ISBN 90-04-17811-2.
- ↑ Andreas Mehler; et al., eds. (2012). "South Africa". Africa Yearbook: Politics, Economy and Society South of the Sahara in 2011. 8. Koninklijke Brill. pp. 511+. ISBN 978-90-04-24178-7.
- ↑ "South African mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ↑ "Office of the Executive Mayor". City of Tshwane. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ↑ World Health Organization (2016), Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Geneva
This article incorporates information from the Afrikaans Wikipedia and French Wikipedia.
Further reading
- Published in the 20th century
- A. Samler Brown; G. Gordon Brown, eds. (1906), "Pretoria", Guide to South Africa (14th ed.), London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company
- John Paxton, ed. (1999). "Pretoria, South Africa". Penguin Encyclopedia of Places (3rd ed.). ISBN 9780140512755.
- Published in the 21st century
- Kevin Shillington, ed. (2004), "Pretoria", Encyclopedia of African History, London: Routledge, p. 1229
- Kevin Shillington, ed. (2005), "Pretoria", Encyclopedia of African History, London: Routledge, p. 1229+
- Vivien Allen; Hannes Meiring (2007). Kruger's Pretoria: Buildings and Personalities of the City in the Nineteenth Century. Protea Book House. ISBN 978-1-86919-102-3.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pretoria. |
- "(Articles related to Pretoria)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre.
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