Theodor Corona Musachi

Theodor Corona Musachi
Lord of Berat
Reign after 1393 — 1417

Issue

Titles and styles

Lord
Noble family Muzaka
Father Andrew Molosachi
Born before 1396
Died 1449
Berat, Ottoman Empire
Occupation feudal lord

Theodor Corona Musachi (Albanian: Theodhor Koronë Muzaka) or Teodor III Muzaka, was an Albanian nobleman who led the 1437–38 revolt against the Ottomans and was one of the founders of the League of Lezhë in 1444[A].

Family

Theodor Corona Musachi was а member of the Muzaka family whose domains extended till Kastoria (in modern-day Greece) at the end of the 14th and beginning of the 15th century. According to Gjon Muzaka (not completely reliable primary source) parents of Theodor Corona Musachi had three sons (Gjin, Theodor and Stoya) and two daughters (Comita and Kyranna).

Muzaka explained that Theodor inherited control over Berat from his father Andrea Muzaka III. It is unknown when Muzaka family began to control Berat. Father of Theodor Corona Musachi, Andrea Muzaka III, is mentioned in 1389 and in 1393 not as lord of Berat, but as an honorable citizen.[1] Muzaka family was in conflict with Prince Marko. Before 1396 (the year of Marko's death) Corona Musachi was probably a young man who participated in this conflict, which explains why he is commemorated in Serbian and south Slavic epic poetry as Korun, Marko's enemy.[2]

At the end of 1411, Niketa Thopia suffered a heavy defeat from the forces of Theodor Corona Musachi during one skirmish. This event was recorded in a Venetian source composed on 29 February 1412.[3] He himself was held prisoner and with the intervention of the Ragusan Republic was released in 1413, but only after conceding some territories around the Shkumbin river to the Muzaka family.

In 1417 Berat was captured by the Ottoman Empire.

Revolt

In 1437—38, while sanjakbey of the Sanjak of Albania was Theodor's son Yakup Bey,[4] Theodor Korona Muzaka revolted in the region of Berat. This revolt was, like previous Albanian Revolt of 1432–36, suppressed by the Ottomans.[5] There are claims that information about Muzaka's 1437—38 revolt is not supported by contemporary sources.[6] Jakub Bey was recorded to be on the position of the sanjakbey of the Sanjak of Albania in 1442.[7]

League of Lezhë

The League of Lezhë was founded by:[8]

Notes

Footnotes

  1. ^ Oliver Schmitt does not mention Musachi as one of the founders of the league.[9]

References

  1. ↑ Studia Albanica. Académie des sciences de la République Populaire d'Albanie, Institut d'histoire, Institut de linguistique et littérature. 1988. p. 90. Nous ne savons pas quand ce Theodore Korona Muzaka devint le dominateur de Berat. Son père, Andrea III Muzaka, est mentionné en 1389 et en 1393 non pas comme dominateur de Berat, mais comme l'un des honorables citoyens de
  2. ↑ Studia Albanica (in French). Académie des sciences de la République Populaire d'Albanie, Institut d'histoire, Institut de linguistique et littérature. 1988. p. 90. Il est possible que Theodore Korona Muzaka alt ete un jeune homme avant la mort de Marko Krali (1396) et qu'il ait participe dans les combats contre lui. Cest ainsi qu'on peut expliquer pourquoi il est entre avec le nom Korun Kesexhia
  3. ↑ Studia Albanica. L'Institut. 1989. p. 90. Dans un autre acte vénitien du 29 février 1412, il est dit que le seigneur de Berat, Teodor Korona Muzaka a emprisonné Niketë Topia. (Historijski Arhiv u Dubrovniku. Reformationes XXXIV! 162v).
  4. ↑ Historia e Shqipërisë: përgatitur nga një kolektiv punonjësish shkencorë të sektorëve të historisë së kohës së lashtë dhe të kohës së mesme, Volume 1. Instituti i Historisë dhe i Gjuhësise. 1959. p. 268. Pasi u larguan ushtritë turke të Rumelisë, shpërtheu aty nga viti 1437-1438 një kryengritje tjetër në rrethin e Beratit, e krye- suar nga Theodhor Korona Muzaka, biri i të cilit, Jakup Beu, ishte në atë kohë sanxhakbeu i sanxhakut të Shqipërisë
  5. ↑ Frashëri 1964, p. 65
  6. ↑ Instituti i Historisë (Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të Shqipërisë) (1970). Studime historike, Volume 7. Akademia e Shkencave, Instituti i Historisë.
  7. ↑ Türk Tarih Kongresi: Kongrenin çalişmaları, kongreye sunulan tebliğler. Kenan Matbaası. 1994. p. 1693. Yerli Hristiyan beylerden birisi olan Teodor Muzaka'nın oğlu Yakup Bey, İslâma geçerken, Osmanlı yönetimi kadrosu içine sokulmuş ve 1442 yılının dolaylarında Arvanid sancak beyi makamına kadar çıkmayı başarmıştır.3 Adı geçen sancağın
  8. ↑ Noli 1947, p. 36
  9. ↑ Schmitt 2001, p. 297: "Nikola und Paul Dukagjin, Leka Zaharia von Dagno, Peter Span, Herr der Berge hinter Drivasto, Georg Strez Balsha sowie Johann und Gojko Balsha, die sich zwischen Kruja und Alessio festgesetzt hatten, die Dushman von Klein-Polatum sowie Stefan (Stefanica) Crnojevic, der Herr der Oberzeta"

Sources

Theodor Corona Musachi
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Andrew Molosachi		 Lord of Berat
? – 1417 		Succeeded by
Post abolished
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