Tayshet
| Tayshet (English) Тайшет (Russian) | |
|---|---|
| - Town[1] - | |
 In Tayshet | |
.svg.png) Location of Irkutsk Oblast in Russia | |
  Tayshet | |
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| Administrative status (as of July 2013) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Irkutsk Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Tayshetsky District[2] |
| Administrative center of | Tayshetsky District[3] |
| Municipal status (as of October 2013) | |
| Municipal district | Tayshetsky Municipal District[4] |
| Urban settlement | Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| Administrative center of | Tayshetsky Municipal District,[4] Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| Head[5] | Alexander Zaika[5] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 35,485 inhabitants[6] |
| Time zone | IRKT (UTC+08:00)[7] |
| Founded | 1897 |
| Town status since | 1938 |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 664802, 665000–665006, 665008–665010 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 39563 |
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| Tayshet on Wikimedia Commons | |
Tayshet (Russian: Тайшет; IPA: [tɐjˈʂɛt], lit. cold river in the Ket language) is a town and the administrative center of Tayshetsky District in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located 669 kilometers (416 mi) from Irkutsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 35,485 (2010 Census);[6] 38,535 (2002 Census);[9] 42,391 (1989 Census).[10]
History
It was founded in 1897 as a supply point and station on the Trans-Siberian Railway and was granted town status in 1938.
During the 1930s–1950s, Tayshet was the center of administration for gulag labor camps Ozerlag and Angarstroy. Construction of the first section of the Baikal–Amur Mainline started in 1937 and was managed from here. According to some survivor accounts, between Tayshet and Bratsk there is "a dead man under every sleeper." Along with Japanese prisoners from the Kwantung Army, German prisoners of war formed a large proportion of the forced labor contingent, generally under a 25-year sentence. Surviving German POWs were repatriated in autumn of 1955, after West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's visit to Moscow.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Tayshet serves as the administrative center of Tayshetsky District,[3] to which it is directly subordinated.[2] As a municipal division, the town of Tayshet is incorporated within Tayshetsky Municipal District as Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement.[4]
Climate
Tayshet has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) bordering on a humid continental climate with warm, humid summers and severely cold, drier winters. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −18.6 °C (−1.5 °F) in January to 18.5 °C (65.3 °F). Sunshine is generous and the area receives 2,150 hours of bright sunshine annually.
| Climate data for Tayshet (1953−2011) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7.0 (44.6) |
10.0 (50) |
18.9 (66) |
27.8 (82) |
33.6 (92.5) |
37.2 (99) |
36.3 (97.3) |
35.7 (96.3) |
32.3 (90.1) |
24.6 (76.3) |
13.3 (55.9) |
8.3 (46.9) |
37.2 (99) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −14.2 (6.4) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
6.3 (43.3) |
15.1 (59.2) |
21.9 (71.4) |
24.2 (75.6) |
21.1 (70) |
14.1 (57.4) |
4.9 (40.8) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
5.3 (41.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.6 (−1.5) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
1.3 (34.3) |
9.4 (48.9) |
16.0 (60.8) |
18.5 (65.3) |
15.2 (59.4) |
8.4 (47.1) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
−16.4 (2.5) |
0.2 (32.4) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −24.3 (−11.7) |
−22.6 (−8.7) |
−14.8 (5.4) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
2.1 (35.8) |
8.3 (46.9) |
11.5 (52.7) |
8.5 (47.3) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−14.4 (6.1) |
−21.9 (−7.4) |
−6.1 (21) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −47.2 (−53) |
−47.8 (−54) |
−42.2 (−44) |
−25.5 (−13.9) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
−2.8 (27) |
0.0 (32) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−10 (14) |
−33 (−27) |
−42.2 (−44) |
−47 (−53) |
−47.8 (−54) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 28.7 (1.13) |
21.8 (0.858) |
21.6 (0.85) |
37.3 (1.469) |
60.4 (2.378) |
45.5 (1.791) |
55.7 (2.193) |
70.5 (2.776) |
43.3 (1.705) |
45.7 (1.799) |
30.0 (1.181) |
23.6 (0.929) |
484.1 (19.059) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 20.6 | 18.1 | 16.2 | 13.9 | 13.0 | 11.5 | 10.9 | 12.2 | 13.9 | 18.4 | 20.7 | 21.4 | 190.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79.9 | 75.6 | 66.8 | 61.0 | 56.9 | 67.0 | 74.0 | 76.7 | 73.7 | 74.6 | 78.2 | 80.9 | 72.11 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 71.3 | 120.4 | 189.1 | 228.0 | 279.0 | 294.0 | 300.7 | 260.4 | 171.0 | 105.4 | 75.0 | 58.9 | 2,153.2 |
| Source: climatebase.ru | |||||||||||||
Transportation
Tayshet is a major railway junction. Here the Baikal–Amur Mainline begins, branching northeast from the Trans-Siberian Railway. Here also the Abakan-Taishet Railway ends. The town is also on the M53 Highway (Moscow to Irkutsk).
References
Notes
- 1 2 Charter of Irkutsk Oblast
- 1 2 Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast
- 1 2 Law #49-OZ
- 1 2 3 4 5 Law #100-oz
- 1 2 Official website of Tayshet (Russian)
- 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
Sources
- Законодательное Собрание Иркутской области. Постановление №9/5-ЗС от 15 апреля 2009 г. «Устав Иркутской области», в ред. Закона №2-У от 7 июля 2015 г. «О поправках к Уставу Иркутской области». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Областная", №45, 24 апреля 2009 г. (Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast. Resolution #9/5-ZS of April 15, 2009 Charter of Irkutsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #2-U of July 7, 2015 On Amending the Charter of Irkutsk Oblast. Effective as of the day following a ten-day period after the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Иркутской области. Закон №49-ОЗ от 21 июня 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Иркутской области», в ред. Закона №183-ОЗ от 31 декабря 2014 г. «Об отдельных вопросах административно-территориального устройства Иркутской области и о внесении изменений в Закон Иркутской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Иркутской области"». Вступил в силу после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Областная", №71, 25 июня 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast. Law #49-OZ of June 21, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Irkutsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #183-OZ of December 31, 2014 On Various Issues Regarding the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Irkutsk Oblast and on Amending the Law of Irkutsk Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Irkutsk Oblast". Effective as of after the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное Собрание Иркутской области. Закон №100-оз от 16 декабря 2004 г. «О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Тайшетского района Иркутской области», в ред. Закона №83-ОЗ от 31 октября 2013 г. «О распространении действия Закона Иркутской области "О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Тайшетского района Иркутской области" на всю территорию нового субъекта Российской Федерации — Иркутской области и внесении в него изменений». Вступил в силу с 31 декабря 2004 г., но не ранее чем через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Восточно-Сибирская правда", №254–255, 20 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast. Law #100-oz of December 16, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tayshetsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #83-OZ of October 31, 2013 On Expanding the Scope of the Law of Irkutsk Oblast "On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tayshetsky District of Irkutsk Oblast" to the Whole Territory of the New Federal Subject of the Russian Federation—Irkutsk Oblast—and on Amending It. Effective as of December 31, 2004, but not earlier than 10 days after the official publication date.).
- Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast (Russian)
External links
- Official website of Tayshet (Russian)
- Unofficial website of Tayshet (Russian)
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