Songhua River

Songhua River is shown in a darkish blue color.

Chinese name

松花江

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Sōnghuā Jiāng

Alternative Chinese name

Chinese

海西

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Hǎixī

Manchu name

Manchu script

ᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᡠᠯᠠ

Romanization

Sunggari Ula

Songhua River, just west of Harbin. Oxbow lakes are common sights along the sides of the river.

The Songhua River (also Haixi or Xingal, formerly Sunggari) is one of the primary rivers of China, and the largest tributary of the Amur River. It flows about 1,434 kilometres (891 mi) from the Changbai Mountains on the China–North Korea border through China's northeastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. The river drains 1,443,100 square kilometres (557,180 sq mi) of land,^[1] and has an annual discharge of 2,463 cubic metres per second (87,000 cu ft/s).^[2]

The extreme flatness of the Northeast China Plain has caused the river to meander widely over time. The result of the meandering is that the river is surrounded by a wide plain that is filled with swirls and curves, showing paths the river once took.

Geography

As the Second Songhua River, it joins the Amur at Tongjiang, Heilongjiang. It is then interrupted by the Baishan, Hongshi and Fengman dams, which are used for hydroelectricity production. Fengman Dam forms a lake that stretches 62 kilometres (39 mi) upstream. Below the dam, the Second Songhua flows northwest until its largest tributary, the Nen River, joins it near Da'an and creates the Songhua. The Nen River drains the Songnen Plain. The river travels east until it joins the Hulan River near Harbin. Nearby it is also joined by the Ashi, which gave its name to the Jurchen Jin Dynasty (12th–13th century). Then it passes between the northern end of the eastern Manchurian mountain system and the Lesser Xing'an Range. The river then flows into the Amur River (Heilong Jiang) valley. The river freezes from late November until March. It has its highest flows when the mountain snow melts during the spring thaw. The river is navigable up to Harbin by medium-sized ships. Smaller craft can navigate the Songhua up to Jilin and the Nen River up to Qiqihar.

Cities along the river include:

History

In November 2005, the river was contaminated with benzene, leading to a shutdown of Harbin's water supply.^[3] The spill stretched 80 kilometres (50 mi) and eventually reached the Amur (Heilong) River on the China–Russia border.^[4] On July 28, 2010, several thousand barrels were washed away by floods from two chemical plants in China's Jilin City. Some of them contained 170 kilograms (370 lb) of explosive material like trimethylsilyl chloride and hexamethyldisiloxane.^[5]^[6]In 2016 the part near the city of Jilin was affected by a minor flood.

References

↑ National Geographic Atlas of China, p. 36.
↑ National Conditions: Main Rivers accessed October 21, 2010.
↑ "Water pollution in China alarming, CCTV.com".
↑ China By Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, p.245.
↑ Khabarovsk Region prevents poisoned Sungari water from reaching Amur, Jul 30, 2010, Moscow Time
↑ (Russian)Defence lines were opened in attempt to intercept the barrels with chemicals, RIA Novosti, 30.07.2010

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Songhua River.

Heilongjiang topics

Harbin (capital)

General	History Politics Economy

Geography	Cities Greater Khingan mountain range Lesser Khingan mountain range Wanda Mountains Huma River Muling River Naoli River Songhua River Nen River Mudan River Amur River

Education	Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Normal University Harbin University of Science and Technology Heilongjiang University Northeast Agricultural University Northeast Forestry University

Visitor attractions	Diaoshuilou Falls Lake Xingkai Jingpo Lake Mudan River Zhalong Nature Reserve

Category Commons

Major rivers of China

Yangtze River system	Yalong River Min River Dadu River Qingyi River Tuo River Jialing River Fu River Qu River Wu River Hanshui River Qing River Chishui River Xiao River Xiang River Zi River Yuan River Lishui River Gan River Fu River Xin River Qingyi Jiang Qinhuai River Huangpu River

Yellow River system	Black River Daxia River Tao River Qingshui River Wuding River Fen River Wei River Jing River Luo River (Henan) Luo River (Shaanxi) Qin River

Pearl River system	North River East River Han River Mei River Ting River West River Yujiang River Yong River Xun River Qian River Hongshui River Nanpan River Beipan River Rong River Gui River

Heilong River system	Songhua River 2nd Songhua River Nen River Mudan River Ussuri River Argun River

Huai River system	Guo River Ying River Shiguan River

Other major rivers	Hai River Chaobai River Yongding River Hutuo River Liao River Tarim River Karatash River Ili River Shule River Tumen River Yalu River Luan River Red River Minjiang River Longjiang River Lancang River Beilun River Nu River Lion Spring River Elephant Spring River Yarlung Tsangpo River (Horse Spring River) Nyang River Subansiri River Irtysh River

Major canals	Grand Canal of China Lingqu Canal North Jiangsu Main Irrigation Canal

Coordinates: 46°52′05″N 130°27′47″E / 46.86806°N 130.46306°E / 46.86806; 130.46306

Authority control	WorldCat Identities VIAF: 257570814 NDL: 00637144

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 10/13/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.

Songhua River

Geography

History

See also

References

External links