Sarcos
| Founded | 1983 |
|---|---|
| Founder | Stephen Jacobsen |
| Headquarters | University of Utah Research Park, Salt Lake City, Utah |
| Products | Microelectromechanical systems, Medical microsystems, Powered exoskeleton |
| Parent | Raytheon |
| Divisions | Robotics, Biomedical engineering |
| Website | Sarcos Online |
Sarcos is an American developer of robotics and microelectromechanical systems and related technologies. Based in the University of Utah Research Park in Salt Lake City, Utah, the company specializes in creating robotic devices for military and public safety applications. The company is also developing robots that improve safety and efficiency in the aviation and maritime industries.
History
Sarcos was founded in 1983 by current head Stephen Jacobsen and operated principally as a bioengineering research institution. By 1992, Jacobsen increased attention to commercial interests such as animated film props, prostheses, and human/computer interfaces. In 2000, Sarcos accepted a grant from DARPA, the research arm of the United States Department of Defense, to develop a design for a powered exoskeleton suitable for military applications. DARPA accepted the Sarcos design in 2006 and the firm began developing prototypes.[1] In November 2007, Raytheon purchased Sarcos for an undisclosed sum, seeking to expand into robotics research and production.[2]
In 2006, Sarcos attracted media attention for developing an exoskeleton that is designed to be worn by a human. Slated for production in 2008 for the United States Army.[3][4]
In late 2007, American defense contractor Raytheon purchased Sarcos.[5] The company became known as Raytheon Sarcos and was operated as a division of Raytheon until 2015 when Raytheon Sarcos President and Mission Center Executive Dr. Fraser Smith and technology entrepreneur Ben Wolff led a consortium that acquired the Sarcos business from Raytheon. Sarcos has developed technologies in partnership with, and for, government agencies such as the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), an agency of the U.S. Department of Defense, NASA, the Department of Homeland Security, Fortune 100 companies such as AT&T, Boeing, Ford, Merck, and Xerox PARC, and universities such as MIT and Carnegie Mellon.
Powered exoskeleton
In 2000, DARPA requested design proposals for a powered military exoskeleton. Of the 14 designs submitted, DARPA chose the one submitted by Sarcos. The Sarcos design involves a suit powered by a single engine, including a tank holding 24 hours of fuel, that sits near the wearer's buttocks. The suit gives the wearer increased strength and endurance through servo motors powered by the engine.[3] The finished suit is named the XOS Exoskeleton and weighs 150 pounds (68 kg).[5] Popular Science reported that the XOS gives wearers the ability to lift 200 pounds (91 kg) "repeatedly with minimal strain".[6] DARPA specifications call for the suit to allow lifting of up to 400 pounds (180 kg), but it is not known whether the XOS meets that criterion.[1]
The army will use initial production models of the XOS for logistics and supply tasks such as repetitive lifting of heavy objects. Future models will have various combat customizations for firing heavy weapons or transporting wounded soldiers.[7]
A second iteration, the Raytheon Sarcos XOS 2, was released in 2010.[8]
Robotics
Since its inception in 1983, Sarcos has produced a wide variety of robotic devices for different applications. It builds undersea salvage robots used by the United States Navy and other units for law enforcement organizations. Sarcos also builds robotic props for films and amusement park attractions. For example, Sarcos has built some of the animated pirates seen in the Pirates of the Caribbean attraction appearing at four Disney theme parks,[1] the Wicked Witch of the West audio-animatronic at Disney's Hollywood Studios' The Great Movie Ride, the robotic dinosaurs for Jurassic Park: The Ride at Universal Studios Hollywood, and the robotic fountains for the Bellagio casino in Las Vegas.
Prostheses
Sarcos develops artificial limbs that use sensors to detect the subtle skin or muscle movements and translate them into limb movement.[1]
References
- 1 2 3 4 Lemley, Brad (February 2002). "Really special forces: a powered exoskeleton could transform the average joe into a supersoldier". Discover. 23 (2): 25–26.
- ↑ Staff (2007-11-14). "Business Briefs". The Lowell Sun. MediaNews Group.
- 1 2 Marks, Paul (2006-10-24). "Exoskeleton update". New Scientist Blogs. New Scientist. Retrieved 2008-04-29.
- ↑ Murphs, Darren (2006-10-30). "Sarcos to produce US Army's exoskeletons in 2008". Engadget. Weblogs, Inc. Retrieved 2008-04-29.
- 1 2 Highfield, Robert (2008-04-25). "Robotic exoskeleton replicates Iron Man". Telegraph.co.uk. Telegraph Media Group Limited. Archived from the original on 2008-05-01. Retrieved 2008-04-29.
- ↑ Mone, Gregory (May 2008). "Man of Steel". Popular Science. 272 (5): 44–53.
- ↑ Mirchandani, Rajesh (2008-04-16). "US army develops robotic suits". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 2008-05-02.
- ↑ Shields, Guy; Kovalsky, Corrine (27 September 2010). "Raytheon Unveils Lighter, Faster, Stronger Second Generation Exoskeleton Robotic Suit". Raytheon. Retrieved 9 July 2016.