Squaxin Island Tribe

The Squaxin Island Tribe (also Squaxin, Squaxon) is a Native American tribal government in western Washington state in the United States. The Squaxin Island Tribe is made up of several Lushootseed clans living along several inlets of southern Puget Sound:

the Sahewamish (Sa-Heh-Wa-Mish / Sahe'wabsh) of Hammersley Inlet (Big Skookum) watershed (between Oakland Bay and Shelton Inlet to the Nisqually River and Allister (Medicine) Creek, there were about six villages, including the main village of Sahe'wabsh at Arcadia, Washington, and a village opposite the town of Shelton, Washington, main group of the modern Squaxin Island Tribe, sometimes identified as a subgroup of the Nisqually people)
the Noo-Seh-Chatl / Noosehchatle of Henderson Inlet watershed (their main village Tuts'e'tcaxt / Tutse'tcakl was in the Woodard Bay area on the western shore of the inlet, a subdivision of the Sahewamish/Sa-Heh-Wa-Mish/ Sahe'wabsh tribe, therefore sometimes identified as a subgroup of the Nisqually people)
the Steh-Chass / Statca'sabsh of Budd Inlet watershed (southernmost arm of Puget Sound, lived along the Deschutes River - former Steh-Chass River, their main village was Bus-chuthwud at today's Tumwater, Washington, a subdivision of the Sahewamish/Sa-Heh-Wa-Mish/ Sahe'wabsh tribe, therefore sometimes identified as a subgroup of the Nisqually people)
the Squi-Aitl / Skwayaithlhabsh of Eld Inlet watershed or Mud Bay (a subdivision of the Sahewamish/Sa-Heh-Wa-Mish/ Sahe'wabsh tribe, therefore sometimes identified as a subgroup of the Nisqually people)
the T’Peeksin / Tapi'ksdabsh of Totten Inlet watershed (their main village was on Oyster Bay or Totten Inlet below the town of Oyster Bay, a subdivision of the Sahewamish/Sa-Heh-Wa-Mish/ Sahe'wabsh tribe, therefore sometimes identified as a subgroup of the Nisqually people)
the Squawksin of Case Inlet watershed, and
the S’Hotle-Ma-Mish of Carr Inlet watershed.

Because of their strong cultural connection with the water, they are also known as the People of the Water. The modern tribe is named after a the Squawksin of Case Inlet - meaning “in between” or “piece of land to cross over to another bay” in the Lushootseed language; the name was changed to Squaxin Island.

The Squaxin Island people speak the Lushootseed language. They moved onto their reservation in modern-day Mason County, Washington, in 1855. The Squaxin Island Tribe was one of the first Native American tribes in the U.S. to enter into the Self Governance Demonstration Project with the federal government.

Squaxin Island Indian Reservation

The Squaxin Island Indian Reservation is in southeastern Mason County, Washington. Most of the main reservation is composed of Squaxin Island, but there is also a small part of 26.13 acres (105,700 m²) at Kamilche, in addition to two parcels of off-reservation trust land near Kamilche, as well as a plot of 6.03 acres (24,400 m²) across Pickering Passage from Squaxin Island and a plot of 35.93 acres (145,400 m²) on Harstine Island, across Peale Passage. The total land area including off-reservation trust lands is 6.942 km² (2.68 sq mi, or 1,715.46 acres). Of the total resident population of 405 persons (2000 census), 383 lived in off-reservation trust land to the southeast of Kamilche, and 22 lived on Harstine Island, while the bulk of the reservation's territory, Squaxin Island, was unpopulated.

Little Creek Casino Resort

Little Creek Casino Resort at Kamilche is owned and operated by the Squaxin Island Tribe. LCCR is a Northwest Native American themed Resort.

Museum

The Home of Sacred Belongings - Squaxin Island Museum Library and Research Center

Squaxin Island Tribe had a Squaxin Island Museum, Library and Research Center as early as 2007.^[1] The Squaxin Island Museum Library and Research Center was built circa 2002.^[2] The 13,000-square-foot (1,200 m²) building, designed by a Seattle architecture firm, is shaped to resemble Thunderbird in profile.^[3]

Paddle to Squaxin Island 2012

Canoes arriving in Olympia during the paddle to Squaxin 2012 event.

The Tribal Journeys began in 1989, intending to coincide with the centennial celebration for Washington State. A total of 9 canoes participated in the "Paddle to Seattle" journey, and in 1993, 23 canoes participated in the "Paddle to Bella Bella". Since 1993, "Tribal Journeys" or "The Paddle" has been held annually, with various tribes serving as the host tribe. A total of 102 canoes landed for the "Paddle to Squaxin Island" journey.

An estimated 40,000 people attended or visited the "Paddle to Squaxin Island" journey, hosted by the Squaxin Museum and The Evergreen State College, and funded by a National Endowment for the Arts "Our Town" grant.^[4] Protocol and Dining were held in an old baseball field. The quiet community was loud for a whole week. Months before the event, major construction was done. Many parking lots were made, a campground was built and a Reflecting Pond was put in the Tribal Government Campus.

Tribes from around the country and world attended the event, such as New Zealand, Canada, Alaska, etc.

Police

The Squaxin Police Department, or "Squaxin P.D." is a small tribal police enforcement that usually only stays on the reservation and Little Creek Casino Resort at Kamilche. From the 1970s to 2005, the Squaxin police station, tribal center, gym, research center and education center used to share the same building in what is currently the wellness center (gym and pool). The "Squaxin Drug Task Force" is also enforced by Squaxin P.D.

Gallery

The Squaxin Island Tribal Center
The Elders Building
The New Canoe Shed
During Paddle to Squaxin Island 2012, this tent was used for Protocol.
The Reflecting Pond
A Squaxin Transit bus
The New Community Kitchen
The gym and pool are at the Wellness Center.

References

↑ Parker, Ann (September 2007), "New Native Art Dedicated at TESC Longhouse" (PDF), sgwigwial?tx: News from the Longhouse Education and Cultural Center, Olympia, Washington: The Evergreen State College, p. 3
↑ Wray, Jacilee, ed. (2013), Native Peoples of the Olympic Peninsula: Who We Are, University of Oklahoma Press, p. 96, ISBN 9780806189963
↑ Squaxin Library & Museum, Schacht Aslani Architects
↑ Our Town grant: Olympia, WA: Canoe journey, National Endowment for the Arts, c. 2012, retrieved 2015-04-26

Squaxin Island Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land, Washington United States Census Bureau.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Squaxin Island Tribe.

Squaxin Island Tribe, official website
Squaxin Island Tribe history

Coast Salish

Peoples	Chawathil Cheam Chehalis (WA) Chemainus Clemclemaluts Comiaken Copalis Cowlitz Duwamish Esquimalt Halalt Hoh Homalco Humptulips Katzie Khenipsen Kilpahlas Klahoose Klallam Koksilah Kwa-kwa-a-pilt Kwantlen Kway-quit-lam Nuxalk Sliammon Nanoose Malahat Snuneymuxw Tsawwassen Tsleil-Waututh Shishalh Squamish Musqueam Semiahmoo Matsqui Sumas Scowlitz Sts'Ailes Leq' a: mel Popkum Seabird Island Skwah Skway Shxw'ow'hamel Skawahlook Skowkale Soowahlie Squiala Tzeachten Yakweakwioose T'souk-e Tsartlip Somena Quamichan Penelakut Lamalcha Saanich Lummi Nooksack Lower Skagit Upper Skagit Skokomish (Twana) Muckleshoot Sammamish Samish Sauk-Suiattle Snohomish Snoqualmie Nisqually Puyallup Stillaquamish Suquamish Swinomish Tulalip Quinault Sahewamish Wynoochee Satsop Nehalem (Tillamook) Siletz Quamichan Somena

Governments	Aitchelitz Band Chawathil First Nation Cheam Indian Band Kwantlen First Nation Katzie First Nation Kwaw-kwaw-a-pilt First Nation Leq' a: mel First Nation Matsqui First Nation Popkum Band Scowlitz First Nation Seabird Island Band Skwah First Nation Skway First Nation Shxw'ow'hamel First Nation Skawahlook First Nation Skowkale First Nation Soowahlie First Nation Squiala First Nation Sumas First Nation Tzeachten First Nation Yakweakwioose First Nation Chehalis First Nation Tsleil-waututh First Nation Musqueam Indian Band Katzie First Nation Kwikwetlem First Nation Semiahmoo First Nation Chemainus First Nation Halalt First Nation Homalco First Nation Klahoose First Nation Malahat First Nation Nanoose First Nation Peters Band Sliammon First Nation Snuneymuxw First Nation Tsawwassen First Nation Yale First Nation Yakweakwioose First Nation Tseycum First Nation Tsleil-Waututh First Nation Squamish Nation Union Bar First Nation Nuxalk Nation T'sou-ke First Nation Esquimalt First Nation Tsawout First Nation Cowichan Tribes Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon Confederated Tribes of Siletz Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Cowlitz Indian Tribe Suquamish Tribe Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe Lummi Nation Makah Tribe Muckleshoot Indian Tribe Nisqually Indian Tribe Quinault Indian Nation Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe Samish Indian Nation Skokomish Indian Tribe Snoqualmie Indian Tribe Squaxin Island Tribe Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians Suquamish Tribe Swinomish Indian Tribal Community Tulalip Tribes

Organizations & Institutions	NorthWest Indian Fisheries Commission South Puget Intertribal Planning Agency Washington Indian Gaming Association Union of British Columbia Indian Chiefs

Culture & Society	Music Mythology Art

Languages	Coast Salish languages Comox/Island Comox (†) Sliammon/Mainland Comox Pentlatch Halkomelem Sechelt Squamish Nooksack Saanich Lummi Klallam Lushootseed Whulshootseed Twana Cowlitz Quinault

Indian reservations in Washington

Chehalis Colville Hoh Jamestown S'Klallam Kalispel Lower Elwha Lummi Makah Muckleshoot Nisqually Nooksack Port Gamble Port Madison Puyallup Quileute Quinault Samish Sauk-Suiattle Shoalwater Bay Skokomish Snoqualmie Spokane Squaxin Island Stillaguamish Swinomish Tulalip Upper Skagit Yakama

Municipalities and communities of Mason County, Washington, United States

County seat: Shelton

City	Shelton

CDPs	Allyn-Grapeview Belfair Hoodsport Kamilche Skokomish Union

Other unincorporated communities	Arcadia Eldon Grant Harstine Island Lake Cushman Lilliwaup Matlock Oakland Potlatch Tahuya

Ghost town	Amelia

Indian reservations	Squaxin Island Skokomish

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