Sassi di Matera

"Sassi" redirects here. For the village in Estonia, see Sassi, Estonia.
UNESCO World Heritage Site
The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera
Name as inscribed on the World Heritage List
Type Cultural
Criteria iii, iv, v
Reference 670
UNESCO region Europe and North America
Inscription history
Inscription 1993 (17th Session)

The Sassi di Matera ("Stones of Matera" in English) are ancient cave dwellings in the Italian city of Matera, Basilicata. Situated in the old town, they are composed of the Sasso Caveoso and the later Sasso Barisano.

Geography

The "Sassi" grew in the area of Murgia Plateau,[1] extended between Apulia and Basilicata. Along with the "Civita" and the "Piano", the two Sassi form Matera's Old Town.[2]

History

Panoramic view from the Canyon (Gravina)

The Sassi originate from a prehistoric troglodyte settlement and are suspected to be among the first human settlements in Italy. There is evidence that people were living here as early as the year 7000 BC.[3]

The Sassi are houses dug into the calcarenitic rock itself, which is characteristic of Basilicata and Apulia, locally called "tufo" although it is not volcanic tuff or tufa. The streets in some parts of the Sassi often run on top of other houses. The ancient town grew up on one slope of the ravine created by a river that is now a small stream. The ravine is known locally as "la Gravina".

In the 1950s, the government of Italy forcefully relocated most of the population of the Sassi to areas of the developing modern city. Riddled with malaria, the unhealthy living conditions were considered an affront to the new Italian Republic of Alcide De Gasperi.[4] However, people continued to live in the Sassi, and according to the English Fodor's guide:

Matera is the only place in the world where people can boast to be still living in the same houses of their ancestors of 9,000 years ago.

Until the late 1980s this was considered an area of poverty, since many of these houses were, and in some cases still are, uninhabitable. Current local administration, however, has become more tourism-oriented, and it has promoted the regeneration of the Sassi with the aid of the European Union, the government, UNESCO, and Hollywood. Today there are many thriving businesses, pubs, and hotels there, as described in an April[5] 2015 New Yorker magazine article.

Photogallery

Culture

Sassi with snow (December 2007)
Further information: Matera § Culture

The Sassi are reminiscent of ancient sites in and around Jerusalem, and for this reason they have been used in many Christian-themed films, including The Gospel According to St. Matthew (Pier Paolo Pasolini, 1964), The Passion of the Christ (Mel Gibson, 2004), The Nativity Story (Catherine Hardwicke, 2006) and Ben-Hur (Timur Bekmambetov, 2016).[6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Info about the Murgia Plateau
  2. ↑ http://www.sassitour.it/en/visit-the-sassi-of-matera-with-a-professional-tourist-guide/
  3. ↑ History of the Sassi
  4. ↑ Dennis Marks, speaking on the series Appian Way, BBC Radio 3
  5. ↑ http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/04/27/a-cave-with-a-view
  6. ↑ "Matera's live nativity draws 30,000". ANSA. 6 January 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sassi di Matera.

Coordinates: 40°40′00″N 16°36′30″E / 40.6667°N 16.6083°E / 40.6667; 16.6083

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 12/1/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.