Santhi Soundarajan

Santhi Soundarajan

Personal information
Nationality	Indian
Born	(1981-04-17) 17 April 1981 Kathakkurichi, Pudukkottai District
Residence	Kathakkurichi, Pudukkottai District
Alma mater	NIS, Sports Authority of India(SAI),Bangalore
Height	1.70 m (5 ft 7 in)
Weight	64 kg (141 lb)
Sport
Sport	Running
Event(s)	800 metres, 1500 metres
Achievements and titles
Personal best(s)	800m: 1:55.45 1500m: 4:11.66 National record 3000m: 10:44.65 World Peace Sports Festival Ambassador -2003, Korea,[1] All India Inter University Record Holder: 800Mtrs-2:07.68 Secs.
Medal record Women's athletics Representing  India Asian Games Disqualified 2006 Doha 800 m South Asian Games 2006 Colombo 1500 m 2006 Colombo 4×400 m relay 2006 Colombo 800 m Asian Indoor Games 2005 Bangkok 4×400 m relay 2005 Bangkok 800 m Asian Athletics Championships 2005 Incheon 800 m Asian Grand Prix 2004 Asian Grand Prix,Bangalore 800 m 2004 Asian Grand Prix,Pune 800 m International Peace Sports Festival International Peace Sports Festival 2003 5000 m International Peace Sports Festival 2003 800 m International Peace Sports Festival 2003 400 m

Santhi Soundarajan (also spelled Shanthi Soundararajan,Tamil: சாந்தி சௌந்திரராஜன், born April 1981) is an Indian track and field athlete. She is the winner of 11 international medals for India and around 50 medals for her home state Tamil Nadu. Soundarajan is the first Tamil woman to win a medal at the Asian Games.^[2] She competes in the middle distance track events. She was stripped of a silver medal won at the 2006 Asian Games after failing a gender verification test, disputing her eligibility to participate in the women's competition.^[3]

Early life and career

Santhi Soundarajan was born in 1981 in the village of Kathakkurichi in Pudukkottai District of Tamil Nadu, India. Soundarajan grew up in a 20-by-5 hut across the road from the new home she lives in now. There was no bathroom or outhouse, no running water or electricity. She is one of five children of brick-kiln labourers in a rural village in southern Tamil Nadu state; she overcame malnutrition as a child to become a middle-distance runner. Her family could not even afford a television and watched Santhi's Doha race at a neighbour's house.^[4] Her mother and father had to go to another town to work in a brickyard, where they earned the equivalent of $4 a week. While they were gone, Santhi, the oldest, was in charge of taking care of her four siblings. Sometimes, Soundarajan's grandfather, an accomplished runner, helped while her parents were away. When she was 13, he taught her to run on an open stretch of dirt outside the hut and bought her a pair of shoes.

At her first competition, in eighth grade, Soundarajan won a tin cup; she collected 13 more at interschool competitions. The sports coach at a nearby high school took note of her performances and recruited her. The school paid her tuition and provided her with a uniform and hot lunches. It was the first time Soundarajan had ever eaten three meals a day.

After high school, Soundarajan got a scholarship from an Arts college in Pudukkottai, the nearest town. and the following year, Soundarajan transferred to a college in Chennai, the state's capital, seven hours away. In 2005, she attended the Asian Athletics Championships in South Korea, where she won a silver medal. In 2006, she was chosen to represent India at the Asian Games (run by the Olympic Council of Asia). In the 800 meters, Soundarajan took the silver in 2 minutes, 3.16 seconds, beating Viktoriya Yalovtseva of Kazakhstan by 0.03. This win lead to Soundarajan becoming embroiled in an ongoing, unresolved debate over what makes an athlete female enough to compete as a woman.^[5]

Soundarajan holds the national record for the women’s 3000 metres steeplechase clocking 10:44.65 seconds. At a national meet in Bangalore in July 2005, she won the 800m, 1,500m and 3000m. She won the silver medal in 800 m at the 2005 Asian Championships in Incheon, South Korea.

Asian Games controversy

Soundarajan won a silver medal in the women's 800m race at the 2006 Asian Games held in Doha, Qatar clocking 2 minutes, 3.16 seconds. ^[6] However, she underwent a sex test shortly afterwards, and the results indicated that she "does not possess the sexual characteristics of a woman".^[7] Soon after the results of the sex test came out, she was stripped of her silver medal.^[8]

Five days after the news report, Soundarajan says, she received a call from Lalit Bhanot, a former joint secretary of the Indian Olympic Association. Bhanot spoke to Soundarajan in English. "He told Santhi she can't do sports anymore,'. When she asked why, she was told: It's been confirmed, Santhi cannot compete in sports." ^[9][10][11] Soundarajan returned to her village in humiliation and promptly fell into serious depression. Months later, she tried to kill herself by ingesting a type of poison used by veterinarians. A friend found her vomiting uncontrollably and brought her to a hospital.^[12][13]

While such sex tests are not compulsory for competitors, the International Association of Athletics Federations can request that contenders take such tests at any time, and include intensive evaluation by a gynecologist, a geneticist, an endocrinologist, a psychologist, and an internal medicine specialist. According to her coach, P. Nagarajan, her upbringing in impoverished rural India, where she reportedly only started eating proper meals in 2004, could be a reason behind the test result.^[14]

Santhi Soundarajan support to Caster Semenya

Though there was much outrage and anger amongst the sporting fraternity over the callous attitude of the sports administrators while dealing with “gender issues” and society in general that treats its out-of-favour sporting heroes with disdain and disregard, nothing came of it. Contrast this with Caster Semenya of South Africa, also a middle-distance runner, who nearly lost the gold she won at the 2009 Berlin World Championship after she failed a similar gender test. But her nation rallied around her to safeguard her dignity, her rights and position in world sports. She was also her country’s flag-bearer at the London Olympics 2012.

Santhi Soundarajan supported Semenya, the South African track star whose gender has sparked an international athletics controversy. Soundarajan feared that Semenya would face the same "humiliation" that she did if the South African failed a gender test.^[15][16][17]

Santhi Soundarajan support to Dutee Chand

Soundarajan extended her support to Dutee and said the youngster should not be victimized. She also expressed her dismay at the lack of sensitivity in the handling of the Dutee Chand issue, fearing that the young athlete’s future may have now been jeopardized. Soundarajan demanded that all steps be taken to ensure the 18-year-old’s return to the track.^[18]

In popular culture

In 2006, Amitabh Bachchan raised a question on Santhi in the show Kaun Banega Crorepati 2 he hosted.

The character of Valli in the Tamil film Ethir Neechal is a tribute to Santhi Soundarajan^[19][20]

The Alan Turing Rainbow Festival and Asia's first Genderqueer pride parade by Srishti Madurai during July 2012 featured Soundarajan's story.^[21]

On August 2016 Thappad an online platform and mobile application made a video as part of an online campaign that is asking for Santhi's name to be included in the official records again and that the government should give her a permanent job to rebuild her life.^[22][23]

On 6th October 2016 Team Put Chutney of Culture Machine Media Pvt Ltd uploaded a video with a tag "Justice For Santhi" on Facebook which impacted more than 1 Million people in one week and turned as a support for Santhi.^[24]

Later life

In January 2007, the Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Karunanidhi awarded Soundarajan a television set and a cash prize of Rs. 1.5 million for her Doha Games effort, despite the fallout of Soundarajan failing a gender test. Soundarajan spent her reward money on her students; there are an average of 68 (trainees) and none of them is charged any fee.^[25]

Santhi's application to the state-run railways for a job before the games was turned down because the athlete failed a medical test.^[4]

In September 2007, Soundarajan was reported to have attempted suicide, reportedly by consuming a veterinary drug at her residence.^[11] The attempt was blamed on gender, economic, and sports pressure in India.

Two months later, Soundarajan took up coaching, starting a training academy at her home district of Pudukkottai, and became a temporary athletics coach with the regional government. By 2009, her academy had 68 students and her students had won the first and third positions in the Chennai marathon.^[26] As per reports Santhi Soundarajan worked as a scavenger and daily-wager in a brick kiln and earns Rs 200 per day.^[27][28]

Santhi was admitted to the NIS athletic coach diploma course in Bangalore in 2013.^[29] Soundarajan was one of the 24 coaches in athletics, out of the 108 students who attended the course in eight disciplines. Santhi Soundararajan's dream of becoming a qualified athletics coach came true on 30 April 2014 when she was awarded the NIS diploma certificate at the Sports Authority of India graduation ceremony in Bangalore.^[30][31] Soundarajan doesn't have a permanent job now. Commenting on Soundarajan's situation, Olympic shooter Anjali Bhagwat, who termed the incident as "shameful," said “The athlete should be given at least a central or state government job for her financial stability, in lieu of what Santhi has done for the country,”.^[32]

In December 2014, with the help of Gopi Shankar (a gender activist) and Vanathi Srinivasan (an advocate),^[33] Santhi met Pon. Radhakrishnan, Minister of State for Road Transport and Highways, Olympic silver medallist Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore, Minister of State for Information Technology and Broadcasting, and Union Sports and Youth Affairs Minister Sarbananda Sonowal in New Delhi to present her request. She urged the authorities to help her to get a permanent job as an athletics coach and to restore her 800m silver medal from the 2006 Doha Asian Games.^[34]

Radhakrishnan, a political heavyweight from Tamil Nadu, in turn, wrote to Sports Minister Sarbananda Sonowal to release the cash award to Santhi. But the Ministry’s response to her request for the release of prize money and a permanent job under sports quota has dealt a massive blow to Santhi’s receding hopes. Santhi has been informed through a letter that since the medal has not been restored to her, the Ministry cannot give Rs 10 lakh cash award for the medal. Also, the Ministry does not provide or recommend jobs in central/state government offices.^[35]

Santhi told the BBC Tamil Service that the Indian authorities had not fought her case after she was stripped off her silver medal at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha.^[3][36]

On 29 July 2015, The Madras High Court has directed the State government to consider Santhi’s plea for relaxation in educational qualifications and help her become a coach at the Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu (SDATN). As per the notification issued by the Youth Welfare and Sports Development in April 2015, an applicant contesting for the post of the coach should have an education qualification of a bachelor's degree and Santhi did not have one. Justice D. Hariparanthaman directed the Secretary of the Youth Welfare and Sports Development to “consider her claim for the post of coach by granting requisite relaxation as a special case”, in the light of the documents produced by her in the sports area and pass appropriate orders within six weeks.^[37]

Court of Arbitration for Sport Verdict

Santhi Soundarajan hopes to run again. Welcoming the Court of Arbitration for Sport's ruling in favour of Dutee Chand on 27 July 2015 for suspending gender test, the landmark ruling has also fuelled Santhi's hopes of regaining the silver medal and the Rs 10-lakh prize money from the central government which was withheld after the gender test row.^[38][39]

RTI Petitions filed in 2016 and later measures

Santhi filed RTI petition on March 2016 to seek her gender test report, communications, correspondence related to Asian Games 2006 with Sports Authority of India, Athletics Federation of India, Indian Olympic Association and Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports but she received a negative contradicting reply from them.^[40]

“The AFI’s RTI response says that they did not bar Santhi while other authorities—Indian Olympic Association, SAI, the ministry of youth services and sports—have all responded to her separate RTI queries saying that the matter did not pertain to them. Santhi said she is not sure who banned her in the first place.^[41]

On 27th September 2016 The National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) has served a notice on the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports in response to a petition filed by Santhi. The NCSC has decided to investigate allegations of injustice levelled by Santhi and sought a response in the matter from the secretary of the Department of Sports within 30 days.^[42][43]

Tamil Nadu Government's Intervention

On 16th October 2016 Santhi was informed that the State government has decided to appoint her as a permanent athletic coach under Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu Sports Minister K. Pandiarajan said the State will plead her case with the International Court of Arbitration for Sport. he also stated that the Tamil Nadu Government will write to SAI, Indian Olympic Association and Athletics Federation of India to take up Santhi’s case in that forum.^[44]

Achievements & Honours

Soundarajan has won 11 international medals and 50 national medals, including:

• Gold Medal – 2005 Asian Indoor Games – 4x400 relay
• Gold Medal – 2005 Asian Indoor Games – 800 meters
• Gold Medal - 2006 South Asian Games – 1500 meters
• Gold Medal - 2006 South Asian Games – 4x400 relay
• Gold Medal - 2003 International Peace Sports Festival - 5000 meters
• Silver Medal - 2006 South Asian Games – 800 meters
• Silver Medal - 2005 Asian Athletics Championships - 800 meters
• Silver Medal - 2004 Asian Grand Prix, Bangalore - 800 meters
• Silver Medal - 2004 Asian Grand Prix, Pune - 800 meters
• Silver Medal - 2003 International Peace Sports Festival - 800 meters
• Bronze Medal - 2003 International Peace Sports Festival – 400 meters

See also

• Sex verification in sports
• Intersex
• Sexual differentiation
• Ethir Neechal (2013 film)
• Dutee Chand
• Maria José Martínez-Patiño
• Caster Semenya

References