Salvestrol

A salvestrol is a natural, dietary phytochemical that can be converted into a cytotoxic metabolite by Cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP1B1 that is overexpressed by cancer cells.[1] The name "salvestrols" was coined by medicinal chemist Gerrard Potter.[2] "Salvestrol" has been trademarked and is used to market dietary supplements and other products.[3][4] Some salvestrol-based products contain extracts from blackcurrant, blueberry, strawberry, and tangerine peel.[5]

Initial public reception

On January 1, 2005 The Observer reported that "salvestrols" had been chosen as one of the "20 big ideas" of that year.[6] A 2007 BBC News story reported on a laboratory study that had found salvestrols extracted from tangerine peel show anti-cancer effects. Commenting on this, a spokesperson from Cancer Research UK said, "while this research shows that salvestrols have an effect on cells in the laboratory, there is no evidence that they have a similar effect in patients".[7]

Ineffectiveness of resveratrol

Enthusiasm for resveratrol, the first salvestrol discovered, decreased substantially with additional scientific investigation. A large clinical trial of a resveratrol-based pharmaceutical, SRT-501, was halted when it showed no anti-cancer activity and had significant side effects.[8] Follow-up studies were unable to replicate the purported mechanism of action of resveratrol.[9][10] In 2012, Dipak K. Das, a researcher at the University of Connecticut whose work focused on the purported health benefits of resveratrol, was found guilty of 145 counts of fabricating or falsifying research data.[11][12]

Salvesterols have been marketed as dietary supplements promoted for their supposed anti-cancer abilities. According to Andy Lewis, publisher of The Quackometer Blog, "there is no evidence to suggest that these plant-derived chemicals have any positive effect on reducing cancer risk when taken in supplement form or for forming any part of a medical regime for cancer sufferers".[13] In a 2013 Royal Society of Chemistry podcast, Philip Broadwith stated that "despite the lack of reliable data on resveratrol's effects in humans, the compound is still marketed as a dietary health supplement."[8]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Tan, H. L. et al (2007). "Salvestrols–natural anticancer prodrugs in the diet". Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 59(S1):A-59–A-63. doi:10.1211/002235707781850122.
  2. ↑ Ware, W. R. (2009). "Nutrition and the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer: Association of Cytochrome P450 CYP1B1 With the Role of Fruit and Fruit Extracts". Integrative Cancer Therapies. 8 (1): 22–28. doi:10.1177/1534735408328573. PMID 19116217.
  3. ↑ "SALVESTROL UK00002375611". Intellectual Property Office. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  4. ↑ Lewis, Andy (10 July 2006). "Trademarked Science Trade-Offs". The Quackometer Blog. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  5. ↑ Ware, W. R. (2008). "Nutrition and the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer: Association of Cytochrome P450 CYP1B1 with the Role of Fruit and Fruit Extracts". Integrative Cancer Therapies. 8 (1): 22–8. doi:10.1177/1534735408328573. PMID 19116217.
  6. ↑ "20 big ideas". The Observer. Saturday, January 1, 2005. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  7. ↑ "Tangerine peel 'kills cancer'". BBC News. 12 September 2007.
  8. 1 2 Broadwith, Phillip; Meera Senthilingam (June 26, 2013). "Resveratrol". Royal Society of Chemistry.
  9. ↑ Beher D, Wu J, Cumine S, Kim KW, Lu SC, Atangan L, Wang M (2009). "Resveratrol is not a direct activator of SIRT1 enzyme activity". Chem Biol Drug Des. 74 (6): 619–24. doi:10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00901.x. PMID 19843076.
  10. ↑ Pacholec M, Bleasdale JE, Chrunyk B, Cunningham D, Flynn D, Garofalo RS, Griffith D, Griffor M, Loulakis P, Pabst B, Qiu X, Stockman B, Thanabal V, Varghese A, Ward J, Withka J, Ahn K (2010). "SRT1720, SRT2183, SRT1460, and resveratrol are not direct activators of SIRT1". J Biol Chem. 285 (11): 8340–51. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.088682. PMC 2832984Freely accessible. PMID 20061378.
  11. ↑ "Red wine researcher flagged for fake data". Associated Press. January 11, 2012.
  12. ↑ Weir, William; Kathleen Megan (January 12, 2012). "Investigation Finds UConn Professor Fabricated Research". Hartford Courant.
  13. ↑ Lewis, Andy (15 February 2007). "We the undersigned…". The Quackometer Blog. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 5/31/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.