Rosemary Brown (spiritualist)
| Rosemary Brown | |
|---|---|
 Rosemary Brown in 1980 | |
| Born | 27 July 1916 |
| Died | 16 November 2001 (aged 85) |
| Nationality | English |
| Occupation |
Composer pianist Spirit Medium |
Rosemary Isabel Brown (27 July 1916 – 16 November 2001) was an English composer, pianist and spirit medium who claimed that dead composers dictated new musical works to her. She created a small media sensation in the 1970s by presenting works purportedly dictated to her by Claude Debussy, Edvard Grieg, Franz Liszt, Franz Schubert, Frédéric Chopin, Igor Stravinsky, Johann Sebastian Bach, Johannes Brahms, Ludwig van Beethoven, Robert Schumann and Sergei Rachmaninoff.
Life
Rosemary Isabel Dickeson was born in London in 1916. She claimed to have been only seven years old when she was first introduced to the world of dead musicians. She reported that a spirit with long white hair and a flowing black cassock appeared and told her he was a composer and would make her a famous musician one day. She did not know who he was until, about ten years later, she saw a picture of Franz Liszt. Many other members of Brown's family were allegedly psychic, including her parents and grandparents.
She worked for the Post Office from the age of 15. In 1948 she acquired a second-hand upright piano, and took some lessons for three years.[1] In 1952 she married Charles Brown, a government scientist. They had a son and a daughter before her husband died in 1961.
Then in 1964 Liszt supposedly renewed contact and Brown began transcribing original compositions she said were dictated to her by great musicians of the past. Brown transcribed pieces from Johannes Brahms, Johann Sebastian Bach, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Franz Schubert, Edvard Grieg, Claude Debussy, Frédéric Chopin, Robert Schumann, Ludwig van Beethoven, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Liszt. These included a 40-page sonata she attributed to Schubert, a Fantaisie-Impromptu in three movements she attributed to Chopin, 12 songs she attributed to Schubert, and two sonatas and two symphonies she attributed to Beethoven.
Brown claimed that each composer had his own way of dictating to her: Liszt controlled her hands for a few bars at a time, and then she wrote down the notes; Chopin told her the notes and pushed her hands on to the right keys; Schubert tried to sing his compositions; and Beethoven and Bach simply dictated the notes. She claimed the composers spoke to her in English.[2]
Critical reception
The psychologist Robert Kastenbaum analysed Brown's music compositions and came to doubt that they were dictated to Brown by spirits of well known composers. According to Kastenbaum:
There is no striking themes, complex structures, depths of feelings, or harmonic, tonal, or rhythmic innovations. During their days on earth all the composers not only created distinguished music but also contributed to the development of compositions for the keyboard. One of the characteristics that made each of them so remarkable was their unpredictability. Their next composition might well open a new domain in musical sensitivity or technique. Alas, they have now all fallen into desuetude. Nothing new shows up to enrich their post-mortem compositions, and nothing surprises, except perhaps the lack of surprises.[3]
Kastenbaum suggested the composers were secondary personalities of Brown herself.[3]
Brown maintained that she had never had any musical training aside from a few piano lessons, though paranormal investigator Harry Edwards says:[4]
A perusal of newspaper reports about Ms. Brown elicits contradictory information about her alleged lack of musical education. Originally she stated that she had had no musical training; later she was reported to have had only a couple of years of music lessons, and recently admitted to belonging to a musical household and being a competent musician and pianist.
According to the psychologist Andrew Neher:
[Brown] loved music as a child, there was a piano in her home while she was growing up, her mother played the piano, and she herself took piano lessons. All of this, together with the enhanced skill often displayed in altered states of consciousness, seems sufficient to account for her musical compositions.[5]
Alan Rich, music critic of New York magazine, having heard a privately issued record of Brown's piano pieces, concluded that they were just sub-standard re-workings of some of their purported composers' better-known compositions. After studying the compositions, psychologists came to the conclusion they were the work of Brown's own subconscious. Leonard Zusne and Warren H. Jones in their book Anomalistic Psychology: A Study of Magical Thinking (1989) noted that "Brown wrote hundreds of pieces of music dictated by the various composers. They were passable works, entirely in the style of these composers, but appeared to be simply reworkings of existing pieces."[6]
John Sloboda wrote that Brown's music offers "the most convincing case of unconscious composition on a large scale."[7]
Publications
Rosemary Brown published three books:
- Unfinished Symphonies: Voices from the Beyond William Morrow, 1971; ISBN 978-0688026974
- Immortals at My Elbow Bachman & Turner, 1974; ISBN 978-0859740197
- Look Beyond Today Bantam Press, 1986; ISBN 978-0593010419
- Sheet music available at Keturi Musikverlag (Germany)
References
- ↑ Martin, Douglas (2 December 2001). "Rosemary Brown, a Friend of Dead Composers, Dies at 85". New York Times. Retrieved 29 September 2008.
- ↑ Brown, Rosemary. (1971). Unfinished Symphonies. William Morrow. p. 161
- 1 2 Kastenbaum, Robert. (1984). Is There Life After Death?. Rider and Company. pp. 182–183
- ↑ Edwards, Harry (1995). "Rosemary Brown (1931 – )". A skeptic's guide to the New Age. Australian Skeptics. ISBN 978-0-646-24502-7. (from on-line copy in Investigator (104), September 2005, retrieved 29 September 2008)
- ↑ Neher, Andrew. (2011). Paranormal and Transcendental Experience: A Psychological Examination. Dover Publications. p. 208. ISBN 0-486-26167-0
- ↑ Zusne, Leonard; Jones, Warren H. (1989). Anomalistic Psychology: A Study of Magical Thinking. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-805-80507-9
- ↑ Brown, Matthew. (2012). Debussy Redux: The Impact of His Music on Popular Culture. Indiana University Press. pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-0-253-35716-8