Roads in Kerala
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Kerala, southern most state of India has a good network of roads. It has nine National Highways, number of State Highways and many district roads.
Distribution of Road
Agency-wise by distribution[1]
| Sl. No. | Name of Department/Agency | Length (KM) | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Panchayats | 265421.120 | 80.00 |
| 2 | PWD (R&B) | 31811.601 | 9.6 |
| 3 | Municipalities | 18411.870 | 2.0 |
| 4 | Corporation | 6644 | 4.381 |
| 5 | Forests | 4575.770 | 1.5 |
| 6 | Irrigation | 2611.900 | 0.79 |
| 7 | National Highways† | 1568.0 | 0.47 |
| 8 | Others (Railways,KSEB) | 328 | 0.09 |
| Total | 331372.261 | 100 |
†NHAI maintains 444.9 km and Kerala PWD (NH) section maintains rest of the National Highways from direction of MORTH
District-wise and Category-wise Length of Roads [2]
| Sl.No | Name of District | State Highways | Major District Roads | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thiruvananthapuram | 180.36 | 2420.430 | 2600.790 |
| 2 | Kollam | 123.79 | 2055.570 | 2179.360 |
| 3 | Alappuzha | 170.841 | 1303.120 | 1473.961 |
| 4 | Pathanamthitta | 249.194 | 1790.570 | 2039.764 |
| 5 | Kottayam | 406.531 | 3042.770 | 3449.301 |
| 6 | Idukki | 998.372 | 1853.390 | 2851.762 |
| 7 | Ernakulam | 325.206 | 2815.550 | 3140.756 |
| 8 | Thrissur | 374.033 | 1681.73 | 2055.763 |
| 9 | Palakkad | 245.987 | 1926.800 | 2172.787 |
| 10 | Malappuram | 374.764 | 2301.130 | 2675.894 |
| 11 | Kozhikode | 377.173 | 2063.930 | 2441.103 |
| 12 | Wayanad | 128.955 | 900.350 | 1029.305 |
| 13 | Kannur | 244.665 | 2013.230 | 2257.895 |
| 14 | Kasaragode | 141.78 | 1301.380 | 1443.160 |
| Total† | 4341.651 | 27469.950 | 31811.601 | |
†Maintained by PWD (R&B) as on 31-3-2015
National Highways
Kerala has eight National Highways which run for about 1811.52 km. Kerala has narrower National Highways compared to other parts of India. Kerala is the only state, other than Goa, which has requested for narrower highways in the state. NHAI upgrades highways to a minimum 4-lane, 60-meter-wide, grade-separated highway or a better standard across India. But in Kerala, National Highways are being upgraded to 45-meter-wide highways.[3] Now Kerala State Government has requested NHAI to reduce the width of National highways in state to 30-meters, although neighbouring Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are upgrading their National Highways as 60-meters or more wider highways, with futuristic provision for 6/8-lane highway.[4] The reason cited by the State Government is the difficulty and disinterest in Land Acquisition, which is the responsibility of the State Government. NHAI has stopped working on many of the highway widening/upgrade projects as there are protest against it in the state.
The Palakkad—Thrissur—Kochi stretch of NH 544 is a part of North-South and East-West Corridor of the Indian highway system.Due to the present land acquisition crisis, NHAI stopped the feasibility study into the oncoming project under NHDP–Phase-III scheme in the stretch of NH 66.There was a proposal for construction of standalone ring road/bypasses around Tiruvananthapuram City under NHDP Phase VII.
| S.No. | New NH No. | OSM Relation | Route | Length (km.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | NH 66 | 5828181 | Thalappady - Parassala | 669.437 |
| 2 | NH 85 | 5830968 | Bodimettu - Kundannoor | 167.61 |
| 3 | NH 183 | 5830952 | Kollam - Kumily | 190.3 |
| 4 | NH 183A | 5830954 | Adoor - Kaipattoor - Pathanamthitta - Vandiperiyar | 145 |
| 5 | NH 185 | 5830973 | Adimali -Cheruthoni- Painavu -Kumily (NH 183) | 98 |
| 6 | NH 544 | 5804290 | Valayar - Edappally | 160 |
| 7 | NH 744 | 5804338 | Kollam - Aryankavu | 81.28 |
| 8 | NH 766 | 5828352 | Kozhikode - Muthanga | 117.6 |
| 9 | NH 966 | 5828374 | Ramanattukara - Palakkad | 125.304 |
| 10 | NH 966A | 5828385 | Kalamassery - Vallarpadam | 17 |
| 11 | NH 966B | 5828387 | Kundannoor - Willington Island | 5.92 |
| - | - | - | Total | 1811.52 km |
State Highways
There are 72 state highways in Kerala. Of them, MC Road (Main-Central Road), proposed Hill Highway (Kerala) and Main Eastern Highway are the largest. The respective State Highway number is displayed on the top of all milestones (black in colour in green background) on the respective road.
The State Road Improvement Project (SRIP) envisages to improve and upgrade 1200 km of State Highways and Major District Roads to enhance the capacity and riding quality with proper maintenance plan, road safety and reducing the expenditure on periodic maintenance. The project is implemented by Road Infrastructure Company Kerala (RICK) Ltd. Road Infrastructure Company Kerala Limited (RICK) was incorporated on March 2012 as a Special Purpose Vehicle with paid up capital contributed by Government of Kerala (51%) and Kerala Road Fund Board (49%).[5] About 29 road sections totalling to a length of 469 km has identified for rehabilitation improvements by the company. Rehabilitation project include strengthening/reconstruction of pavement/structure, junction improvements, provision of road furniture, bus bay byes and other traffic management measures. The company plans to upgrade 32 roads of 644 km. Upgrades involve widening the carriageway with paved shoulder (1.5 m on either side), widening of narrow CD works, geometric improvements, junction improvements, identifying the grade separation requirements, etc.
Sustainable and Planned Effort to Ensure Infrastructure Development (SPEEID) KERALA - Kerala government have formulated the project of constructing flyovers, bridges and roads at selected areas in the state in order to reduce the increasing traffic congestion. The project named as ‘SPEEID KERALA’ comprises 23 projects at the estimated cost of `10,000 Crore.The Kerala Road Fund Board (KRFB), the special purpose vehicle under the PWD, had been entrusted with the task of mobilizing funds for the projects. Work of 5 proects are in progress.[6]
The Kerala State Transport Project, costing 336 million US dollars (Rs 1612 crores) - of which World Bank financing is US $255 million (Rs 1224 crores) and State's contribution is US $79.00 million(Rs 388 crores), aims to improve traffic flow and road safety on Kerala State's primary road network, and to strengthen the institutional and financial capacity of Kerala's key transport sector agencies.The KSTP was designed to upgrade 581 km and cover 1000 km under maintenance in two Phases. However, due to several reasons including delay in land acquisition, only 254 km of Phase I road was upgraded and maintenance works for 1180 km were carried out from June 2002 and December 2009. The KSTP phase 2 envisages upgrading 363 km of SH and MDR, Road Safety Management and Institutional Strengthening of PWD. The total Project cost is 445 million USD out of which 216 million USD is loan assistance from World Bank.
See also
References
- ↑ "Economic review 2015".
- ↑ "Economic review 2015" (PDF). Retrieved Feb 27, 2016.
- ↑ http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/highway-authority-projects-hit-road-block-in-kerala-goa-bengal-112031100019_1.html
- ↑ http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/states/keralas-move-to-restrict-road-width-draws-flak/article5101305.ece
- ↑ http://rickltd.org/projects/
- ↑ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kerala-scales-down-speeid-projects/article6634323.ece
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