Rita Ndzanga
Rita Alice Ndzanga (neé More born October 17, 1933) is an anti-apartheid activist and trade unionist in South Africa.
Biography
Ndzanga was born on October 17, 1933 in Mogopa village, near Ventersdorp.[1] Her family moved back and forth between Sophiatown and Mogopa during her childhood.[1] Ndzanga didn't finish high school, only reaching Form Three (Standard Eight).[1]
Her first job was working with the Brick and Tile Workers Union.[1] In 1955, she began working as the secretary for the Railway Workers Union.[1] Ndzanga married Lawrence Ndzanga in 1956.[2] Soon after, she became the secretary of the South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU).[2] Ndzanga took part in the Women's March in 1956.[3]
Ndzanga was banned from working with trade unions in 1964.[4] Both she and her husband were detained under Section 6 of the Terrorism Act on May 12, 1969.[1] She was imprisoned with Winnie Mandela, Thoka Mngoma, Martha Dlamini and Joyce Sikhakane.[1] Ndzanga had four small children she had to leave behind. She was also tortured in prison.[5] The police took shifts in order to interrogate her throughout the day.[6] Walter Sisulu was able to send "a letter of encouragement" to Ndzanga while she was in prison.[7]
In November 1976, she and her husband were detained again and in December, he was charged again under the Terrorism Act. In January 1977, he was reported to have heart attack while in prison, and Ndzanga, who was also detained, was not allowed to attend his funeral.[8][9] She was released the day after his funeral.[1]
Ndzanga became involved with the Federation of Transvaal Women (FEDTRAW) in 1984, where she was considered an "active patron."[1] In 1999, she served as a member of Parliament.[1]
A film based on Ndzanga's life, Rita Ndzanga - South African, came out in 1984.[10] On June 18, 2004, South Africa awarded Ndzanga with the Order of Luthuli.[11] Ndzanga has remained active. She described her time as a detainee during apartheid on 2011 as part of Governance Week.[12]
See also
References
Citations
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Rita Alice Ndzanga". South African History Online. 21 September 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
- 1 2 "Death in Detention: Remembering Lawrence Ndzanga". SAHA Archive for Justice. 8 January 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
- ↑ Watson, Amanda (8 September 2016). "Women Must Carry on What was Started 60 Years Ago". The Citizen. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
- ↑ Luckhardt; Wall. "Organize... or Starve! - The History of the SACTU". South African Congress of Trade Unions. South African History Online. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
- ↑ Du Preez Bezdrob 2003, p. 148.
- ↑ "Women Play a Leading Role". South African History Online. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
- ↑ Sisulu 2003, p. 318.
- ↑ Sithole & Ndlovu 2006, p. 229.
- ↑ "Centenary Flame Alights in Jozi". Joburg, My City, Our Future. 15 June 2012. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
- ↑ "Rita Ndzanga - South African (1984)". British Film Institute. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
- ↑ "2004 National Orders Awards". South Africa.Info. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
- ↑ "Women Talk of Activism". Joburg, My City, Our Future. 30 August 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
Sources
- Du Preez Bezdrob, Anné Mariè (2003). Winnie Mandela: A Life. Zebra Press. ISBN 1868729265.
- Sisulu, Elinor (2003). Walter & Albertina Sisulu: In Our Lifetime (2nd ed.). David Philip. ISBN 9780864866394.
- Sithole, Jabulani; Ndlovu, Sifiso (2006). "The Revival of the Labour Movement, 1970-1980". The Road to Democracy in South Africa. 2. University of South Africa, Pretoria. ISBN 1868884066.