Program Files

Program Files is the directory name of a standard folder in Microsoft Windows operating systems in which applications that are not part of the operating system are conventionally installed. Typically, each application installed under the 'Program Files' directory will have a subdirectory for its application-specific resources. Shared resources, for example resources used by multiple applications from one company, are typically stored in the 'Common Program Files' directory.

In a standard Windows installation, the 'Program Files' directory will be at %SystemDrive%\Program Files (or the localized equivalent thereof), and the 'Common Program Files' (or the localized equivalent thereof) will be a subdirectory under 'Program Files'. In Windows Vista and later, the paths to the 'Program Files' and 'Common Program Files' directories are not localized on disk. Instead, the localized names are NTFS junction points to the non-localized locations. Additionally, the Windows shell localizes the name of the Program Files folder depending on the system's user interface display language.

Both 'Program Files' and 'Common Program Files' can be moved. At system startup, the actual paths to 'Program Files' and 'Common Program Files' are loaded from the Windows registry, where they are stored in the ProgramFilesDir and CommonFilesDir values under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion. They are then made accessible to the rest of the system via the volatile environment variables %ProgramFiles%, and %CommonProgramFiles%. Applications can also obtain the locations of these paths by querying the Setup API using dirids, or through Windows Management Instrumentation, or by querying the shell using CSIDLs, or ShellSpecialFolderConstants. These are all localization-independent methods.

x86-64 versions of Windows have two folders for application files; 'Program Files' folder serves as the default installation target for 64-bit programs, while the 'Program Files (x86)' folder is the default installation target for 32-bit programs that need WoW64 emulation layer. While 64-bit Windows versions also have a %ProgramFiles(x86)% environment variable, the dirids and CSIDLs are not different between 32-bit and 64-bit environments; the APIs merely return different results, depending on whether the calling process is emulated or not.

To be backwards compatible with the 8.3 limitations of the old File Allocation Table filenames, the names 'Program Files', 'Program Files (x86)' and 'Common Program Files' are shortened by the system to progra~N and common~N, where N is a digit, a sequence number that on a clean install will be 1 (or 1 and 2 when both 'Program Files' and 'Program Files (x86)' are present).

If Windows is installed on an NTFS volume, by default, the 'Program Files' folder can only be modified by members of the 'Administrators' user groups. This can be an issue for programs created for Windows 9x. Those operating systems had no file system security, and programs could therefore also store their data in 'Program Files'. Programs that store their data in 'Program Files' will usually not run correctly on Windows NT systems with normal user privileges unless security is lowered for the affected subdirectories. Windows Vista addressed this issue by introducing File and Registry Virtualization.

Localization

Language of Windows Name of the folder that
stores program files		 Name of the folder that
stores shared program files
English Program Files Common Files
French Programmes * Fichiers communs
Finnish Program Files Common Files
Spanish Archivos de programa Archivos comunes
German Programme Gemeinsame Dateien
Hebrew Program Files Common Files
Hungarian Programfájlok Common Files
Italian Programmi File comuni
Japanese Program Files Common Files
Korean Program Files Common Files
Danish Programmer Fælles filer
Swedish Program Delade filer
Turkish Program Files (Program Dosyaları (x86) for WoW64) Common Files
Norwegian Programfiler Fellesfiler
Portuguese (Brasil) Arquivos de Programas Arquivos comuns
Portuguese Programas Ficheiros comuns
Romanian Program Files Common Files
Russian Program Files Common Files
Polish Program Files (Pliki programów (x86) for WoW64) Common Files
Dutch Program Files Common Files
Czech Program Files Common Files
Chinese (Simplified, Traditional, Taiwan) Program Files Common Files
Arabic Program Files Common Files
Hellenic (Greek) Αρχεία Εφαρμογών Common Files
* In Windows Vista and later versions. (The folder name was the same as in English in the older versions of Microsoft Windows.)

See also


References


    This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 2/4/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.