Platform of European Memory and Conscience

Platform of European Memory and Conscience
Motto Democracy matters
Formation 14 October 2011 (2011-10-14)
Type Educational project of the European Union
Purpose Prevent intolerance, extremism, anti-democratic movements and the recurrence of any totalitarian rule in the future; support the activities of institutions engaged in reconciling with totalitarian regimes in Europe
Location
Membership
51 government agencies and NGOs from 13 EU Member States
President
 Göran Lindblad
Managing director
 Neela Winkelmann-Heyrovská
Parent organisation
 European Union
Website memoryandconscience.eu

The Platform of European Memory and Conscience is an educational project of the European Union bringing together government institutions and NGOs from EU countries active in research, documentation, awareness raising and education about the crimes of totalitarian regimes. Its membership include 51 government agencies and NGOs from 13 EU member states as well as from the United States, such as the Institute of National Remembrance, the Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memorial, the Stasi Records Agency and the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation. The platform has offices in Prague and Brussels.

The platform was founded in Prague on the occasion of the summit of Prime Ministers of the Visegrád Group on 14 October 2011. The signing ceremony took place in the Lichtenstein Palace under the auspices of Czech Prime Minister Petr Nečas, Polish Prime Minister and President of the European Council Donald Tusk, and Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán.[1][2] Its goal is described as helping "prevent intolerance, extremism, anti-democratic movements and the recurrence of any totalitarian rule in the future."[3]

The initiative was originally proposed by the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes and the Government of the Czech Republic, and the 2008 Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism;[4] on 2 April 2009, the European Parliament passed a resolution in favour of the initiative,[5] and in June 2009, the Council of the European Union welcomed the initiative. The Platform of European Memory and Conscience was founded as an initiative of the Polish EU presidency in 2011, after the project had been promoted by the Czech EU presidency already in 2009 and by the Hungarian EU presidency in 2011.[6] The secretariat of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience was originally hosted by the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes, and the platform has received a strategic grant from the International Visegrád Fund. The founding institutions included government agencies of the Czech Republic, Poland, Germany, Hungary, Romania, Lithuania, Estonia, and Latvia, as well as several NGOs. The organisation's strategic partners include the International Visegrád Fund and the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. The motto of the platform is "democracy matters."

History

On 8 April 2008, the Slovenian EU Presidency and the European Commission organised the European Public Hearing on Crimes Committed by Totalitarian Regimes. The hearing called for the establishment of a foundation which would increase "public awareness at the EU level, develop cultual and educational projects and notably provide support to networking of national research institutions specialised in the subject of totalitarian experience, provide support for the European and national research and educational projects."[7]

In June 2008, the international conference European Conscience and Communism was hosted by the Czech Senate Committee on Education, Science, Culture, Human Rights and Petitions. The resulting Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism called for the establishment of an Institute of European Memory and Conscience.

In 2009, Czech EU Presidency and the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes invited all member states to participate in the joint establishment of a Platform of European Memory and Conscience. Following a meeting in Prague in November 2008, representatives of 19 states and 12 partner institutions decided to establish a Working Group on the Platform of European Memory and Conscience, which was co-ordinated by the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes. As of 2011, the working group included 35 institutions and organisations from 19 European countries. The working group co-operates closely with the Reconciliation of European Histories Group, an all-party group in the European Parliament which is chaired by former European Commissioner Sandra Kalniete.

On 18 March 2009, the Czech EU Presidency hosted the European Public Hearing on European Conscience and Crimes of Totalitarian Communism: 20 Years After, as "the third step towards the establishment of a European Platform of Memory and Conscience to support the activities of institutions engaged in reconciling with totalitarian regimes in Europe."[8]

On 2 April 2009, the European Parliament adopted (553:44:33) a resolution on European conscience and totalitarianism, which called "for the establishment of a Platform of European Memory and Conscience to provide support for networking and cooperation among national research institutes specialising in the subject of totalitarian history, and for the creation of a pan-European documentation centre/memorial for the victims of all totalitarian regimes."[5]

In its 15 June 2009 conclusions, the EU General Affairs and External Relations Council welcomed the initiative to create the Platform of European Memory and Conscience and requested that the European Commission provide financial instruments for the activities.

In February 2010, the Working Group on the Platform of European Memory and Conscience hosted the international conference Crimes of the Communist Regimes in the Czech Senate and the Office of the Government of the Czech Republic under the auspices of Prime Minister Jan Fischer. The conference resulted in the adoption of the Declaration on Crimes of Communism, which called "upon EU member states to increase the awareness raising and education about crimes of communism," and stated that "the creation of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience, as supported by the European Parliament and the EU Council in 2009, must be completed at EU level."[9]

In its 9–10 June 2011 conclusions on the memory of crimes committed by totalitarian regimes in Europe, the EU Justice and Home Affairs Council invited all interested parties to make use of existing EU programmes to establish a Platform of European Memory and Conscience.

The then-incumbent Polish EU Presidency founded the Platform of European Memory and Conscience with the participation of the governments and government institutions of a number of other EU countries on 14 October 2011. The Platform has received a strategic grant from the International Visegrád Fund.

Executive board, board of trustees and secretariat

The elected President of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience is Göran Lindblad (former MP, Sweden, who drafted the Council of Europe resolution 1481). The Executive Board members include Siegfried Reiprich (Stiftung Sächsische Gedenkstätten, Germany), Paweł Ukielski (Warsaw Rising Museum, Poland), Zsolt Szilágyi (Head of Cabinet of László Tökés, Vice-President of the European Parliament), and Toomas Hiio (Estonian Institute of Historical Memory). Andreja Valič Zver (Study Centre for National Reconciliation, Slovenia) was a member 2011–2015.

The Platform has offices in Prague and Brussels. Neela Winkelmann serves as managing director of the Platform.[10]

In 2012, the institution's Board of Trustees was elected. The first elected members were Sandra Kalniete MEP, Vytautas Landsbergis MEP, Tunne Kelam MEP, László Tökés MEP, and Milan Zver MEP.[11] As of 2016, the Board of Trustees includes the original members as well as Paweł Robert Kowal MEP, Werner Schulz MEP, Monica Macovei MEP, Radvilė Morkūnaitė-Mikulėnienė MEP, former Czech Senator Martin Mejstřík, former Czech Deputy Prime Minister Alexandr Vondra, former Solidarność leader Wojciech Roszkowski MEP, historian Stéphane Courtois, journalist Anne Applebaum, former Prime Minister of Slovenia Janez Janša, and Czech actor Ondřej Vetchý.

Activities

The platform will co-ordinate the study of the totalitarian past on the European level. According to Daniel Herman, the Director of the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes, one of the first joint projects might be a European history textbook.[6]

When the countries of the former Eastern bloc entered the EU, their totalitarian communist past became a part of the European heritage
— Daniel Herman, Prague Daily Monitor

On 5 June 2012, the Platform of European Memory and Conscience and the Reconciliation of European Histories Group hosted the conference Legal Settlement of Communist Crimes in the European Parliament, under the auspices of Hans-Gert Pöttering and Jerzy Buzek, devoted to the issue of forming a special court tribunal for the crimes of communism, and "raising the issue of justice for the most serious crimes committed by the Communist dictatorships in Central and Eastern Europe from the national to a European level." The conference was a response "to growing calls for strengthened international justice formulated e.g., in the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism."[12][13] Following the conference, the Platform of European Memory and Conscience founded an international legal expert group to "work on a road map for establishing a supranational institution of justice" devoted to the "crimes committed by the Communist dictatorships."[14]

Member institutions

Founding members
Additional members

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Institute of National Remembrance Cofounds the Platform of European Memory and Conscience". Poland.pl. 17 October 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
  2. ↑ "Czech, Hungarian, Polish PMs sign European memory platform". Ceskenoviny.cz. 14 October 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
  3. ↑ "Czech Prime minister Petr Nečas: The years of totalitarianism were years of struggle for liberty". Memoryandconscience.eu. 20 October 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
  4. ↑ Charles Recknagel (13 October 2011). "How Much Do Western Europeans Know About Communist Crimes?". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on 2 February 2012. Retrieved 2012-02-02.
  5. 1 2 "European Parliament resolution of 2 April 2009 on European conscience and totalitarianism". Europa.eu. Retrieved 2011-05-10.
  6. 1 2 "European memory platform to be founded in Prague". Prague Daily Monitor (Czech News Agency). Archived from the original on 10 October 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-10.
  7. ↑ "Platform of European Memory and Conscience – a brief history". Platform of European Memory and Conscience. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
  8. ↑ "Hearing in the European Parliament on the Crimes of Communism: Third step towards European platform of memory and conscience – a Czech Presidency initiative". Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes. Retrieved 2011-10-24.
  9. ↑ "International conference Crimes of the Communist Regimes: Declaration on Crimes of Communism". Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes. Archived from the original on 28 October 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-28.
  10. ↑ "Meilenstein in Prag: Europäische Aufarbeitungs-Plattform gegründet". Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records. Archived from the original on 25 October 2011. Retrieved 2011-10-25.
  11. ↑ Platform appoints Board of Trustees and elects 8 new Members, Platform of European Memory and Conscience, 29 June 2012
  12. ↑ Legal Settlement of Communist Crimes, Platform of European Memory and Conscience
  13. ↑ June 5th Conference in the EP: "Legal Settlement of Communist Crimes", Reconciliation of European Histories Group
  14. ↑ Platform will seek establishment of a supranational court for international crimes committed by Communists, Platform of European Memory and Conscience, 7 June 2012
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