Philippine Malolos Congress elections, 1898

Philippine Malolos Congress election, 1898
June 23 – September 10, 1898
68 (of the 136) seats to the Revolutionary Congress
 
Leader Pedro Paterno
elected President of the Congress
Seats won 68
Seat change +68
Philippines
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The Elections for the Malolos Congress, also known as the Revolutionary Congress were held in the Philippines from June 23 to September 10, 1898.

These were the first elections for a national legislature in the Philippines. The Spanish colonial government held elections in 1895 across the Philippines but for local municipal officers only. In this election, many parts of the Visayas and Mindanao did not elect representatives and their representatives had to be appointed. The first fully elected national legislative body would be the Philippine Assembly elected in 1907 as the only elected house of the bicameral Philippine Legislature.

Context

Following the defeat of the Spanish at the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish–American War on May 1, 1898, by the American Navy, Philippine revolutionary forces under Emilio Aquinaldo declared the Philippines to be an independent nation on June 12, 1898. These elections were held by the revolutionary government following that declaration.

After the Spanish sold the Philippines to the Americans in the Treaty of Paris of 1898, signed on December 10, 1898, the First Philippine Republic, which includes the Mololos Congress, fought the Philippine–American War against the American colonial forces, eventually losing the war.

There would not be another attempt at national legislative election until the 1907 elections which established the Philippine Assembly. The Assembly, unlike the Malolos Congress, was fully elected but it was only one house of a bicameral legislature, the Philippine Legislature, the other house being the unelected Philippine Commission.

Results

National

List of congress officers elected.

Position Name
President Pedro A. Paterno
Vice-President Benito Legarda
1.0 Secretary Gregorio S. Araneta
2.0 Secretary Pablo Ocampo

Paterno defeated General Antonio Luna with 24-23 votes; Legarda against Aguedo Velarde with 21-9; and Araneta and Ocampo won with 31 and 27 votes respectively.[1]

Local

List of congress members by province as of July 7, 1899.[2][3]

Province Elected Appointed[nb 1]
Manila 4 0
Batangas 4 0
Bulacan 4 0
Cavite 4 0
Camarines 4 0
Ilocos Sur 3 1
Ilocos Norte 6 0
Laguna 4 0
Pampanga 4 0
Pangisinan 2 2
Iloilo 0 4
Cebu 0 4
Leyte 0 4
Albay 4 1
Cagayan 1 2
Bataan 3 0
Isabela 2 1
Union 1 2
Nueva Ecija 3 0
Tarlac 3 0
Zambales 2 1
Sorsogon 0 3
Negros Occidental 0 3
Negros Oriental 0 3
Samar 0 3
Capiz 0 3
Antigua 0 3
Bohol 0 3
Zamboanga 0 3
Mismis 0 3
Calamianes 0 3
Masbate 0 3
Mindoro 1 2
Morong 2 0
Lepanto 3 0
Batanes Islands 1 1
Nueva Vicaya 1 1
Abra 1 0
Padre Burgos (Benguet) 1 2
Catanduanes 0 2
Paragua 0 2
Totals 68 68
136

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Delegates representing provinces not at the time in a position to elect their own representatives were appointed as needed by the Revolutionary Government.[2]

References

  1. ↑ The Rise and Fall of Antonio Luna (1970), pg. 450–452
  2. 1 2 Kalaw, Maximo M. (1927). "The development of Philippine politics". Oriental commercial: 121. Retrieved 2008-03-22. (citing Volume II, Galley 2 of Major J. R. M. Taylor's translation and compilation of captured insurgent records (Taylor 1907)
  3. ↑

Further reading

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