Pete Hoekstra

This article is about the American Congressman. For the Dutch soccer player, see Peter Hoekstra (footballer).
Pete Hoekstra
Ranking Member of the House Intelligence Committee
In office
January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011
Preceded by Jane Harman
Succeeded by Dutch Ruppersberger
Chair of the House Intelligence Committee
In office
September 23, 2004 – January 3, 2007
Preceded by Porter Goss
Succeeded by Silvestre Reyes
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Michigan's 2nd district
In office
January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2011
Preceded by Carl Pursell
Succeeded by Bill Huizenga
Personal details
Born Pieter Hoekstra
(1953-10-30) October 30, 1953
Groningen, Netherlands
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) Diane Johnson
Children Erin
Allison
Bryan
Alma mater Hope College (BA)
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (MBA)
Website Campaign website

Pieter "Pete" Hoekstra (/ˈhʊkstrə/; born October 30, 1953) is a Dutch-American politician who is a former member of the United States House of Representatives, representing Michigan's 2nd congressional district from 1993 to 2011. Hoekstra is a member of the Republican Party.

Born in Groningen, Netherlands, Hoekstra is a graduate of Hope College and the University of Michigan's Ross School of Business. In 1992, Hoekstra ran for the U.S. House, defeating 13-term incumbent Guy Vander Jagt in the Republican primary, and Democratic opponent John H. Miltner, in the general election. After the appointment of Congressman Porter Goss as Director of the CIA, Hoekstra became the Chairman of the House Intelligence Committee, serving from 2004 to 2007. He was a candidate for Governor of Michigan in Michigan's 2010 gubernatorial election, but came in second to Rick Snyder in the Republican primary. Hoekstra was also a candidate for the United States Senate in 2012. He won the Republican primary with 54% of the vote, but later lost to Democratic incumbent Debbie Stabenow in the general election.

Early life and education

Born Pieter Hoekstra in Groningen, Netherlands, he moved to America with his parents at the age of three. He received a B.A. in political science from Hope College in 1975 and an M.B.A. from the University of Michigan's Ross School of Business in 1977. He then joined office furniture maker Herman Miller and remained there for 15 years, eventually becoming vice president of marketing.

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

In 1992, Hoekstra made his first bid for public office in the 2nd District. The district, previously the 9th, had been represented for 26 years by Guy Vander Jagt, longtime chairman of the National Republican Congressional Committee.[1] Hoekstra rode his bicycle across the district, charging that Vander Jagt had served in Congress for too long. He scored a monumental upset, winning by almost six percent.[2] This primary win was tantamount to election with the 2nd district seen as the "most Republican" district in Michigan, as Republicans have held the district for all but four years since it was created in 1873. Hoekstra later defeated Democrat John H. Miltner and Libertarian Dick Jacobs in the general election, with 63% of the vote.[3] Hoekstra continued to ride his bicycle across the district every summer, and biked across the state for his gubernatorial campaign.[4]

Hoekstra had promised to only serve six terms (12 years) in the House when he was first elected. However, in 2003, Hoekstra announced he would break his self-imposed term limit and run for a seventh term in 2004, citing his membership on the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. In 2006, Hoekstra's Leadership PAC (the Mileage Fund) raised nearly $160,000 in Political Action Contributions from such diverse contributors as the Teamsters, Michigan Credit Union League, and Little Planet Books.[5]

Hoekstra faced no significant opposition in the Republican primary or in the general election (as in his previous five reelection campaigns) and went on to secure his seventh term. Shortly after the primary, he was named chairman of the Intelligence Committee, succeeding Porter Goss, who became Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.

2006

Hoekstra had no primary opponent. In November he was opposed by the Democratic candidate Kimon Kotos,[6] who was also his 2004 opponent. Hoekstra defeated Kotos 183,518 votes to 87,361 votes.[7]

2008

Hoekstra ran for re-election in 2008 against Fred Johnson, Associate Professor of History at Hope College. He beat Johnson by 215,471 to 119,959 votes.

Tenure

Hoekstra has a conservative voting record, consistent with the conservative nature of the 2nd congressional district. However, he opposes amending the Constitution to prohibit flag desecration.

Criticism of the Islamic Society of North America

Hoekstra and a fellow Republican sent an open letter to then-Attorney General Alberto Gonzales regarding the Islamic Society of North America as blogged about via the Washington Times: In a letter to then-Attorney General Alberto R. Gonzales, Reps. Peter Hoekstra, Michigan Republican and ranking member of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, and Sue Myrick, North Carolina Republican, called the Justice Department's involvement a "grave mistake."

"In light of the threat that our nation ... is currently facing from radical jihadists, and because of the president's commitment to fighting the war on terror on all fronts, we believe it is a grave mistake to provide legitimacy to an organization with extremist origins, leadership and a radical agenda," the lawmakers said.

The amendment, which was approved by a voice vote to a spending measure, states that "no funds appropriated under this act may be used to support a conference sponsored by any organization named as an unindicted co-conspirator by the government in any criminal prosecution.".[8]

Weapons of mass destruction (WMD)

On June 22, 2006, Hoekstra made headlines by announcing at a press conference in the Capitol that weapons of mass destruction had been located in Iraq in the form of 500 chemical weapons.[9]

A number of other media outlets disputed the claims made by Hoekstra and Rick Santorum regarding the existence of weapons of mass destruction, reporting that the claims were disputed by both Pentagon officials, the Duelfer Report, and the intelligence community.[10][11][12]

On November 3, 2006, The New York Times reported that a website created at the request of Hoekstra and Senator Pat Roberts was found to contain detailed information that could potentially be helpful to those seeking to produce nuclear weapons. The website was shut down on November 2 following questioning by The New York Times.[13]

As of September 17, 2007, some news outlets reported that the Congressional committee Hoekstra had overseen had created "erroneous" and "misleading" reports about Iran's nuclear capabilities. "Among the committee's assertions is that Iran is producing weapons-grade uranium at its facility in the town of Natanz. The IAEA called that "incorrect", noting that weapons-grade uranium is enriched to a level of 90 percent or more. Iran has enriched uranium to 3.5 percent under IAEA monitoring." [14][15]

Repatriation of Yemeni captives in Guantanamo

On December 27, 2009, Hoekstra commented on reports that Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, who had allegedly tried to set off a suicide bomb on Northwest Airlines Flight 253 on December 25, 2009, had subsequently confessed to being trained and equipped in Yemen.[16][17] Hoekstra called for a halt to the repatriation of Yemeni captives in Guantanamo.

Tea Party Caucus

Hoekstra was a founding member of the Congressional House Tea Party Caucus in 2010.[18][19]

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

2010 gubernatorial election

In December 2008, Hoekstra said he would not seek re-election to his U.S. House seat in 2010, and instead campaign to be Michigan's governor. Hoekstra joined Mike Bouchard, the Oakland County Sheriff and former state senator, former Gateway, Inc. president Rick Snyder, State Senator Tom George and Michigan Attorney General Mike Cox as 2010 Republican gubernatorial candidates. In the primary, held on August 3, 2010, Hoekstra finished second to Snyder.[20][21][22][23][24]

Republican gubernatorial primary results 2010[25]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rick Snyder 381,327 36.4
Republican Pete Hoekstra 280,976 26.8
Republican Mike Cox 240,409 23.0
Republican Mike Bouchard 127,350 12.2
Republican Tom George 16,986 1.6
Total votes 1,044,925 100

2012 U.S. Senate election

Hoekstra was suggested as a possible challenger for incumbent Debbie Stabenow in the 2012 Senate election,[26] but he initially declined to run.[27] Hoekstra later changed his mind and decided to challenge Stabenow in the election.[28] On 29 August 2011, Hoekstra was endorsed by Republican Michigan Governor Rick Snyder,[29] and on 23 September 2011, Hoekstra was endorsed by 2012 Presidential candidate Michele Bachmann.[30] Critics also pointed out that Hoekstra voted for the $700-billion Wall Street bailout and voted for trillions more in deficit spending while he was in Congress.[31]

Hoekstra faced Stabenow and four third-party candidates in the general election. On November 6, 2012, Hoekstra was defeated by Stabenow, receiving just 38% of the vote.[32]

Michigan U.S. Senate Election 2012
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Debbie Stabenow (incumbent) 2,735,826 58.8% +1.9
Republican Pete Hoekstra 1,767,386 38.0% -3.3
Libertarian Scotty Boman 84,480 1.8% +1.1
Green Harley Mikkelson 27,890 0.6% -
Constitution Richard Matkin 26,038 0.6% +0.1
Natural Law John Litle 11,229 0.2% +0.1
Others Write-in 69 0.0% -
Majority 409,367 8.8%
Turnout 4,652,918
Democratic hold Swing 2%

Ad controversy

A still from Pete Hoekstra's campaign advertisement featuring Lisa Chan, as broadcast on February 5, 2012

Hoekstra targeted Democratic incumbent Debbie Stabenow with a television ad which ran statewide during the 2012 Super Bowl.[33] The 30-second ad, created by Republican advertising consultant Fred Davis III, opened with the sound of a gong and the image of a Chinese woman (played by 2012 Miss Napa Valley Lisa Chan)[34] riding a bike alongside a rice paddy. The ad sarcastically accused Stabenow of contributing to the U.S.' spending problem, with the woman thanking "Michigan Senator Debbie Spenditnow", in broken English, implying Stabenow has earned China's gratitude for making the U.S. economy "very weak" while China's "get very good".[31]

The commercial included a link to a Hoekstra campaign website with statistics about federal spending, decorated with images of Chinese flags and currency and using a stereotypical Chinatown font.[35] In the HTML code on Hoekstra’s site, the woman in the ad is identified as "yellowgirl".[36] A statement released by the Hoekstra campaign claimed the HTML code was mistakenly shortened from “yellowshirtgirl”.[37]

Asian-American groups called the ad “very disturbing”,[38] and two of Hoekstra’s GOP opponents, Clark Durant and Gary Glenn, questioned whether Hoekstra was the right candidate for Republicans to support.[39] The ad was called “blatantly racist" by Michael Yaki, former aide to House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and a member of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights.[40] Sen. Dan Inouye, the longest-serving senator in Congress, said Hoekstra's "racist thoughts are not welcome in the United States Senate.”[41] Journalist James Fallows of The Atlantic called it the "most revolting ad".[42] The NAACP denounced the ad as an "unnecessary race card."[43]

The ad proved costly for Hoekstra; several polls reported him losing ground to Stabenow in a head-to-head matchup.[44][45]

Hoekstra initially stood by the ad, claiming it hit Stabenow "smack dab between the eyes" on the economy.[46] However, on February 10, 2012 Hoekstra shut down his controversial Chinese-themed website and phased in a new TV commercial in place of his original ad.[47] American Values super PAC, an Asian American group, claimed credit for the scrub shortly after the group's launch of an online viral ad condemning Hoekstra.[48]

On February 16, Chan apologized for her involvement in the ad. In a statement on her Facebook page, she said the role was "not in any way representative of who I am" and "absolutely a mistake on my part."[49]

Despite the controversy, Hoekstra won the Republican primary.[50] He lost to Stabenow in the general election.

Post political career

In February 2011, Hoekstra joined the government relations group and Washington D.C. law firm Dickstein Shapiro,[51] and was named a visiting distinguished fellow at the conservative think tank The Heritage Foundation, concentrating on education reform.[52] Hoekstra left Dickstein Shapiro in 2014 to join one of its rivals, Greenberg Traurig.[53]

Hoekstra joined the Investigative Project on Terrorism in 2014 as a Shillman Senior Fellow, specializing in national security, international relations, global terrorism and cyber security.[54]

Hoekstra published his first book in October 2015, "Architects of Disaster: The Destruction of Libya" with Terri Blumenfeld. An Obama administration spokesman took issue with the book on November 11, 2015 because of Hoekstra's assertion that the removal of Libyan leader Muammar Qadaffi was a serious mistake since he had become an ally of the United States and his down fall caused Libya to become a terrorist safe haven. White House Press Secretary Josh Earnest said: "a careful consideration of his long record would probably not conclude Col. Qadaffi was not a friend and ally of the United States."[55]

In an interview with NPR's Robert Siegel on December 10, 2014, Hoekstra said he disagreed with the recently released Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture.[56] Hoekstra endorsed John Kasich for President in 2016.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lea Donosky (September 25, 1985). "Gop`s `West Point` Trains Guns On `86". chicagotribune.com.
  2. ↑ "MI District 02 – R Primary". ourcampaigns.com. August 4, 1992.
  3. ↑ "MI District 2". ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2013-03-21.
  4. ↑ "Home". Hoekstra for Governor. Archived from the original on August 22, 2010. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  5. ↑ "Peter Hoekstra: Campaign Finance/Money – Summary – Congressman 2006". OpenSecrets. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  6. ↑ "Kotos for Congress, Michigan District 2". Kotosforcongress.com. Archived from the original on February 4, 2012. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  7. ↑ "2006 Official Michigan General Election Results – 2nd District Representative in Congress 2 Year Term (1) Position". Michigan Department of State. May 10, 2007. Archived from the original on February 5, 2012. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  8. ↑ "Bill would cut Justice aid to suspect groups – Washington Times". Blogs.washingtontimes.com. 2007-10-11. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  9. ↑ "Rep. Pete Hoekstra Details His Breakthrough WMD Report". Fox News. June 23, 2006. Archived from the original on July 1, 2006.
  10. ↑ "Report sparks debate over Iraq arsenal". The Seattle Times. June 23, 2006.
  11. ↑ The Situation Room, CNN. June 21, 2006. Transcript available.
  12. ↑ The Washington Post: Lawmakers Cite Weapons Found in Iraq. June 22, 2006.
  13. ↑ Broad, William J. (November 3, 2006). "U.S. Web Archive Is Said to Reveal a Nuclear Primer". The New York Times. Retrieved May 22, 2010.
  14. ↑ "US Iran report branded dishonest". BBC News. September 14, 2006. Retrieved May 22, 2010.
  15. ↑ "IAEA: Iran Nuclear Report 'Outrageous'". CBS News. September 14, 2006.
  16. ↑ "Following Path of Least Resistance, Terrorists Turn Yemen Into Poor Man's Afghanistan". Fox News. 2009-12-27. Archived from the original on 2009-12-27. 'They should stay there. They should not go back to Yemen,' Hoekstra said. 'If they go back to Yemen, we will very soon find them back on the battlefield going after Americans and other western interests.'
  17. ↑ Josh Gerstein (2009-12-27). "Bomb plot complicates Gitmo plan". Politico. Archived from the original on 2009-12-28. 'Yesterday just highlights the fact that sending this many people back—or any people back—to Yemen right now is a really bad idea,' said Rep. Pete Hoekstra (R-Mich.), the ranking Republican on the House Intelligence Committee. 'It’s just dumb….If you made a list of what the three dumbest countries would be to send people back to, Yemen would be on all the lists.'
  18. ↑ "Rep. Pete Hoekstra joins Michele Bachmann in House Tea Party Caucus". Associated Press. July 20, 2010.
  19. ↑ "Michigan News – Hoekstra Joins Bachmann In House Tea Party Caucus". KTRK-TV. July 21, 2010.
  20. ↑ "Hoekstra slams Right to Life for snub, wants its director ousted | freep.com | Detroit Free Press". freep.com. 2010-08-13. Archived from the original on August 17, 2010. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  21. ↑ "Election 2010: Michigan Republican Primary for Governor – Rasmussen Reports". Rasmussenreports.com. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  22. ↑ "MI Gov Poll: Dillon, Hoekstra Lead Primary Fields". Time. Archived from the original on 2010-06-05.
  23. ↑ "2010 Michigan Governor Race". RealClearPolitics. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  24. ↑ "Snyder wins in Michigan, Moran in Kansas; Rep. Kilpatrick loses primary". The Washington Post.
  25. ↑ "Michigan Primary results". 2010 Unofficial Michigan Primary Election Results. August 4, 2010. Retrieved August 10, 2010.
  26. ↑ Cranson, Jeff (January 28, 2011). "Michigan poll: Pete Hoekstra tops in GOP Senate candidates, Mitt Romney for president, and 2-1 support for Detroit-Windsor bridge". The Grand Rapids Press. Retrieved February 23, 2011.
  27. ↑ Toeplitz, Shira (April 15, 2011). "Ex-Rep. Pete Hoekstra Won't Challenge Stabenow". Roll Call. Retrieved April 15, 2011.
  28. ↑ Steinhauser, Paul (July 20, 2011). "Did the GOP get the candidate it wanted in Michigan?". CNN. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  29. ↑ Michigan Gov. Snyder Endorses Hoekstra Archived December 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
  30. ↑ "Bachmann endorses Hoekstra to run against Stabenow for U.S. Senate". The Washington Independent. September 23, 2011. Archived from the original on January 3, 2012. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  31. 1 2 With videos: Pete Hoekstra Super Bowl ad slammed ([[Detroit Free Press)]
  32. ↑ Johnson, Ruth (November 26, 2012). "Summary Totals: United States Senator 6 Year Term (1) Position". MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF STATE.
  33. ↑ "Hoekstra's controversial Super Bowl ad". Politico. February 6, 2012.
  34. ↑ Huffman, Jennifer (February 16, 2012). "Miss Napa Valley caught in Super Bowl ad debacle". The Napa Valley Register. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
  35. ↑ Ad Draws Protests for Portrayal of Asians ([[New York Times)]
  36. ↑ Fallows, James (February 6, 2012). "This Is So Classy: 'Yellow Girl'". The Atlantic. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  37. ↑ Catanese, David (February 7, 2012). "Hoekstra team: 'Yellow Girl' a web typo". Politico.
  38. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on October 17, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  39. ↑ Black ministers join critics who say Hoekstra’s broken English ad is racially insensitive ([[Associated Press, February 6, 2012)]
  40. ↑ Civil Rights Commissioner Calls Hoekstra Super Bowl Ad ‘Blatantly Racist’
  41. ↑ Inouye on Hoekstra: ‘His racist thoughts are not welcome in the United States Senate’ ([[Washington Post, 02/07/2012)]
  42. ↑ Super Bowl Special! My Nominee for Most Revolting Ad ([[The Atlantic)]
  43. ↑ "Pete Hoekstra's Super Bowl Ad is a Super Flop (NAACP release)". PR Newswire. February 6, 2012. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
  44. ↑ "Stabenow Leads By Double Digits in Michigan Senate Race" (PDF). Publicpolicypolling.com. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  45. ↑ "Complete February 22nd 2012 Michigan NBC News-Marist Poll Tables". Scribd.com. 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  46. ↑ Catanese, David. 'It hits Debbie smack dab between the eyes'. The Politico, 2012-02-06.
  47. ↑ Hoekstra backs off Super Bowl ad ([[Detroit News, February 10, 2012)]
  48. ↑ "Pete Hoekstra Scrubs Racially Tinged Super Bowl Ad From Internet" February 22, 2012 ABC News
  49. ↑ Stableford, Dylan. Actress in controversial ad for Pete Hoekstra’s Senate campaign is ‘deeply sorry’. Yahoo! News, 2012-02-16.
  50. ↑ Michigan U.S. Senate seat: Pete Hoekstra wins Republican primary; Stabenow up next
  51. ↑ Cranson, Jeff (February 1, 2011). "Former U.S. Rep. Pete Hoekstra named senior adviser at Washington law and lobbying firm". The Grand Rapids Press. Retrieved February 23, 2011.
  52. ↑ "Heritage Foundation Names Former Rep. Pete Hoekstra as Visiting Distinguished Fellow" (Press release). The Heritage Foundation. February 22, 2011. Retrieved February 23, 2011. Former U.S. Rep. Pete Hoekstra of Michigan has been named a visiting distinguished fellow at The Heritage Foundation. He will concentrate on education reform for the prominent think tank.
  53. ↑ Tau, Byron.13 K Streeters cross the street Politico, July 9, 2014.
  54. ↑ PR NewsWire January 14, 2014.
  55. ↑ Gizzi, John.White House Hits Hoekstra on Libya Book Newsmax, November 11, 2015.
  56. ↑ "Former Congressman: Enhanced Interrogation Techniques Can Be Valuable". NPR.org. 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
United States House of Representatives
Preceded by
Carl Pursell		 Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Michigan's 2nd congressional district
1993–2011 		Succeeded by
Bill Huizenga
Preceded by
Porter Goss		 Chair of House Intelligence Committee
2004–2007 		Succeeded by
Silvestre Reyes
Party political offices
Preceded by
Mike Bouchard		 Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Michigan
(Class 1)
2012 		Most recent
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