Nossa Senhora do Bispo (Montemor-o-Novo)

Nossa Senhora do Bispo
Civil Parish (Freguesia)
Official name: Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Bispo
Country  Portugal
Region Alentejo
Subregion Alentejo Central
District Évora
Municipality Montemor-o-Novo
Localities Fazendas do Cortiço, Ferro da Agulha, São Geraldo
Center Nossa Senhora do Bispo
 - elevation 258 m (846 ft)
 - coordinates PT 38°42′26″N 8°13′16″W / 38.70722°N 8.22111°W / 38.70722; -8.22111Coordinates: PT 38°42′26″N 8°13′16″W / 38.70722°N 8.22111°W / 38.70722; -8.22111
Area 121.83 km2 (47 sq mi)
Population 5,411 (2001)
Density 44.41/km2 (115/sq mi)
Settlement fl. 1300
 - Parish c. 1300
 - Civil Parish c. 1843
Timezone WET (UTC0)
 - summer (DST) WEST (UTC+1)
Postal Zone 7050-355
Area Code & Prefix (+351) 266 XXX XXX
Statistics: Instituto Nacional de Estatística[1]
Website: http://www.jf-nsbispo.pt/
Geographic detail from CAOP (2010)[2] produced by Instituto Geográfico Português (IGP)

Nossa Senhora do Bispo is a former civil parish in the municipality of Montemor-o-Novo, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Nossa Senhora da Vila, Nossa Senhora do Bispo e Silveiras.[3] It has an area of 121.83 km², and a population of approximately 5411 inhabitants in 2001 (approximately 44 inhabitants per km².

History

The origin of the civil parish is based in the construction, on the eastern part of the walled settlement, of the first parochial church in 1300 by Diocesano, Bishop of Évora.[4][5] After this point, the resident population was connected to changes in the role of the Catholic Church in the region. Its name, referring to Bispo specifically, was based in the community's economic ties to the Bishop of Évora, since the canons of the Church of Santa Maria da Vila were tied to Évora's hierarchy.[4][5] Between the 14th and 16th century the area around the church was occupied by residences and food cellars that collected the land rents of the region.[4][5]

In 1534, the Cardinal Infante Afonso, bishop of Évora, ordered the reconstruction of the church, including its Manueline era portico (which was historically incorporated into the local logotypes).[4] This church was still the object of public works well into the end of the 17th, beginning of the 18th, century.[4]

Tradition suggests that in 1495, João Cidade, later canonized São João de Deus for his charitable works and founder of the Hospital of Granada (and who inspired the creation of the Order Hospitaler of São João de Deus.[4]

The parish was the inspiration for the Porta do Bispo (Bishop's Gate), alongside the Torre do Anjo and Rua do Bispo, which connected the churchyard to the centre of the parish.[4]

Since its early inception, from outside the walls, an arch of constant development occurred along the accessways that afforded the best conditions and water supplies.[4] Slowly, many of the residences within the walls were abandoned for open spaces that existed outside the walled settlement, yet, the government authority included these areas.[4]

In 1843, with the expulsion of the religious orders by the Liberal regime, the parish seat was transferred to the Convent of São João de Deus, before being transformed into a civic administration.[4]

Architecture

Archaeological

Civic

Religious

References

  1. ↑ INE, ed. (2010), Censos 2011 - Resultadas Preliminares [2011 Census - Preliminary Results] (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: Instituto Nacional de Estatística, retrieved 1 July 2011
  2. ↑ IGP, ed. (2010), Carta Administrativa Oficial de Portugal (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: Instituto Geográfico Português, retrieved 1 July 2011
  3. ↑ Diário da República. "Law nr. 11-A/2013, pages 552 77-78" (pdf) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 28 July 2014.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Junta Freguesia, ed. (2011), História (in Portuguese), Junta Freguesia de Nossa Senhora do Bispo, retrieved 28 July 2011
  5. 1 2 3 Historia e memorias da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa (in Portuguese), 5 (1), Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1817, p. 24
  6. ↑ Nunes, Castro (1994). SIPA, ed. "Anta da Herdade das Comendas (n.PT040706030003)" (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA–Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
  7. ↑ Branco, Manuel; Nunes, Castro (1994). SIPA, ed. "Anta Grande da Comenda da Igreja/Anta Grande da Herdade da Comenda (n.PT040706030007)" (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA–Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
  8. ↑ Martins, A. (2011). IGESPAR, ed. "Anta grande da Comenda da Igreja" (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal: IGESPAR-Instituto de Gestão do Património Arquitectónico e Arqueológico. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
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