Northeast Asia

Coastal Northeast Asia, including northeast China
The core countries of East Asia are also the core of Northeast Asia, which is a broader region.

Terms such as Northeast Asia, North East Asia or Northeastern Asia refer to a subregion of Asia: the northeastern landmass and islands, bordering the Pacific Ocean. It includes, paradoxically, the core countries of East Asia (see map).

The term Northeast Asia was popularised during the 1930s by the US historian and political scientist Robert Kerner. Under Kerner's definition, "Northeast Asia" included the Mongolian Plateau, the Manchurian Plain, the Korean Peninsula, and the mountainous regions of Eastern Siberia, stretching from Lake Baikal in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.[1]

Definitions

The definition of Northeast Asia is not static, but often changes according to the context in which it is discussed.

In common usage, the term Northeast Asia typically refers to a region including China.[2][3] In this sense, the core countries constituting Northeast Asia are China, Japan, North Korea, and South Korea.[4]

Broader definitions, such as that used by the World Bank refer to the "three major Northeast Asian economies, i.e. China, Japan, and South Korea", as well as Mongolia, North Korea, the Russian Far East and Siberia.[5]Council on Foreign Relations includes the Russia Far East, Mongolia, and Nepal.[6] The World Bank also acknowledges the roles of sub-national or de facto states, such as Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. The Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia defines the region as "China, Japan, the Koreas, Nepal, Mongolia, and eastern regions of the Russian Federation".[7]

Russia is often included in discussion of the region because its interests and policies interact with those, in particular, of China, Japan and the Koreas.

The Sea of Japan, the Yellow Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk and the East China Sea are included in discussions of the region.

Economics

Northeast Asia is one of the most important economic regions of the world. It is also one of the major political centres and has significant influence on the international affairs.

Biogeography

In biogeography, Northeast Asia generally refers to roughly the area spanning Japan, the Korean Peninsula, Northeast China, and the Russian Far East between Lake Baikal in Central Siberia and the Pacific Ocean. For broader spectrum of Northeast Asia, see.[8]

Northeast Asia is mainly covered with temperate forest and grassland. There is a vast contrast with temperatures between summer and winter. It is also a mountainous area.

See also

References

Citations

  1. ↑ Narangoa 2014, p. 2.
  2. ↑ "Northeast Asia dominates patent filing growth." Retrieved on August 8, 2001.
  3. ↑ "Paper: Economic Integration in Northeast Asia." Retrieved on August 8, 2011.
  4. ↑ Gilbet Rozman (2004), Northeast asia's stunted regionalism: bilateral distrust in the shadow of globalization. Cambridge University Press, pp. 3-4
  5. ↑ Aminian, Nathalie; Fung, K.C.; Ng, Francis. "Integration of Markets vs. Integration by Agreements" (PDF). Policy Research Working Paper. World Bank.
  6. ↑ "Northeast Asia." Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved on August 10, 2009.
  7. ↑ Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia (1999). Japan and Russia in Northeast Asia: Partners in the 21st Century. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 248.
  8. ↑ http://www.asianperspective.org/articles/v34n4-i.pdf

Sources

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