Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi

Mawlawi Muhammad Nabi Muhammadi مولوي محمد نبي محمدي
Born	1920 Shah Mazar, Logar Province, Afghanistan
Died	21 April 2002
Buried at	Logar, Baraki Barak
Years of service	1965 to 2002
Commands held	Harakat-i-Inqilab-i-Islami
Battles/wars	Soviet war in Afghanistan

Maulana Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi (Pashto: محمد نبي محمدي‎ was an Afghan politician Afghan Mujahideen leader who was the founder and leader of the Harakat-i-Inqilab-i-Islami political party and paramilitary group. He served as Vice President of Afghanistan under the Mujahideen from 1992 to about 1996.^[1]

Biography

Muhammad Nabi Muhammadi was born in 1920 in Baraki Barak district of the Logar Province. His grand father who migrated to Logar, was originally from the central Ghazni province.[3]Mohammadi received his initial Islamic education from his religious father while he received secondary and high Islamic education from various, well-known scholars in the Logar Province in Afghanistan. In 1946 when he was 26, he finished all Islamic education and began to teach. Soon he got famous for his profound classical knowledge, intellectual enlightenment, practical wisdom and pure spirituality. Students from all around Afghanistan gathered around him and it were these students most of which later became a part of his Islamic Revolutionary Movement or Harakat-i-Inqilab-i-Islami and The Taliban Movement. This was during a time when Afghanistan had lost many of its Islamic traditions and communism was slowly beginning to spread throughout the country. He eventually got in touch with several Ulema and created a strong union of religious scholars with which to oppose Soviet propaganda and to attempt to inform the general population on the problems of communism.

Political activities

In 1958, some of the other scholars were already carrying out anti-communist activities Molvi Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi Mojadidi family, began preaching against communism to people who would listen, traveling far and wide to many of the provinces in Afghanistan. In 1965, he was elected to the Afghan parliament from his home district of Barak-i-Barak in Logar Province representing the traditional religious scholars.As one of only a handful of religious scholars in the parliament, he took it upon himself to be a first line of defense against the Marxist deputies such as Babrak Karmal, Hafizullah Amin, Noor Ahad and Anahita Ratebzad and strongly opposed the Marxist movement in Afghanistan.^[2] Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2002, xiv, Nabi's most famous experience in the parliament was the altercation with Babrak Karmal that led to Karmal being hospitalized. He is also known for a comprehensive speech in a parliament session that was played across Afghanistan via radio stations.

• 
  Muhammadi with fellow Afghan Parliamentarians.

Coup

Daud Khan came to power at the end of the parliament session in a 1973 coup. When the parliament was dissolved by President Daud, Nabi Muhammadi returned to teaching in madrasas, first in Logar and then in Helmand. Another coup known as The Saur Revolution in 1978 brought Noor Mohammad Taraki to power.Saur Revolution (Persian: إنقلاب ثور‎‎, Pashto: اوښتون غويی‎) (also written Sawr Revolution) is the name given to the communist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) takeover of political power from the government of Afghanistan on 28 April 1978. The coup was soon followed by imprisonment and mass killing of the prominent Afghan religious scholars, trible leaders and reformers. After his brother Mullah Jan got captured, and who was later martyred by the Taraki Government, Muhamamd Nabi Muhammadi fled and migrated to Quetta city of neighboring Pakistan . There he proceeded to gather a large number of religious scholars in order to make qualified political and military activities inside Afghanistan against the Russian occupation .^[3]

Islamic Revolutionary Movement

The coup resulted in a massive disgorgement of Afghan religious leaders over the border to Pakistan. Most of these leaders congregated in Peshawar and tried to make contact with the leadership of two already established organization Hezb-e Islami and Jamiat-e Islami Afghanistan which they had heard of prior to their arrival because of their declaration of jihad and clandestine distribution of publications critical of President Daud. Newly arrived members of the ulema urged the principals to reunify, but Rabbani and Hekmatyar each refused ti accept the other's party as the umbrella. The compromise that was arrived at this time was the creation of a new alliance that was to be called Harakat-i-Inqilab-i-Islami Afghanistan( The Islamic Revolutionary Movement of Afghanistan). After various candidates were proposed and rejected for the position of amir, the assembled members of the ulama decided in early September 1978 on Maulavi Muhammad Nabi Muhammadi as the leader of the new alliance. After nearly four months, engineer Gulbuddin Hekmatyar and Burhanuddin Rabbani separated from Harakat e Inqilab e Islami and founded their own parties by the name of Hizb-e-islami and jamiat-e-islami. Molvi Mohammad Nabi carried the leadership of Harakat. Harakat e inqilabi islami was one of the seven parties that were officially recognized by the Pakistani government and was funded by the US and Arab countries through the Pakistani government. Mohammadi was among Afghan leaders who met President Reagan at the White House during the war. Reagan called the rebel leaders "freedom fighters."^[4] Through continuous struggle the Afghan Mujahideen succeeded in their mission, and the Russian forces withdrew from Afghanistan in 1989 after the loss of tens of thousands of its soldiers. In 1992 the pro-Moscow government in Kabul collapsed, and the Mujahideen took power.

• 
  During Afghan Jihad in 1980's

Vice President

Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi became the Vice President of Afghanistan in the Mujahideen government. However, when the Mujahideen leaders opened their weapons at each other and the civil war in Afghanistan started, he resigned from his post and forbade the troops loyal to him from taking part in the war. He remained in Pakistan and tried his best to stop the war between Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, Burhanuddin Rabbani and Abdurrab Rasool Sayyaf.^[5][6] In 1996, the Taliban took control of Afghanistan. Most of the Taliban leaders were the students of Molvi Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi.^[7] Mohammadi, however, maintained a good relationship with the Taliban.

Death

Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi died in Pakistani hospital on 21 April 2002. He had been suffering from tuberculosis.^[8] His body was brought to Logar, Afghanistan and was given guards of honor by the government of Afghanistan.

See also

• Islamic and National Revolution Movement of Afghanistan
• Politics of Afghanistan

References

• "REAGAN MEETS AFGHAN Mujahideen". New York Times. 1986-06-17. Retrieved 2010-05-13. 
• "Afghan Peace Mission". New York Times. 1992-08-27. Retrieved 2010-05-13. 
• "Who Are the Afghani Taliban?". islamonline.net. Retrieved 2009-08-02. 
• "Biography - Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi". Afghanan.net. Retrieved 2007-02-20. 
• "1995 World Fact Book listing for Afghanistan". Retrieved 2007-02-20.