List of Canada hurricanes

Hurricane Juan, one of Canada's most destructive hurricanes, approaches Halifax, Nova Scotia.

A Canadian hurricane is a tropical cyclone originating in the Atlantic or Pacific Ocean affecting the country of Canada. Canada is usually only hit with weak storms, due to the generally cool waters immediately offshore. However, some hurricanes can strike the area full force as the warm Gulf Stream extends fairly close to Atlantic Canada. Due to the cool waters for a great distance from the Pacific coast of Canada, there has never been a storm of any intensity to directly affect the Pacific coast. On occasion tropical systems can transition into, or be absorbed by, non-tropical systems that strongly affect western Canada, most notably by the remnants of Typhoon Freda that were absorbed by the Columbus Day Storm of 1962. Hurricane Ella is currently the strongest tropical cyclone in Canadian Waters, reaching Category 4 status south of Nova Scotia. Despite this, Ella did not make landfall.

Sometimes, a hurricane can make landfall in the United States and continue northward to dissipate over (or partially over) Canada. Only a handful of storms that have taken this path were devastating in Canada. The example for this is Hurricane Hazel.

Many extratropical remnants of tropical cyclones have entered Canada. They are not included in this list unless they were particularly notable. Storms that have entered Canada from the U.S. after landfall are omitted from these lists, exceptions being devastating, or notable cyclones.

This article includes hurricanes that affected Newfoundland and Labrador prior to its entry into Canada in 1949, and hurricanes that affected any Canadian provinces before confederation in 1867.

List of tropical cyclones

These cyclones have either made a direct landfall in Canada, or made a notable close approach as a tropical cyclone.

Pre 1900

Many tropical storms and hurricanes struck Canada during this time. The most damaging one struck Newfoundland in September 1775, killing thousands. To shorten this particular list, insignificant tropical storms and depressions are omitted.

1900-1949

A very long lull occurred during this time which was not officially broken until 1939. Only three tropical hurricanes struck Canada between 1900 and 1949, as well as one damaging extratropical storm.

1950 - 1994

Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Canada
Highest-known totals
Precipitation Storm Location Ref.
Rank mm in
1 302.0 11.89 Harvey 1999 Oxford [1]
2 249.9 9.84 Beth 1971 Halifax [2]
3 238.0 9.37 Igor 2010 St. Lawrence [3]
4 213.6 8.41 Hazel 1954 Snelgrove [4]
5 200.4 7.89 Chantal 2007 Argentia [5]
6 191.0 7.52 Bertha 1990 Hunters Mountain [6]
7 185.0 7.28 Sandy 2012 Charlevoix [7]
8 175.0 6.90 Gabrielle 2001 St. John's [8]
9 165.0 6.50 Cristobal 2008 Baccaro Point [9]
9 165.0 6.50 Leslie 2012 Shubenacadie [10]

In this list, tropical storms are included but extratropical remnants aren't unless they were notable.

1995 - present

All landfalling tropical systems are included in the following list. Storms that transited from the U.S. to Canada overland are excluded unless notable. Extratropical storms are also excluded unless notable.

Listed by month

Month Number of recorded storms
making landfall in Canada
while still tropical since 1950
January 0
February 0
March 0
April 0
May 0
June 0
July 4
August 6
September 9
October 5
November 1
December 0

See also

References

  1. "1999-Harvey". Environment Canada. September 14, 2010. Retrieved September 14, 2011.
  2. Environment Canada. Canadian Hurricane Centre: Impacts of Hurricanes. Retrieved on 2007-03-08.
  3. "Hurricane Igor drenches Newfoundland peninsula". Toronto Star. September 21, 2010. Retrieved September 21, 2010.
  4. Environment Canada. Remembering Hurricane Hazel: Storm Information. Retrieved on 2007-03-08.
  5. Gary Padgett. Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary: July 2007. Retrieved on 2007-12-28.
  6. Dr. Hal Garrish. Hurricane Bertha Statistics. Retrieved on 2007-03-08.
  7. "2. Super Storm Sandy and Another Active Hurricane Season". Environment Canada. December 20, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
  8. Canadian Hurricane Centre (2002). "2001 Tropical Cyclone Season Summary". Retrieved February 27, 2007.
  9. Chris Fogarty and Peter Bowyer. TROPICAL STORM CRISTOBAL INFORMATION STATEMENT. Retrieved on 2008-07-31.
  10. Chris Fogarty and Peter Bowyer. Post-Tropical Cyclone Leslie Information Statement Retrieved on 2012-12-24.
  11. CHC report on Hazel
  12. "CHC climate data for Nova Scotia".
  13. CHC - Storms 1975
  14. Weather Channel's Barry report
  15. CHC report on Luis
  16. CHC report on Bertha
  17. Todd Milner, Peter J. Sousounis, James Wallman & Greg Mann. "Hurricane Huron". AMS Online Journals. Retrieved September 2012. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  18. CHC report on Hortense
  19. CHC report on Floyd
  20. CHC report on Michael
  21. CHC report on Karen
  22. CHC report on Gustav
  23. CHC report on Juan
  24. CHC report on Ophelia
  25. "Landfall of the ??? Cyclone". Archived from the original on 2014-01-16.
  26. " Kyle archive, National Hurricane Center, accessed 2008-09-28
  27. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/nova-scotia/story/2010/09/04/ns-storm-earl-hits.html
  28. "Hurricane Igor hits close to home for Flame".
  29. "Hurricane Sandy bears down on Eastern Seaboard as millions brace for chaos".
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