Line of succession to the former Austro-Hungarian throne

The dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary was abolished in 1918. The current Head of the House of Habsburg is Archduke Karl. The succession law used is Semi-Salic.[1]

History

Pragmatic Sanction

Equal marriages

During the monarchy and for a number of decades afterwards members of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine had to be born of an Imperially approved, equal marriage to be deemed dynastic, according to the Imperial Family's house law of 1839. On the authorization of the Emperor, that law was amended with addenda on 12 June 1900 (two weeks prior to a declaration to the Austrian and Hungarian legislatures of the morganatic nature of Archduke Franz Ferdinand's impending marriage to Countess Sophie Chotek), requiring a spouse to belong to one of the following: the Imperial Family of Austria-Hungary, a currently or previously sovereign Christian dynasty, or a mediatised family. It further clarified the pool of eligible marital partners to include 1. a list of 32 mediatised, princely families, and 2. only members of the specified mediatized families who were born in compliance with their own family's equality of birth house law or who could prove 16 noble, knightly quarterings (i.e., all great-great-grandparents) and beyond that at least 300 years of tournament, fief-holding nobility in the paternal and maternal lines.[2][3]

By the time of the marriage of Archduke Karl in 1993 to Baroness Francesca Thyssen-Bornemisza, who did not meet the old equality requirements, the rules regrading equal marriages had been relaxed[3] (In 1953 Archduke Rudolf's marriage to Countess Xenia Tchernichev-Besobrasov and in 1976 that of another Archduke Rudolf to Baroness Marie-Hélène de Villenfagne de Vogelsangck had been approved as dynastic).[4] Currently for a marriage to be dynastic all that is needed is the consent of the head of the house and a religious marriage.[3] On 30 November 1990 the head of the house Crown Prince Otto recognized the title Count or Countess von Habsburg to the issue of morganatic marriages contracted after the dynasty ceased to reign.[3][5] The descendants of archdukes whose wives had been of comital rank were retroactively integrated into the dynasty with traditional titles of Counts of Habsburg (e.g., the children and male-line descendants of Archduke Leo Karl {1893-1939} and his wife since 1922, Countess Maria-Klothilde von Thuillières von Montjoye-Vaufrey et de la Roche {1893-1978}),[5] except those of Archduke Clemens Salvatore of Austria-Tuscany (1904-1974) who, on 2 April 1930, had renounced his Tuscan succession rights and dynastic titles, receiving authorization from Crown Prince Otto for himself, his wife and male-line descendants to bear the title and name of Prince or Princess von Altenburg on 15 December 1949.[5]

Archduchesses

Although under the semi-salic succession law archduchess possess the right of succession when there are no males of any Habsburg-Lorraine branch left to succeed, during the monarchy (from 1719) upon marriage they renounced their succession rights to the Austro-Hungarian thrones in favor of the heiress of the last male ("Erbtochter" in german).[6][7]

Present line of succession[3]

  • Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (1747–1792)
    • Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (1768–1835)
    • Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen (1771-1847), adopted by Albert of Saxe-Teschen starting the Teschen branch of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty.
    • Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1769–1824), founder of the Tuscany branch of the imperial house.
      • Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1797–1870)
        • Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1835–1908)
          • Archduke Peter Ferdinand (1874–1948)
            • Archduke Gottfried (1902–1984)
              • (43) Archduke Leopold Franz, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1942); renounced his rights as (Titular) Grand Duke of Tuscany and head of the Tuscany line in favour of his son, married to (1) [divorced] Laetitia de Belzunce-d'Arenberg, (2) [divorced] Marta Perez Valverde. Issue by first marriage only.
                • (44) Archduke Sigismund, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1966); married to Elyssa Edmonstone
                  • (45) Archduke Leopold, Grand Prince of Tuscany (b. 2001)
                  • (46) Archduke Maximilian, Prince of Tuscany (b. 2004)
                • (47) Archduke Guntram, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1967); morganatically (in Tuscany) married to Debora de Sola, recognised as Countess von Habsburg [marriage retroactively approved as dynastic (only in Austria)][5]
                  • (48) Tiziano Leopold, Count von Habsburg (b. 2004), keeps his Austro-Hungarian dynastic rights.[5]
            • Archduke Georg, Prince of Tuscany (1905–1952)
              • (49) Archduke Radbot, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1938); morganatically married to Caroline Proust, with issue.
              • (50) Archduke Georg, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1952); married.
        • Archduke Karl Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1839–1892)
          • Archduke Leopold Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1863–1931)
            • Archduke Anton, Prince of Tuscany (1901–1987)
              • (51) Archduke Dominik, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1937); morganatically married twice to (1) [divorced] Engel von Voss, 2 sons; (2) Emmanuela (Nella) Mlynarski.
          • Archduke Franz Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1866–1939)
            • Archduke Hubert Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1894–1971)
              • Archduke Friedrich Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1927–1999)
                • (52) Archduke Leopold, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1956)
                • (53) Archduke Alexander Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1959); married to Countess Maria-Gabriele von Waldstein
                  • (54) Archduke Constantin Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (b. 2002)
                  • (55) Archduke Paul Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (b. 2003)
              • (56) Archduke Andreas Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1936); married to (1) [divorced 2001 (and annulled 2002)] Maria de la Piedad Espinosa de los Monteros y Rosillo (2) 2001 (civilly) and 2003 (religiously) Countess Valerie Podstatzky-Lichtenstein. Issue by the second marriage only.
                • (57) Archduke Casimir Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (b. 2003)
              • (58) Archduke Markus, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1946); married morganatically to Hildegard (Hilde) Maria Jungmayr, with issue.
              • (59) Archduke Johann, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1947); married morganatically to Anne-Marie Stummer, with issue.
              • (60) Archduke Michael, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1949); married in 1992 to Eva Antonia von Hofmann, with one daughter.
            • Archduke Theodore Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1899–1978)
              • (61) Archduke Carl Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (b. 1936); married to Edith Wenzl Frn von Sternbach [marriage retroactively approved as dynastic (only in Austria)][5]
                • (62) Count Matthias of Habsburg (b. 1971), keeps his Austro-Hungarian dynastic rights;[5] married in 1995 to (1) [divorced and annulled] Sabine Binder, (2) 1999 [civilly and religiously] Eva Anderle. Had issue by second marriage.
                  • (63) Count Nikolaus of Habsburg (b. 2000), keeps his Austro-Hungarian dynastic rights.[5]
                  • (64) Count Jakob of Habsburg (b. 2001), keeps his Austro-Hungarian dynastic rights.[5]
                  • (65) Count Martin of Habsburg (b. 2011), keeps his Austro-Hungarian dynastic rights.[5]
                • (66) Count Johannes of Habsburg (b. 1974), keeps his Austro-Hungarian dynastic rights;[5] married to Katharina Lieselotte Riedl Edle von Riedenstein
                • (67) Count Bernhard of Habsburg (b. 1977), keeps his Austro-Hungarian dynastic rights.[5]
                • (68) Count Benedikt of Habsburg (b. 1983), keeps his Austro-Hungarian dynastic rights.[5]
            • Archduke Clemens Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1904–1974); married to Elisabeth Gfn Rességuier de Miremont [marriage retroactively approved as dynastic (only in Austria)][5]
              • (69) Clemens, Prince von Altenburg (b. 1932), retroactively integrated into the dynasty;[5] married to Laurence Costa de Beauregard
                • (70) Philipp, Prince von Altenburg (b. 1966), retroactively integrated into the dynasty.[5]
              • (71) Georg, Prince von Altenburg (b. 1933), retroactively integrated into the dynasty.[5]
              • Peter, Prince von Altenburg (1935-2008), retroactively integrated into the dynasty;[5] married to Juliane Gfn von Waldstein-Forni
                • (72) Friedrich, Prince von Altenburg (b. 1966), retroactively integrated into the dynasty;[5] married to Gabriele Gfn von Walterskirchen
                  • (73) Emanuel, Prince von Altenburg (b.2002)
                  • (74) Nikolaus, Prince von Altenburg (b. 2008)
                • (75) Leopold, Prince von Altenburg (b. 1971), retroactively integrated into the dynasty.[5]
              • (76) Franz Josef, Prince von Altenburg (b. 1941), retroactively integrated into the dynasty;[5] married to Christa Frn von Härdtl
                • Augustin, Prince von Altenburg (1971-2006), retroactively integrated into the dynasty.[5]
              • (77) Nikolaus, Prince von Altenburg (b. 1942), retroactively integrated into the dynasty.[5]
              • (78) Johannes, Prince von Altenburg (b. 1949), retroactively integrated into the dynasty.[5]
    • Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary (1776–1847)
      • Archduke Joseph Karl (1833–1905)
        • Archduke Joseph August (1872–1962)
          • Archduke Joseph Francis (1895–1957)
            • (79) Archduke Josef Arpád (b. 1933), head of the Palatine of Hungary line; married to Princess Maria of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
              • (80) Archduke Joseph Karl (b. 1960); married to Princess Margarete von Hohenberg
                • (81) Archduke Joseph Albrecht (b. 1994)
                • (82) Archduke Paul Leo (b. 1996)
              • (83) Archduke Andreas-Augustinus (b. 1963); married to Countess Marie-Christine von Hatzfeldt-Dönhoff
                • (84) Archduke Friedrich-Cyprian (b. 1995)
                • (85) Archduke Pierre (b. 1997)
                • (86) Archduke Benedikt-Alexander (b. 2005)
              • (87) Archduke Nikolaus (b. 1973); married to Eugenia de Calonje y Gurrea
                • (88) Archduke Nicolás (b. 2003)
                • (89) Archduke Santiago (b. 2006)
              • (90) Archduke Johannes (b. 1975); married to María Gabriela Montenegro Villamizar
                • (91) Archduke Johannes (b. 2010)
                • (92) Archduke Alejandro (b. 2011)
                • (93) Archduke Ignacio (b. 2013)
            • (94) Archduke Géza (b. 1940); married morganatically twice to (1) [divorced] Monika Decker and (2) [civilly] Elizabeth Jane Kunstadter. Issue by both marriages.
            • (95) Archduke Michael (b. 1942); married to Princess Christiana of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg, his sister-in-law.
              • (96) Archduke Eduard (b. 1967); married to Baroness Maria Theresia von Gudenus
                • (97) Archduke Paul Benedikt (b. 2000)
              • (98) Archduke Father Paul (b. 1968), a legionary of Christ priest.

Line of succession in November 1918

References

  1. ↑ Almanach de Gotha (142 ed.). Justus Perthes. 1905. p. 658.
  2. ↑ Wien, Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv. Familienstatut. Familienurkunden 1839, Daran geheftet und durch Hängesiegel damit verbunden: Authentische Interpretation des Tit. I § 1 des Familienstatuts von 1839 ddo. 12. Juni 1900. Vienna. (German).
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 de Badts de Cugnac, Chantal. Coutant de Saisseval, Guy. Le Petit Gotha. Nouvelle Imprimerie Laballery, Paris 2002, pp. 169-275. French. ISBN 2-9507974-3-1.
  4. ↑ Enache, Nicolas. La Descendance de Marie-Therese de Habsburg. ICC, Paris, 1996. pp. 46-47. (French). ISBN 2-908003-04-X
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser XVI. "Haus Österreich". C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp. 87-90, 119-120, 563, 568-569, 577. ISBN 978-3-7980-0824-3.
  6. ↑ "Prince Weds Archduchess". New York Times. 11 February 1912. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
  7. ↑ The House Laws of the German Habsburgs, renunciations of archduchesses (Heraldica.org)
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