Liberty XL2

XL2
Role Personal use and training aircraft
National origin United States
Manufacturer Liberty Aerospace
Designer Ivan Shaw
Number built 132 (October 2012)[1]
Unit cost
US$179,000 (Basic VFR version, April 2008)[2]
Developed from Europa XS
Liberty XL2
Liberty XL2 instrument panel

The Liberty XL2 is a two-seat, low-wing, general aviation aircraft manufactured by Liberty Aerospace of Melbourne, Florida for the personal transportation, touring and flight training roles.

Design and development

The XL2 is a derivative of the Europa amateur-built kit touring airplane and motor-glider. It was type certified in 2004 under FAR Part 23 for VFR and IFR flight.[3]

Compared to the Europa XS, the fuselage is slightly wider and larger to accommodate bigger American pilots, and also taller with a bigger windscreen. The wing is metal instead of composite and the aircraft is equipped with a Teledyne Continental Motors FADEC-controlled engine mounted on a metal space frame instead of the Europa's Rotax 912 engine mounted on the fiberglass fuselage. The landing gear is also of a different design.[4]

The Liberty was designed by Ivan Shaw, who also created the Europa. The aircraft has a composite fuselage and aluminum wings. The engine is a fuel injected FADEC (Full Authority Digital Engine Control) equipped Continental IOF-240–B driving an MT composite propeller.[5]

The landing gear is of tricycle configuration and all three sprung gear legs are made from 4130 chrome-molybdenum steel alloy. The nose wheel is free-castering. On early versions the nose wheel steering was by differential braking via two finger-controlled brake handles mounted on the centre console.[5] On later versions more conventional toe brakes were installed.

The wing features large fowler flaps pivoting on three scissor hinges per wing, with a maximum 30-degree deflection. The flaps are electrically powered and are controlled by a switch to the right of the radio stack. The flap indicator is a three-light system which shows when the flaps are at zero, twenty and thirty degrees. The flaps can be selected in between those settings but require visual confirmation of flap position. The wing is rectangular with a 7:1 aspect ratio, no taper and no washout. Small stall strips are installed a few feet out from the root to aid stall performance. The airfoil is a unique design, which the XL2 shares with its predecessor the Europa. This is a Don Dykins airfoil, designated as a "Dykins 12%", because the wing's maximum thickness is 12% of the chord. The airfoil is a semi-symmetrical, laminar-flow design. The stall warning system is a voice annunciator that says "stall, stall".[5]

The fuel is housed in a single fuselage-mounted tank with filler on the left side. The tank holds 28 US gallons usable and is fed to the engine via a simple on-off fuel selector.[5]

The tail features a rudder mounted with a piano hinge on the right side only. The elevator is a full flying stabilator and incorporates anti-servo tabs inboard on both sides to increase pitch stick forces. The controls are actuated by dual control sticks and conventional rudder pedals.[5]

Cockpit access is via two "gull wing" doors. The seats are mounted in side-by-side configuration in a 48-inch-wide (1,200 mm) cockpit. The seats are fixed in place with ergonomic adjustment achieved with seat cushions of different thicknesses and adjustable rudder pedals.[5]

Standard avionics include a Garmin 530 GPS-Comm, a 430 GPS-Comm and a GTX 327 transponder, along with an intercom system and audio control panel. Engine instruments are all contained within a Vision MicroSystems VM-1000 panel.

Under the right side of the instrument panel is an ITT Cannon D-subminiature plug providing RS-232 serial communication, into which a computer can be plugged into to download engine monitoring information. The software to run this is included on a CD-ROM that comes with the plane. This has been upgraded to an EDI card (engine Data Information). This card is a memory card much like in a digital camera, and records all engine data from 0 hours, until the 2000 hour TBO and can be read with a card reader to diagnose problems and observe flight characteristics in real time.[5]

In July 2009 the company introduced a version of the XL2 equipped with a Wilksch Airmotive turbocharged diesel power plant that burns Jet-A fuel aimed at the non-North American market. Liberty will assist Wilksch in certifying this engine.[6]

In April 2011 the company announced that they had developed a 100 hp (75 kW) Rotax 912S powered version that runs on auto fuel aimed at Asian markets, due to lack of 100 octane avgas fuel outside North America. The engine will be available as a factory option and also as a retrofit under a supplemental type certificate and saves 150 lb (68 kg) in empty weight, due to the much lighter engine.[7]

Since the 2008 global recession started, sales of the XL2 have been very slow. During 2011 the company shipped only two aircraft and none during the first two quarters of 2012. In late September 2012 the sale of 50 XL2s to the city of Wuhan, China was announced.[8] In October 2012 the Chinese order was increased to 200 aircraft, with components being shipped to Wuhan for final assembly. Chinese interests may also purchase a part-ownership in the company.[1]

Specifications (Liberty XL2)

Data from Liberty Aerospace Web site,[9][10] the maintenance manual,[11] The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage[12] and Plane & Pilot Magazine[13]

General characteristics

Performance

See also

Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
Related lists

References

  1. 1 2 Light Aircraft Association (5 October 2012). "News Update". Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  2. ↑ Liberty Aerospace (April 2008). "LIBERTY XL2 Aircraft & Accessories Price List". Retrieved 2008-08-17.
  3. ↑ "Certification & Design". Liberty Aerospace. Retrieved 7 October 2010.
  4. ↑ Pratt, Jeremy M. (January–February 2007). "In Service: The Liberty XL2" (PDF). Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hunt, Adam: Flying the Liberty XL2, COPA Flight, January 2006, Canadian Owners and Pilots Association
  6. ↑ Liberty Aerospace (July 2009). "Liberty Enters into Agreement with Wilksch Airmotive for Testing and Certification of the WAM Turbo Diesel Engine". Retrieved 2009-09-15.
  7. ↑ Bertorelli, Paul (April 2011). "Video: Liberty's New Rotax Option". AvWeb. Retrieved 2 April 2011.
  8. ↑ Pew, Glenn (28 September 2012). "China Saves Liberty". AVweb. Retrieved 1 October 2012.
  9. ↑ "Liberty Aerospace, Liberty XL2 Performance". Liberty Aerospace. Retrieved 2007-10-13.
  10. ↑ "Liberty Aerospace, Liberty XL2 Specifications". Liberty Aerospace. Retrieved 2007-10-13.
  11. ↑ Liberty Aerospace (March 2005), XL2 Maintenance Manual revision 2 P/N 135A-970-006, Liberty Aerospace
  12. ↑ Lednicer, David (October 2007). "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". Retrieved 2008-08-17.
  13. ↑ "Plane&Pilot Magazine - Aircraft Specifications - 2005 LIBERTY XL2". Plane&Pilot Magazine. Retrieved 2006-08-21.
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