Liaoning Whowin F.C.

Liaoning F.C.
辽宁
Full name Liaoning Football Club Whowin Team
辽宁足球俱乐部宏运队[1]
Nickname(s) Northeast Tigers (东北虎) Liao-Zu （辽足）
Founded 1953 (1953)
1994 (professional)
Ground Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium, Shenyang, China
Ground Capacity 60,000
Chairman Wang Yi (王毅)
Manager Ma Lin (马林)
League Chinese Super League
2016 Super League, 11th

Liaoning Football Club[2] (simplified Chinese: 辽宁足球俱乐部; traditional Chinese: 遼寧足球俱樂部; pinyin: Liáoníng Zúqiú Jùlèbù), also known as Liaoning Whowin for sponsorship reasons (simplified Chinese: 辽宁宏运; traditional Chinese: 遼寧宏運; pinyin: Liáoníng Hóngyùn), is a professional association football club that currently participates in the Chinese Super League under licence from the Chinese Football Association (CFA). The team is based in Shenyang, Liaoning Province and their home stadium is the Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium that has a seating capacity of 60,000. Their current majority shareholders are the Liaoning Sport Technology College and the Huludao Hongyun Group Co., Ltd, which is part of the real estate and financial conglomerate the Hongyun Group.[3][4]

The club can predate their formation to 1953 when the local Shenyang government sports body joined existing club Northeast China to play in the Chinese national football league. By 1956 the league was gradually expanding and regional sports institutes were allowed their own representatives, which eventually formed Liaoning Football Club. The club won several league titles as well as the 1989–90 Asian Club Championship when they beat Nissan Yokohama in the final making Liaoning FC the first Chinese club to win an Asian club championship trophy. Since February 26, 1994 the current football team was established to be an entirely professional football club so they could play in the 1994 Chinese Jia-A League season making them one of the founding members of the first fully professional top tier league in China.

According to Forbes, Liaoning are the 10th most valuable football team in China, with a team value of $67 million, and an estimated revenue of $14 million in 2015.[5]

History

Early club era

The football club can predate their formation to 1953 when the local Shenyang government sports body joined existing club Northeast China to play in the recently created Chinese national football league. In 1954 Guo Hongbin (郭鸿宾) was appointed as their Head coach and as part of the Northeast China team he would achieve immediate success by winning the league title.[6][7] The club would continue to be a regular competitor within the football league until 1956 when the team would split after the league allowed regional sports institutes their own representatives. The Shenyang sports body would take over the team and rename themselves Shenyang Sports Institute until 1959 when they named themselves Liaoning Football Team after their own province. While they came close to winning the title on several occasions under Guo Hongbin when football was halted because of the cultural revolution he left the team. When football returned to the country the club hired Gu Mingchang in 1975 and took part in the multi-sport event 1975 Chinese National Games, which Gu Mingchang won in his debut season.[8] From that tournament youngsters Chi Shangbin, Lin Lefeng, Zhang Yiming and Li Shubin would build the spine of the team that re-entered the national league and they would progress to see Liaoning win the 1978 league title.[9] After that achievement Gu Mingchang was unable to replicate the same success despite coming runners-up twice under his reign before he left in 1980.

Ten consecutive years

In 1984 Mi Jide (倪继德) was appointed as the new manager of the team and his introduction signified immense changes within the club. The first was the inclusion of the Liaoning Youth team now competing within the Chinese football pyramid as well as the organization of semi-professionalism already established 1982. Under his reign he utilized these factors to make Liaoning the dominant team within the football league. His first success came when he won the 1984 Chinese FA Cup, which was then used as a springboard to win the 1985 league title.[10] The club would participate in the 1985 Asian Club Championship for the first time in their history and decided that it was important enough that they would not defend their league title and concentrate on the continental competition, however despite this commitment they still finished bottom within their group.[11] The team still took part in the 1986 Chinese FA final and beat Beijing 1–0 in the final as the teams assistant Li Yingfa (李应发) lead them to victory after Mi Jide had to leave the team due to being diagnosed with stomach cancer.[10] After that victory Li Yingfa was permanently promoted to the Head coach position and built upon the foundations laid by Mi Jide by winning successive league titles in the 1987 and 1988 competitions.[12] After dominating the Chinese league the team would turn their attentions to the premier Asian competition and won the 1989–90 Asian Club Championship by beating Nissan Yokohama 3–2 on aggregate to claim their first and China's first continental competition.[13] The following campaign Liaoning went on to reclaimed the league title and once again reached the Asian Club Championship final where this time they faced Iranian team Esteghlal Tehran but lost the game 2–1.[14] After that defeat Liaoning struggled to compete in the following 1991 Asian Club Championship and were knocked out early within that competition, however when they returned to their league they went on to retain the 1991 league title and Li Yingfa decided to leave the team.[15] Yang Yumin (杨玉敏) was brought in at the start of the 1992 championship and continued the work of his predecessor and deliver another league title at the end of the season.[16] The 1993 league title would end in dramatic fashion when goal-difference saw Liaoning beat Guangdong Hongyuan to the championship and see the club win its tenth major trophy in ten seasons, however after the campaign the majority of the players who were essential within those ten seasons such as Ma Lin, Tang Yaodong, Zhao Faqing, Gao Sheng, Dong Liqiang, Wang Jun, Fu Yubin and Li Bing would all either retire or soon leave the club, ending the clubs dominance within Chinese football.[17]

Professionalism

On February 26, 1994 Liaoning was re-established as a professional unit as a result of the Chinese football reform, which was the Chinese Football Association looking to professionalize the whole of the Chinese football league.[18] The club would take part in the 1994 Chinese Jia-A League season, making them a founding member of the first fully professional top tier league in China. While private businesses were allowed to own or sponsor football clubs for the first time Liaoning had already spearheaded the reform in 1988 when they were the first ever Chinese club to gain any form of sponsorship when the Pharmaceutical Enterprise Group sponsored them within that season.[19] Liaoning's transition toward full professionalism was difficult compared to their peers and the developments of their rivials saw them achieve only one victory in their first four games, which resulted in Yang Yumin resigning from his post as manager. The clubs struggles would continue on October 23, 1994 when their first major signing within the professional era Jiang Feng was caught stamping on Shanghai Shenhua player Wu Chengying in a league game that saw him banned by the CFA for the rest of the season.[20] At the end of the season they finished the league in fourth and for the first time in ten seasons they were unable to achieve any silverware.[21]

Cao Guojun

In the 1995 Chinese league season Liaoning's reign as China's dominant football club officially came to end when they were defeated by Guangzhou Apollo 2–1 on November 12, 1995 and were relegated for the first time in their history to the second tier.[22] Within the campaign the influential Chinese Football Association Footballer of the Year winner Li Bing was sold for a then Chinese record fee of 640,000 Yuan to Guangdong Hongyuan and the clubs results suffered due to his absence.[23] On June 14, 1995 the clubs manager Wang Hongli was replaced by the former Liaoning player Li Shubin in his first Head coach position, however he was unable to make a difference and was relieved of his duties at the end of the season. In the wake of the disappointment private investor Cao Guojun (曹国俊), Liaoning Sport Technology College, Beijing Jiahua Group, China Northern Airlines and members from the Dalian Development Area as well as several others increased their investment of the club on December 29, 1995 to make Liaoning China's first joint-stock club.[24] With this investment the club hired former Chinese national team manager Su Yongshun in the hopes of an immediate promotion.[25] Su Yongshun would not be the person to achieve this as the club finished fourth within the division. This saw many of the investors pull-out from the club, which resulted in the team in a tight financial situation, which was only relieved when Chairman and investor Cao Guojun assigned three million Yuan to the team and later bring in new investors into the club.[26] Former manager Wang Hongli was eventually brought back into the team while emerging strikers Qu Shengqing and Zhang Yuning were able to fire Liaoning back into the top tier at the end of the 1998 league season.[27]

In the 1999 league season former Liaoning youth team coach Zhang Yin was already appointed as the clubs manager and under his reign he continued to promote youth players such as Li Jinyu, Li Tie, Wang Liang and Zhao Junzhe into the senior team.[28] His faith within his young players would be extremely successful and Liaoning became genuine title contenders and came runners-up to Shandong Luneng by a single point.[29] Initially the team hoped they could build upon their runners-up spot by winning the leagues opening showpiece event the Chinese FA Super Cup, however this would be dashed on April 26, 2000 when team mates Zhang Yuning and Qu Leheng were involved in a serious car accident. It was discovered that Zhang was drink driving while taking some team mates and friends home, however while Zhang sustained minor injuries his team mate Qu Leheng sustained serious injuries, which resulted in Qu being left a paraplegic and consigned to a wheelchair for life. Qu would go on to successfully sue Zhang 2.34 million yuan (282,000 US dollars) for compensation on November 22, 2004. Zhang would also go on to make a public apology to Qu and despite publicly believing that the compensation was especially high he decided to abnegate his right to ask for a retrial.[30] The incident and subsequence trail would cause irrevocable damage to the clubs season, which resulted in Zhang Yin leaving the team and eventually Wang Hongli returning to the club once again to steer the club to an eighth-place finish.[31] The incident would coincide with the sell off of the club with the Liaoning Youth team sold for 28,000,000 RMB to the Hongyun Group and Huludao Jiuxing Ltd on December 26, 2001 to form Huludao Whowin.[32] This was followed by a relocation to the Olympic Sports Centre in Beijing at the start of the 2002 league season on finicial grounds, however the club returned to their hometown the following campaign.[33] The striker Li Jinyu, winner of the 2002 Chinese Golden boot award was then sold to Shandong Luneng for a Chinese record 4,900,000 Yuan.[34] By March 7, 2006 the club would admit that they were in debt and were looking to sell the club.[35]

Wang Yi

On August 4, 2006 Liaoning Sport Technology College officially became the clubs major shareholder.[36] On August 20, 2006 the Hongyun Group also became a majority shareholder within the team and eventually brought in Wang Yi (王毅) to be appointed as the clubs Chairman on April 2007.[37] One of his first assignments was having to disband the clubs youth team called Liaoning Guangyuan after their time as a satellite team in Singapore's S.League saw them embroiled in a match fixing scandal.[38] In the 2008 league season the club would go on to be relegated, however in the 2009 league season they would go on to win the second division and immediately win promotion back to the top tier.[39] The club would re-establish themselves back in the top flight and even came third within the 2011 league season, which saw them qualify for Asia's top competition for the first time in 17 years. The club would decide not to participate within the 2012 AFC Champions League after it required them to play a qualification game to enter the tournament proper.[40]

Name history

  • 1959–92: Liaoning
  • 1993: Liaoning Dongyao
  • 1994: Liaoning Far East
  • 1995: Liaoning
  • 1996: Liaoning Hangxing
  • 1997: Liaoning Shuangxing
  • 1998: Liaoning Tianrun
  • 1999: Liaoning Fushun
  • 2000–01: Liaoning Fushun Tegang
  • 2002: Liaoning Bird
  • 2003: Liaoning Zhongshun
  • 2004: Liaoning Zhongyu (辽宁中誉)
  • 2005–07: Liaoning FC
  • 2008–Current: Liaoning Hongyun (Whowin)

Crest history

Rivalries

The club have historically had two main rivalries, which were with Dalian Football Club and Shenyang.[41] Geographically they all shared the same province of Liaoning, while the tie played between them was subsequently called the Liaoning Derby (辽宁德比). The more high profile tie would have been the Liaoning FC and Dalian match because each team could boast successful periods within their histories, however a direct championship rivaly between them never materialiszed and on 30 November 2012, Dalian were acquired by Dalian Aerbin that effectively ended that rivalry.[42] The Liaoning FC and Shenyang tie even saw the clubs share the same Shenyang People's Stadium in the 1994 league season but this rivaly also ended when Shenyang left the province and moved to Changsha. The Liaoning Derby has been continued with Dalian Aerbin and on 26 October 2014 it saw Liaoning FC beat Dalian Aerbin 2–1 in a vital league game that helped relegate Dalian Aerbin to the second tier at the end of the 2014 Chinese Super League season.[43]

Current squad

As of 1 March 2016 [44]

First team

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player
1 China GK Liu Weiguo (on loan from Guangzhou Evergrande)
3 China DF Wu Gaojun
5 China DF Yang Shanping
6 China MF Yang Yu
8 China FW Zhang Ye
9 China MF Zhao Junzhe (Captain)
11 China DF Zheng Tao
12 Zambia FW James Chamanga
13 Australia MF Dario Vidošić
14 China FW Wang Hao
15 China DF Song Chen
16 China MF Zhang Tianlong
17 China MF Wang Liang
18 China MF Ni Yusong
19 China MF Zhang Jingyang
No. Position Player
20 China MF Jin Taiyan
21 Democratic Republic of the Congo DF Assani Lukimya
22 China MF Wang Liang
23 China MF Wang Jiao
24 China GK Zhang Zhenqiang
25 China DF Lu Qiang
26 China FW Feng Boyuan
27 China MF Hu Yanqiang
28 China GK Shi Xiaotian
29 China MF Wang Fa
31 China DF Liu Shangkun
32 China FW Lei Yongchi
33 Australia DF Michael Thwaite
37 Nigeria FW Anthony Ujah

Reserve squad

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player
30 Senegal FW Ibrahima Toure
41 China MF Zhang Yanjun
42 China MF Ma Haoran
43 China MF Li Chenglin
44 China GK Li Zhen
45 China DF Yang Shuai
46 China DF Xu Jingzhao
47 China MF Yang Lianfeng
48 China MF Fei Da
49 China MF Zhou Sinan
50 China MF Ruan Zhexiang
No. Position Player
51 China MF Chen Jingfan
52 China MF Liu Wei
53 China DF Chen Fubang
54 China DF Jiang Dongnan
55 China MF Zhang Ruizhen
56 China MF Xiao Qi
57 China DF Zhai Bingde
58 China GK Mu Qianyu
59 China DF Luo Wei
60 China DF Chen Yang
61 China MF Hou Zhiwei

On loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player
China GK Huang Hongbo (at Shenyang Urban until Dec 31, 2016)
No. Position Player
Ivory Coast FW Franck Boli (at Aalesund until Dec 31, 2016)

Coaching staff

Position Staff
Head coach China Ma Lin
Assistant coach China Zhao Junzhe
China Zang Haili
Goalkeepers coach China Sun Xianyi
Fitness coach China Wang Liang
Team physician China Pei Junchang
China Li Chunheng

Source: Sina.com

Managerial history

Managers who have coached the club and team since Liaoning became a fully professional club back in February 26, 1994.[45][46]

  • China Yang Yumin (1992 – May 8, 1994)
  • China Wang Hongli (May 9, 1994 – May 21, 1995)
  • China Li Shubin (July 1995 – Dec 31, 1995)
  • China Su Yongshun (Jan 1, 1996 – June 23, 1996)
  • China Yang Yumin (June 24, 1996 – Dec 31, 1995)
  • China Gai Zengchen (Jan 1, 1997 – April 6, 1997)
  • China Yang Yumin (April 7, 1997 – Aug 31, 1997)
  • China Wang Hongli (Nov 1997 – Oct 11, 1998)
  • China Zhang Yin (Oct 12, 1998 – April 24, 2000)
  • Russia Yevgeni Skomorokhov (April 25, 2000 – July 17, 2000)
  • China Wang Hongli (July 18, 2000 – Dec 31, 2002)
  • Bulgaria Dimitar Penev (Jan 1, 2003 – April 5, 2003)
  • China Ma Lin (April 6, 2003 – Dec 31, 2004)
  • China Wang Hongli (Jan 1, 2005 – July 2, 2005)
  • China Tang Yaodong (July 3, 2005 – Dec 30, 2007)
  • Germany Werner Lorant (Jan 1, 2008 – June 25, 2008)
  • China Ma Lin (July 8, 2008 – Nov 26, 2013)
  • China Gao Sheng (Nov 27, 2013 – April 9, 2014)
  • China Chen Yang (April 9, 2014 – Aug 2, 2015)
  • China Ma Lin (Aug 2, 2015–)

Honours

All-time honours list including semi-professional period and one 1954 Chinese National League championship as part of North East China team.[47][48]

Domestic

League

Cup

Asian

Youth Team

Results

As of the end of 2016 season.[49][50]

All-time League rankings

Year Div Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Pos. FA Cup Super Cup League Cup AFC Att./G Stadium
1954 1 4 4 0 0 15 3 12 8 W  –  –  –  –
1955 1 10 5 1 4 22 19 3 11 5  –  –  –  –
1956 1 6 3 2 1 10 9 1 101 3 DNE  –  –  –
1957 1 20 5 3 12 26 41 −15 33 10 NH  –  –  –
1958 1 21 12 2 7 39 30 9 47 RU NH  –  –  –
1960 1 6 4 0 2 8 3 5 8 RU DNE  –  –  –
1961 1 12 5 3 4 21 18 3 62 7 NH  –  –  –
1962 1 19 12 2 5 25 13 12 142 3 NH  –  –  –
1963 1 10 2 7 1 9 6 3 42 RU NH  –  –  –
1964 1 22 5 9 8 18 23 −5 19 8 NH  –  –  –
1965 1 11 2 3 6 11 14 −3 7 9 NH  –  –  –
1973 1 24 16 2 6 55 21 34 192 3 NH  –  – NH
1974 1 18 14 1 3 44 13 31 122 4 NH  –  – NH
1976 1 7 7 0 0 22 3 19 14 11 NH  –  – NH
1977 1 18 9 5 4 36 17 19 82 7 NH  –  – NH
1978 1 30 20 7 3 52 14 38 47 W NH  –  – NH
1979 1 30 14 11 5 32 16 16 39 RU NH  –  – NH
1980 1 30 13 12 5 35 23 12 38 RU NH  –  – NH
1981 1 30 16  – 14 32 8 NH  –  – NH
1982 1 30 18  – 12 30 27 3 36 6 NH  –  – NH
1983 1 16 9  – 7 25 14 11 18 43 NH  –  – NH
1984 1 30 20  – 10 45 26 19 40 3 W  –  – NH
1985 1 15 14  – 1 19 31 W 6  –  – QR1
1986 1  –  –  –  –  –  –  –  –  – W  –  – 3
1987 1 14 7 4 3 26 17 9 25 W NH  –  – DNQ
1988 1 25 14 8 3 44 13 31 56.5 W NH  –  – DNQ
1989 1 14 7 3 4 16 12 4 28 RU NH  –  – W
1990 1 14 7 3 4 17 11 6 31 W Group  –  – RU
1991 1 14 7 4 3 27 18 9 20 W SF  –  – QR1
1992 1 14 8 3 3 25 14 11 19 W QF  –  – QR3
1993 1 12 6 3/0 3 20 13 7 82 W NH  –  – SF Tianhe Stadium
1994 1 22 11 3 8 47 36 11 25 4 NH  –  – Group 15,364 Shenyang People's Stadium
1995 1 22 4 5 13 29 47 −18 17 12 QF DNQ  – DNE 22,727 Shenyang People's Stadium
1996 2 22 10 6 6 35 25 10 36 4 R2 DNQ  – DNQ Shenyang People's Stadium
1997 2 22 8 5 9 32 31 1 29 9 R2 DNQ  – DNQ Fushun Leifeng Stadium
1998 2 22 12 5 5 47 21 26 41 RU RU DNQ  – DNQ Fushun Leifeng Stadium
1999 1 26 13 8 5 42 24 18 47 RU R2 W  – DNQ 24,538 Fushun Leifeng Stadium
2000 1 26 8 8 10 28 26 2 32 8 QF DNQ  – DNQ 16,846 Fushun Leifeng Stadium
2001 1 26 15 3 8 39 32 7 48 3 R2 DNQ  – DNQ 15,846 Fushun Leifeng Stadium
2002 1 28 12 6 10 45 44 1 42 5 RU DNQ  – DNQ 6,964 Olympic Sports Centre
2003 1 28 11 8 9 39 34 5 41 6 R16 DNQ  – DNQ 13,786 Fushun Leifeng Stadium
2004 1 22 10 2 10 39 40 −1 32 4 R1 NH QF DNQ 7,727 Fushun Leifeng Stadium
2005 1 26 7 8 11 34 42 −8 29 10 QF NH QF DNQ 11,000 Yingkou City Stadium
Anshan City Stadium
2006 1 28 6 8 14 24 42 −18 26 12 R1 NH NH DNQ 6,929 Anshan City Stadium
Fushun Leifeng Stadium
2007 1 28 9 8 11 26 36 −10 35 9 NH NH NH DNQ 15,929 Jinzhou City Stadium
2008 1 30 6 9 15 34 47 −13 27 15 NH NH NH DNQ 11,733 Jinzhou City Stadium
Tiexi New District Sports Center
2009 2 24 18 3 3 49 17 32 57 W NH NH NH DNQ Tiexi New District Sports Center
2010 1 30 10 10 10 39 36 3 40 7 NH NH NH DNQ 10,100 Tiexi New District Sports Center
2011 1 30 14 8 8 38 23 15 50 3 R3 NH NH DNQ 19,621 Tiexi New District Sports Center
2012 1 30 8 12 10 40 41 −1 36 10 SF DNQ NH DNE 18,638 Tiexi New District Sports Center
2013 1 30 8 11 11 35 44 −9 35 10 QF DNQ NH DNQ 20,850 Tiexi New District Sports Center
2014 1 30 8 9 13 33 48 −15 33 10 R3 DNQ NH DNQ 12,781 Panjin Jinxiu Stadium
2015 1 30 7 10 13 30 46 −16 31 12 R3 DNQ NH DNQ 12,788 Panjin Jinxiu Stadium
2016 1 30 9 9 12 38 47 -9 36 11 R4 DNQ NH DNQ 22,488 Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium

No league games in 1959, 1966–72, 1975;

Did not participate in 1986 league;

Key

  China top division
  China second division
  China third division
W   Winners
RU   Runners-up
3   Third place
  Relegated
  • Pld = Played
  • W = Games won
  • D = Games drawn
  • L = Games lost
  • F = Goals for
  • A = Goals against
  • Pts = Points
  • Pos = Final position
  • DNQ = Did Not Qualify
  • DNE = Did Not Enter
  • NH = Not Held
  •  – = Does Not Exist
  • R1 = Round 1
  • R2 = Round 2
  • R3 = Round 3
  • R4 = Round 4
  • F = Final
  • SF = Semi-finals
  • QF = Quarter-finals
  • R16 = Round of 16
  • Group = Group stage
  • GS2 = Second Group stage
  • QR1 = First Qualifying Round
  • QR2 = Second Qualifying Round
  • QR3 = Third Qualifying Round

References

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  2. ↑ "关于公布2016年中超联赛参赛俱乐部名单的通知". Chinese Football Association. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  3. ↑ "辽宁体院正式接管辽足 隋岩入主启动转让程序". sports.163.com. 2006-08-04. Retrieved 2015-06-02.
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  5. ↑ "Chinese Soccer's Most Valuable Teams". Forbes. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  6. ↑ "36岁的新中国第一中锋 郭鸿宾曾穿2斤重球鞋练体能". sports.sina.com.cn. 2012-12-24. Retrieved 2015-05-04.
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  10. 1 2 "辽宁足球的风雨历程：85开启十连冠伟业 98重振雄风". sports.sina.com.cn. 2008-05-13. Retrieved 2015-05-04.
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  38. ↑ "粤媒三点质疑反赌风暴 知情人称反赌可能到此为止". sports.sina.com.cn. 2009-11-27. Retrieved 2015-05-04.
  39. ↑ "China 2009". rsssf.com. 2010-04-23. Archived from the original on October 15, 2012. Retrieved 2015-05-04.
  40. ↑ "辽宁宏运正式宣布退出2012亚冠联赛资格赛". sports.163.com. 2011-12-02. Retrieved 2015-05-10.
  41. ↑ "A Guide to Football in Shenyang". wildeastfootball.net. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2015-09-05.
  42. ↑ "大连阿尔滨官方宣布：整体收购实德 将上报足协". sports.sohu.com. 2012-11-30. Retrieved 2015-09-05.
  43. ↑ "阿尔滨输掉辽宁德比 球员落泪排名跌至倒数第二". chinadaily.com.cn. 2014-10-29. Retrieved 2015-09-05.
  44. ↑ 2016年辽宁宏运足球俱乐部中超联赛比赛名单 sports.sohu.com 2016-03-01 Retrieved 2016-03-01
  45. ↑ "Liáoníng Hóngyùn » Manager history". worldfootball.net. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  46. ↑ "Liaoning Hongyun Football Club". footballzz.co.uk. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
  47. ↑ "China – List of Champions". rsssf.com. 2015-11-05. Archived from the original on July 4, 2014. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
  48. ↑ "China List of Cup Winners". rsssf.com. 2015-09-02. Retrieved 2015-11-09.
  49. ↑ "China League History". rsssf.com. 22 Oct 2009. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
  50. ↑ "辽宁宏运". sodasoccer.com. Retrieved 28 January 2014.

External links

Achievements
Preceded by
Al-Sadd
Qatar		 Champions of Asia
1989–90 		Succeeded by
Esteghlal
Iran
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