List of land-grant universities

This is a list of land-grant colleges and universities,[1] in the United States of America and its associated territories.

Land-grant institutions are often categorized as 1862, 1890, and 1994 institutions, based on the date of the legislation that designated most of them with land-grant status. For a map and list of all 76 land-grant institutions, see the State Partners page hosted by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (formerly the Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service) of the United States Department of Agriculture.[2]

Of the 106 land-grant institutions, all but two (the Community College of Micronesia, and Northern Marianas College) are members of the Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities (APLU) (formerly the National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges or NASULGC).

Note: Historically black colleges or universities on this list are listed in italics.

Native American

The 31 tribal colleges of 1994 are represented as a system by the single membership of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium (AIHEC).

The AIHEC has its headquarters in Alexandria, Virginia for the benefits of ready access to the federal government in Washington, D.C.. None of its member schools is located in Virginia. They are located from Michigan westward to Arizona, California and Alaska.

By US state

Alabama

Though Alabama A&M is Alabama's official 1890 Morrill Act institution, Tuskegee's mission is so similar to those of the 1890 institutions that it is almost universally regarded as one of them. Tuskegee is a land-grant member of APLU, as are Alabama A&M and Auburn. However, only Alabama A&M and Auburn formally participate in the now-combined Alabama Cooperative Extension System, with Tuskegee listed as a "cooperating partner" in ACES.[3][4] Tuskegee is also explicitly granted the same status as the 1890 land-grant institutions in a number of Federal laws.

Tuskegee University (formerly Tuskegee Institute) is a largely privately funded institution in Alabama, which, because of its unique history, functions as a de facto land-grant university and has received Smith-Lever Act funds since 1972 to operate its own Cooperative Extension program.

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Originally, in 1863, the Sheffield Scientific School, part of Yale University, was designated as the state's land-grant college.[6] Despite the fact that Yale's agricultural efforts and education were lauded by state officials and others (with 50 to 60 students graduating annually from its tuition-free agricultural program within the "Sheff"), the Connecticut State Grange felt farmers were not receiving the full benefits of the Morrill Act due to Yale's high admissions standards; thus, in 1893, they persuaded the Connecticut General Assembly to establish Storrs Agricultural College (now called the University of Connecticut) and make it the state's sole land-grant institution (thereby removing Yale University's designation). In compensation, the General Assembly awarded Yale University $155,000.[7]

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Indiana accepted the provisions of the Morrill Act on March 6, 1865.[6]

Iowa

On September 11, 1862, Iowa became the first state in the nation to accept the provisions of the Morrill Act.[9]

Kansas

Kansas State was the first land-grant college created as a result of the Morrill Act.[6]

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

The State of Maryland, in operating its land-grant program at the Maryland Agricultural College at College Park, which did not admit African American students, sought to provide a land-grant program for African Americans. In 1919 the state of Maryland assumed control of the Delaware Conference Academy (of the Delaware Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church) and changed its name to Eastern Shore Branch of the Maryland Agricultural College.

Massachusetts

Michigan

Founded in 1855 by the State of Michigan, and known as the "Agricultural College of the State of Michigan" with its own state grants of land, the Michigan State model provided a precedent for the federal Morrill Act of 1862. In 1955, Michigan State University and Pennsylvania State University were included on a US postage stamp commemorating MSU and PSU as the "First of the Land Grant Colleges."

Minnesota

The land grant was originally provided in 1865 to a proposed state agricultural college in Glencoe, Minnesota, but was reappropriated to the University of Minnesota by act dated February 18, 1868.

Mississippi

The State of Mississippi granted Alcorn three-fifths of the proceeds earned from the sale of thirty thousand acres of land scrip for agricultural colleges. From its beginning, it was a land grant college, and the money from the sale of the land scrip of the Morrill Act was used solely for the agricultural and mechanical components of this college.

Missouri

Founded in 1866 as the Lincoln Institute by members of the 62nd and 65th United States Colored Infantry, under the Morrill Act of 1890, Lincoln was designated by Missouri as a land-grant university for black students. It integrated in 1956.

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Central State University was given status as an 1890 land-grant institution in 2014.[15] Unlike the other states with historically black land-grant colleges, Ohio did not segregate its public universities, and African-American students have been admitted to Ohio State University since 1889.[16][17]

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

Originally, in January, 1863, Brown University was designated as the state's land-grant college.[6] Soon though, in the state's opinion, Brown University provided inadequate agricultural education, which was, in part, due to the fact that it could not afford to hire a specific professor or faculty of agricultural sciences and also, in part, due to the fact that Rhode Island's method for allocating land-grant scholarships favored urbanites and effectively produced few to no farmers. The curator of the University's museum of natural history had been reluctantly recruited to give series of lectures on agricultural topics, which included visits to local farms. When the Hatch Act of 1887 was passed, the Grange had made sure it was stated therein that funds did not need to be applied to current colleges and could be used for agricultural experiment stations not connected with them, so the Rhode Island General Assembly, having grown disenchanted with Brown's lackluster performance, established an agricultural school at Kingston and applied the Hatch Act's funds to it. Eventually, in 1890, Brown felt it drew no benefit from being the state's land-grant university, so it offered to return the Morrill trust to the state and withdraw as the land-grant institution. Shortly thereafter, Congress passed the second Morrill Act to increase funding to land-grant universities, and, following a controversy as to which school should benefit decided in Brown's favor by the Rhode Island Supreme Court, Brown promptly withdrew its offer. On May 19, 1892, after growing increasingly displeased with Brown's agricultural program, the General Assembly decided to restructure the Kingston school as the Rhode Island College for the Agricultural and Mechanical Arts (now called the University of Rhode Island) and to designate it as the state's only land-grant institution (thereby removing Brown from that status). The University protested by suing the state, and the case was transferred to the US District Court for Rhode Island, which decided against Brown, which then appealed to the United States Supreme Court. When the US Supreme Court refused to hear the case, Brown conceded defeat such that, in 1894, the state, as related by Encyclopedia Brunoniana, "approved an agreement in which Brown would repay the $50,000 received from the sale of the land in Kansas and assume the expense of educating the present holders of the state scholarships, and in return [Brown] would receive $40,000 in compensation for the education of earlier state scholars and would be relieved of the responsibility for agricultural education assumed in connection with the Morrill Act of 1863."[18]

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

TSU is the only state-funded historically black university in Tennessee. It was originally founded in 1909 as the Agricultural and Industrial State Normal School and became the Agricultural and Industrial State Normal College two years later.

Texas

Founded in 1876, Prairie View is the second oldest state-sponsored institution of higher education in Texas (after Texas A&M). Consistent with terms of the federal Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act, which provided public lands for the establishment of colleges, the State of Texas authorized an "Agricultural and Mechanical College for the Benefit of Colored Youth" as part of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas (now Texas A&M University) System.

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Virginia State University was founded in 1882, as the Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute. In 1902, the legislature revised the school's charter and renamed it the "Virginia Normal and Industrial Institute". In 1923, this college was renamed "Virginia State College for Negroes". It was designated one of Virginia's land grant colleges in response to the Amendments to the Morrill Act in 1890, which required that the states either open their land-grant colleges to all races, or else establish separate land-grant schools for African-Americans.

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Associated territories

American Samoa

District of Columbia

Guam

Northern Marianas

Puerto Rico

Virgin Islands

See also

References

  1. ↑ Association of Public and Land-grant Universities (Listed mostly in historical order, by state)
  2. ↑ State Partners
  3. ↑
  4. ↑
  5. ↑ http://nifa.usda.gov/partners-and-extension-map
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 "The National Schools of Science", The Nation: 409, November 21, 1867
  7. ↑ Yale Alumni Magazine
  8. ↑ "Iowa State: 150 Points of Pride". Iowa State University. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
  9. ↑ "History of Iowa State: Time Line, 1858–1874". Iowa State University. 2006. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
  10. ↑ College Symposium of the Kansas State Agricultural College, 1891, retrieved 2011-07-08
  11. ↑ USDA Land-Grant Colleges and Universities (PDF)
  12. ↑ Becoming MIT: Moments of Decision
  13. ↑ Michigan Act 140 of 1863, 1863, retrieved 2011-07-08
  14. ↑ Sorber, N.M. Farmers, Scientists, and Officers of Industry: The Formation and Reformation of Land-Grant Colleges in the Northeastern United States.
  15. ↑ Vilsack, Tom. "Statement from Secretary Vilsack Celebrating Central State University's New Status as an 1890 Land-Grant Institution". USDA.gov. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
  16. ↑ Kane, Kathy Mast; Sauer, Doreen Uhas (2009). Columbus and the Ohio State University, Then and Now. London: Salamander Books.
  17. ↑ "Minority Relations at the Ohio State University". OSU.edu. The Ohio State University Libraries. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
  18. ↑ Encyclopedia Brunoniana
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