Kondopoga

For other uses of "Kondopoga", see Kondopoga (disambiguation).
Kondopoga (English)
Кондопога (Russian)
Kondupohju (Karelian)
-  Town[1]  -

Night in Kondopoga

Location of the Republic of Karelia in Russia
Kondopoga
Location of Kondopoga in the Republic of Karelia
Coordinates: 62°12′N 34°17′E / 62.200°N 34.283°E / 62.200; 34.283Coordinates: 62°12′N 34°17′E / 62.200°N 34.283°E / 62.200; 34.283
Coat of arms
Administrative status (as of April 2013)
Country Russia
Federal subject Republic of Karelia[1]
Administrative district Kondopozhsky District[1]
Administrative center of Kondopozhsky District[1]
Municipal status (as of April 2013)
Municipal district Kondopozhsky Municipal District[2]
Urban settlement Kondopozhskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Administrative center of Kondopozhsky Municipal District,[3] Kondopozhskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 32,987 inhabitants[4]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[5]
First mention 1563[6]
Town status since 1938
Dialing code(s) +7 81451
Official website
Kondopoga on Wikimedia Commons

Kondopoga (Russian: Ко́ндопога; Karelian: Kondupohju; Finnish: Kontupohja) is a town and the administrative center of Kondopozhsky District of the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located by the northern tip of the Kondopoga Bay of Lake Onega, near the mouth of the Suna River and Kivach Nature Reserve, about 54 kilometers (34 mi) from Petrozavodsk. Population: 32,987 (2010 Census);[4] 34,863 (2002 Census);[7] 36,365 (1989 Census).[8]

History

Historical affiliations

Tsardom of Russia 1563–1721
 Russian Empire 1721–1917
Russia Russian Republic 1917
Soviet Russia 1917–1922
 Soviet Union 1922–1991
 Russian Federation 1991–present

The very first written reference to Kondopoga dates back to 1563.[6] It became important after rich marble deposits were discovered nearby in 1757 and the quarries were founded. Kondopoga became a logistics hub for marble shipping to St. Petersburg. Later, iron ore deposits were found in the vicinity, which were shipped to metallurgical factories in Petrozavodsk and in Kentjärvi.

By 1892, Kondopoga had forty-eight buildings, three hundred inhabitants, two churches, and a college and held an annual trade fair on September 8–15.

During World War I, the Main Artillery Administrative Department of the Russian Military Ministry started construction of a nitric acid plant there, which was essential for gunpowder production. A hydroelectric power station was designed to meet considerable demand in the energy for such a plant. Kondopoga was well suitable for such a station due to significant water level drop between Lakes Nigozero and Onega. A 30 MW station was to become the largest in Russia. However, the October Revolution and the subsequent Civil War delayed the project, which was only revived in the Soviet time as a part of the GOELRO plan. According to the project, the waters of the Suna River were to be redirected towards the hydroelectric power station via the lake system. On July 19, 1923, Sovnarkhoz of Karelia ratified the formation of a building society (Kondostroy) to build a hydroelectric power station and a major pulp and paper mill. Kondopoga became the administrative center of a district in 1932 and was granted town status in 1938. At the time, its population was about fourteen thousand inhabitants.

On November 3, 1941, during World War II, Kondopoga was occupied by Finnish troops and totally destroyed. Industrial plants and factories were looted, including the pulp and paper mill, hydroelectric station, granite and brick factories, furniture factory, and other facilities. Approximately 250 houses and apartment buildings were demolished along with concert halls, museums, kindergarten, school, hotels, fire station, and government offices. All bridges in the vicinity were blown up. The town was liberated on June 28, 1944 by Red Army's Karelian Front as part of Svir–Petrozavodsk Offensive. After the war, the town was rebuilt. In 1957, Kondopoga was declared the All-Union Komsomol building site. A number of new factories were built and the pulp and paper mill was also expanded. The population grew to 38,000 people.

On the night of August 29–30, 2006, two ethnic Russians were killed and several others badly injured by Chechens, starting 2006 ethnic tensions in Kondopoga.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kondopoga serves as the administrative center of Kondopozhsky District, to which it is directly subordinated.[1] As a municipal division, the town of Kondopoga, together with three rural localities, is incorporated within Kondopozhsky Municipal District as Kondopozhskoye Urban Settlement.[2]

Economy and transportation

View of Kondopoga from space

Kondopoga has a railway station on the Moscow–Murmansk railroad, some of the largest pulp and paper mills in Eastern Europe, a medical college, and facilities for the manufacture of building materials.

The Blue Highway, an international tourist route, starts in Mo i Rana, Norway, goes through Sweden and Finland, and then through Kondopoga, before ending in Pudozh.

Architecture

Dormition Church in Kondopoga

First recorded as early as 1495, Kondopoga retains a rare monument of Russian wooden architecture — the Dormition Church (Успенская церковь), built in 1774. The central column of this church is crowned by a hipped roof, 42 m in total height. The column is based on a central rectangular framework, with adjacent frameworks for the refectory and altar. The altar framework is covered by a traditional wooden roof, called a barrel roof.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Law #871-RZK
  2. 1 2 3 4 Law #813-RZK
  3. ↑ Law #825-ZRK
  4. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  5. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  6. 1 2 "Kondopoga: History". Retrieved July 25, 2013.
  7. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  8. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.

Sources

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