Jayavarman VIII

Jayavarman VIII (Khmer: ជ័យវរ្ម័នទី៨), posthumous name Paramesvarapada, was one of the prominent kings of the Khmer empire. His rule lasted from 1243 till 1295, when he abdicated. One of his wives was Queen Chakravartirajadevi.[1]:181,191–192,211–212 He reverted back to Hinduism from his father's religion of Buddhism and patronized Hinduism throughout his regime.

It was during the reign of Jayavarman VIII that the Mongol forces under the command of Kublai Khan attacked the Angkor empire in 1283. In 1281, Jayavarman VIII had imprisoned emissaries of the Mongol generalissimo in Champa.[1]:192[2] In 1283, he decided to pay tribute and buy peace and thus his rule survived.[3] Chinese annals record that in 1291, "the king of Lohu" [Cambodia] sent a mission who presented “the usual tribute of gold, elephant ivory and other things”.[4] In 1290, the Mon people regained their independence.[5]

Jayavarman VIII suffered a devastating war against the Sukhothai Kingdom.[1]:211

Jayavarman VIII was a Shivaite who destroyed or changed every Buddhist image in the kingdom. He endowed a Hindu shrine Mangalartha in 1295, just before he was overthrown by his son-in-law Indravarman III (Srindravarman), a Buddhist.[6]:133[7]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella, ed. The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
  2. ↑ Chou Ta-kuan 周達観 (Zhou Daguan, fl.1297), Customs of Cambodia 風土記 , transl. Paul Pelliot and J. Gilman d’Arcy Paul, Bangkok, Siam Society, 1993, pp.xviii-xix.
  3. ↑ Cœdès, George. (1956) The Making of South East Asia, pp.127-128.
  4. ↑ Twenty-eighth year of Zhi Yuan [1291], tenth month. The king of Lohu sent a mission who presented, with a memorial inscribed in letters of gold, the usual tribute of gold, elephant ivory, a red-crowned crane, five-coloured parrots, kingfisher feathers, rhinoceros horn, dammar resin, Barus camphor (borneol), and other things 嵇璜 ; Ji Huang, 續文獻通考 Xu Wen Xie Tong Kao (Continuation of the Overall Survey of Literature), Taipei, 臺灣商務印書館 Taiwan shang wu yin shu guan, 1983, 卷二十八 Ch.28.
  5. ↑ Cœdès, George. (1964) Les États hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie Paris.
  6. ↑ Higham, C., 2001, The Civilization of Angkor, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN 9781842125847
  7. ↑ Angkor Era - Part III (1181 - 1309 A.D), Cambodia Travel.
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Indravarman II		 King of Cambodia
1243–1295 		Succeeded by
Indravarman III


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 10/21/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.