Iodine pentafluoride
| |||
| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Iodine(V) fluoride | |||
| Systematic IUPAC name
Pentafluoro-λ5-iodane | |||
| Other names
Iodic fluoride | |||
| Identifiers | |||
7783-66-6  | |||
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image | ||
| ChemSpider | 455940  | ||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.108 | ||
| EC Number | 232-019-7 | ||
| PubChem | 522683 | ||
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| Properties | |||
| IF5 | |||
| Molar mass | 221.89 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | colorless or pale yellow liquid | ||
| Density | 3.250 g/cm3 | ||
| Melting point | 9.43 °C (48.97 °F; 282.58 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 97.85 °C (208.13 °F; 371.00 K) | ||
| Reacts[1] | |||
| Structure | |||
| monoclinic point group C2/c | |||
| square pyramidal | |||
| square pyramidal[2] | |||
| Hazards | |||
| Main hazards | Toxic, oxidizing, corrosive. | ||
| Safety data sheet | External MSDS | ||
| GHS pictograms |     | ||
| GHS signal word | Danger | ||
| H271, H330, H311, H301, H314, H371, H410[3] | |||
| P202, P232, P304, P310[3] | |||
| NFPA 704 | |||
| Related compounds | |||
| Other anions |
Iodine pentoxide | ||
| Other cations |
Bromine pentafluoride | ||
| Related compounds |
Iodine monofluoride Iodine trifluoride Iodine heptafluoride | ||
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
| verify (what is ?) | |||
| Infobox references | |||
Iodine pentafluoride is an interhalogen compound with chemical formula IF5. It is a fluoride of iodine. It is a colorless or yellow liquid with a density of 3.250 g cm−3. It was first synthesized by Henri Moissan in 1891 by burning solid iodine in fluorine gas.[4] This exothermic reaction is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved.[5][6]
- I2 + 5 F2 → 2 IF5
Chemistry
Iodine pentafluoride is a strong fluorination agent and is highly oxidative. It reacts vigorously with water forming hydrofluoric acid and with more fluorine forming iodine heptafluoride.
Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis with water.[7]
- R-CH2-NH2 → R-CN
References
- ↑ Patnaik, P. (2002). Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-049439-8.
- ↑ Durbank, R. D.; Jones, G. R. (1974). "Crystal structure of Iodine Pentafluoride at -80° ". Inorganic Chemistry. 13 (5): 421–439. doi:10.1021/ic50135a012.
- 1 2 http://www.chemadvisor.com/Matheson/database/msds/mat11440000800003.PDF
- ↑ Moissan, M. H. (1891). "Nouvelles Recherches sur le Fluor". Annales de Chimie et de Physique. 6 (24): 224–282.
- ↑ Ruff, O.; Keim, R. (1930). "Das Jod-7-fluorid [The iodine-7-fluoride]". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie (in German). 193 (1): 176–186. doi:10.1002/zaac.19301930117.
- ↑ Ruff O.; Keim R. (1931). "Fluorierung von Verbindungen des Kohlenstoffs (Benzol und Tetrachlormethan mit Jod-5-fluorid, sowie Tetrachlormethan mit Fluor) [Fluoridation of Carbon Compounds (Benzene and Tetrachlormethane with Iodine-5-Fluoride, and Tetrachloromethane with Fluorine)]". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie (in German). 201 (1): 245–258. doi:10.1002/zaac.19312010122.
- ↑ Stevens, T. E. (1966). "Rearrangement of Amides with Iodine Pentafluoride". Journal of Organic Chemistry. 31 (6): 2025–2026. doi:10.1021/jo01344a539.
Further reading
- Lord, R. C.; Lynch, M. A.; Schumb, W. C.; Slowinski, E. J. (1950). "The Vibrational Spectra and Structures of Iodine Pentafluoride and Heptafluoride". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 72 (1): 522–527. doi:10.1021/ja01157a135.
- Rogers, M. T.; Speirs, J. L.; Thompson, H. B.; Panish, M. B. (1954). "Iodine Pentafluoride, Freezing and Boiling Point, Heat of Vaporization and Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relations". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 76 (19): 4843–4844. doi:10.1021/ja01648a022.
- Rogers, M. T.; Thompson, H. B.; Speirs, J. L. (1954). "Dielectric Constants of Liquid Chlorine Trifluoride and Iodine Pentafluoride". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 76 (19): 4841–4843. doi:10.1021/ja01648a021.
- Booth, H. S.; Pinkston, J. T. Jr. (1947). "The Halogen Fluorides". Chemical Reviews. 41 (3): 421–439. doi:10.1021/cr60130a001.
External links
- WebBook page for IF5
- National Pollutant Inventory - fluoride and compounds fact sheet
- web elements listing
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