Interleukin-12 subunit beta

IL12B
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1F42, 1F45, 3D85, 3D87, 3DUH, 3HMX, 3QWR, 4GRW, 4OE8, 4OG9
Identifiers
Aliases	IL12B, CLMF, CLMF2, IL-12B, IMD28, NKSF, NKSF2, IMD29, Interleukin 12 subunit beta, interleukin 12B
External IDs	MGI: 96540 HomoloGene: 1648 GeneCards: IL12B
Genetically Related Diseases
psoriasis[1]
Gene ontology Molecular function • cytokine activity • interleukin-23 receptor binding • protein homodimerization activity • interleukin-12 receptor binding • protein binding • identical protein binding • protein heterodimerization activity • interleukin-12 alpha subunit binding • cytokine receptor activity • growth factor activity • cytokine receptor binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • membrane • interleukin-12 complex • extracellular space • interleukin-23 complex • extracellular region Biological process • positive regulation of cell adhesion • negative regulation of interleukin-10 production • negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation • positive regulation of inflammatory response • sexual reproduction • positive regulation of interleukin-12 production • negative regulation of growth of symbiont in host • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process • defense response to Gram-negative bacterium • positive regulation of interleukin-10 production • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process • positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity • natural killer cell activation • positive regulation of natural killer cell activation • positive regulation of interferon-gamma production • regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein • positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein • positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation • positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein • interferon-gamma biosynthetic process • positive regulation of T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment • response to organic substance • positive regulation of NK T cell activation • positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation • natural killer cell activation involved in immune response • cell surface receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation • positive regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response • negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus • defense response to virus • positive regulation of tissue remodeling • positive regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response • positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target • cell cycle arrest • positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production • positive regulation of T cell proliferation • positive regulation of memory T cell differentiation • cellular response to interferon-gamma • positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production • T-helper 1 type immune response • regulation of cytokine biosynthetic process • sensory perception of pain • response to UV-B • positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat4 protein • positive regulation of interleukin-17 production • positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus • cellular response to lipopolysaccharide • negative regulation of interleukin-17 production • T-helper cell differentiation • cell migration • positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation • positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation • positive regulation of activation of JAK2 kinase activity • positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation • defense response to protozoan • positive regulation of defense response to virus by host Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3593	16160
Ensembl	ENSG00000113302	ENSMUSG00000004296
UniProt	P29460	P43432
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002187	NM_008352 NM_001303244
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002178.2	NP_001290173.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 5: 159.31 – 159.33 Mb	Chr 11: 44.4 – 44.41 Mb
PubMed search	[2]	[3]
Wikidata

Subunit beta of interleukin 12 (also known as IL-12B, natural killer cell stimulatory factor 2, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor p40, or interleukin-12 subunit p40)^[4] is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL12B gene. IL-12B is a common subunit of interleukin 12 and Interleukin 23.

Function

This gene encodes a subunit of interleukin 12, a cytokine that acts on T and natural killer cells, and has a broad array of biological activities. Interleukin 12 is a disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of the 40 kD cytokine receptor like subunit encoded by this gene, and a 35 kD subunit encoded by IL12A. This cytokine is expressed by activated macrophages that serve as an essential inducer of Th1 cells development. This cytokine has been found to be important for sustaining a sufficient number of memory/effector Th1 cells to mediate long-term protection to an intracellular pathogen. Overexpression of this gene was observed in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting a role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of the disease. The promoter gene polymorphism of this gene has been reported to be associated with the severity of atopic and non-atopic asthma in children.^[4]

Role as IL-23 subunit

Interleukin-12 p40 also serves as a subunit of Interleukin 23.^[5]

References

Further reading

PDB gallery
1f42: THE P40 DOMAIN OF HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-12  1f45: HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-12