Hyparrhenia

thatching grass
Hyparrhenia rufa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
(unranked): Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Genus: Hyparrhenia
Andersson ex Fourn.
Type species
Hyparrhenia foliosa
(Kunth) Andersson ex Fourn.[1]
Synonyms[2]

Dybowskia Stapf

Hyparrhenia is a genus of grasses.[3][4] Many species are known commonly as thatching grass.[5][6][7][8]

They are mostly native to tropical Africa; some can be found in warmer areas in temperate Eurasia, Australia, and Latin America. These are annual and perennial bunch grasses. The inflorescence branches into twin spikes of paired spikelets.[9][10][11]

Species[2]
  1. Hyparrhenia anamesa - dry Africa from Ethiopia to Cape Province
  2. Hyparrhenia andongensis - Angola
  3. Hyparrhenia anemopaegma - Zambia
  4. Hyparrhenia anthistirioides - dry Africa from Eritrea to Malawi
  5. Hyparrhenia arrhenobasis - Ethiopia
  6. Hyparrhenia bagirmica - West Africa
  7. Hyparrhenia barteri - from Burkina Faso to Malawi
  8. Hyparrhenia bracteata - Africa (from Mali to Zimbabwe), Thailand, Vietnam, New Guinea, Latin America (from Veracruz to Paraná)
  9. Hyparrhenia claytonii - Ethiopia
  10. Hyparrhenia coleotricha - Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, Tanzania, Yemen
  11. Hyparrhenia collina - dry Africa from Nigeria to Ethiopia to KwaZulu-Natal
  12. Hyparrhenia confinis - tropical Africa from Zaïre to Ethiopia
  13. Hyparrhenia coriacea - Central African Rep
  14. Hyparrhenia cyanescens from Gambia to Zaïre
  15. Hyparrhenia cymbaria - Africa, Madagascar, Comoros, India
  16. Hyparrhenia dichroa - from Djibouti to KwaZulu-Natal
  17. Hyparrhenia diplandra - tropical Africa, southern China, Thailand, Vietnam, Sulawesi
  18. Hyparrhenia dregeana - from Yemen + Eritrea to Swaziland
  19. Hyparrhenia dybowskii - Zaïre, Central African Rep
  20. Hyparrhenia exarmata - from Mali to Kenya
  21. Hyparrhenia familiaris - from Guinea to Angola
  22. Hyparrhenia figariana - from Nigeria to Tanzania
  23. Hyparrhenia filipendula - from Guinea to KwaZulu-Natal; Madagascar, Yunnan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, New Guinea, Queensland, New South Wales
  24. Hyparrhenia finitima - from Sierra Leone to Mpumalanga
  25. Hyparrhenia formosa - from Ethiopia + Yemen to Malawi
  26. Hyparrhenia gazensis - from Uganda to KwaZulu-Natal
  27. Hyparrhenia glabriuscula - tropical Africa
  28. Hyparrhenia gossweileri - Zaïre, Tanzania, Angola, Zambia
  29. Hyparrhenia griffithii - Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Madagascar, Yunnan, Assam, Myanmar, Vietnam
  30. Hyparrhenia hirta - Africa, southern Europe, southwest Asia from France to Cape Province to Pakistan; naturalized in scattered sites in Australia, North + South America
  31. Hyparrhenia involucrata - from Burkina Faso to Congo Rep
  32. Hyparrhenia madaropoda - from South Sudan to Mozambique
  33. Hyparrhenia mobukensis - from Ethiopia to Malawi
  34. Hyparrhenia multiplex - Ethiopia + Sudan
  35. Hyparrhenia neglecta - Ethiopia
  36. Hyparrhenia newtonii - Africa (from Guinea to Swaziland), Madagascar, China, Southeast Asia, New Guinea
  37. Hyparrhenia niariensis - from Cameroon to Zambia
  38. Hyparrhenia nyassae - tropical Africa, Madagascar, Thailand, Vietnam
  39. Hyparrhenia papillipes - Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Yemen, Tanzania, Madagascar
  40. Hyparrhenia pilgeriana - from Ethiopia to KwaZulu-Natal
  41. Hyparrhenia pilosa - Central African Rep
  42. Hyparrhenia poecilotricha - from Guinea to KwaZulu-Natal
  43. Hyparrhenia praetermissa - Sulawesi
  44. Hyparrhenia quarrei - from Yemen to Nigeria + KwaZulu-Natal
  45. Hyparrhenia rudis - tropical Africa, Madagascar
  46. Hyparrhenia rufa - tropical - southern Africa; Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand; naturalized in Florida, Texas, Latin America (from Chihuahua to Paraguay); various islands in Caribbean, Pacific, Indian Ocean
  47. Hyparrhenia schimperi - from Ethiopia to Cape Province; Madagascar
  48. Hyparrhenia smithiana - from Guinea to Congo Rep
  49. Hyparrhenia subplumosa - from Guinea to Zimbabwe
  50. Hyparrhenia tamba - from Eritrea to Lesotho
  51. Hyparrhenia tuberculata - Ethiopia
  52. Hyparrhenia umbrosa - from Nigeria to KwaZulu-Natal; Comoros
  53. Hyparrhenia variabilis - from Yemen + Eritrea to KwaZulu-Natal; Comoros, Madagascar
  54. Hyparrhenia violascens - Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Chad, Cameroon
  55. Hyparrhenia welwitschii - from Guinea to Zimbabwe; Comoros
  56. Hyparrhenia wombaliensis - Cameroon, Congo Rep, Zaïre
formerly included[2]

see Andropogon Elymandra Exotheca Hyperthelia Parahyparrhenia

  • Hyparrhenia abyssinica - Exotheca abyssinica
  • Hyparrhenia archaelymandra - Elymandra archaelymandra
  • Hyparrhenia baddadae - Elymandra grallata
  • Hyparrhenia cornucopiae - Hyperthelia cornucopiae
  • Hyparrhenia dissoluta - Hyperthelia dissoluta
  • Hyparrhenia djalonica - Parahyparrhenia annua
  • Hyparrhenia edulis - Hyperthelia edulis
  • Hyparrhenia eylesii - Elymandra grallata
  • Hyparrhenia grallata - Elymandra grallata
  • Hyparrhenia jaegeriana - Parahyparrhenia annua
  • Hyparrhenia lithophila - Elymandra lithophila
  • Hyparrhenia macrolepis - Hyperthelia dissoluta
  • Hyparrhenia monathera - Exotheca abyssinica
  • Hyparrhenia pusilla - Andropogon pusillus
  • Hyparrhenia sulcata - Parahyparrhenia annua

References

  1. ↑ lectotype designated by Clayton, Kew Bull., Add. Ser. 2: 38 (1969)
  2. 1 2 3 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ↑ Fournier, Eugène Pierre Nicolas. 1886. Mexicanas Plantas 2: 51, 67 in Latin
  4. ↑ Tropicos, Hyparrhenia Andersson ex E. Fourn
  5. ↑ Onana, J.M. (2011). The vascular plants of Cameroon a taxonomic checklist with IUCN assessments: 1-195. National herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé.
  6. ↑ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 631 苞茅属 bao mao shu Hyparrhenia Andersson ex Fournier, Mexic. Pl. 2: 51, 67. 1886.
  7. ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana genere hyparrhenia
  8. ↑ Atlas of Living Australia
  9. ↑ Filgueiras, T. S. 1981. O genero Hyparrhenia (Gramineae) no Brasil. Anais do XXXII Congresso Nacional de Botanica 44–57.
  10. ↑ Pohl, R. W. 1994. 164. Hyparrhenia Andersson ex Fourn. 6: 393–394. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & A.O. Chater (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F..
  11. ↑ Sanbi, Red List of South African Plants
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