HNLMS Zwaardvisch (P322)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Talent.
HMS Thorn, a British T-class submarine similar to HNLMS Zwaardvisch
History
United Kingdom
Name: HMS Talent
Builder:
Laid down: 13 October 1942
Launched: 17 July 1943
Fate: Transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy on 23 March 1943
Netherlands
Name: HNLMS Zwaardvisch
Commissioned: 23 November 1943
Decommissioned: 11 December 1962
Renamed: Zwaardvis in 1950
Fate: sold for scrapping 12 July 1963
General characteristics
Class and type: T-class/Zwaardvisch-class submarine
Displacement:
  • 1,290 tons surfaced
  • 1,560 tons submerged
Length: 276 ft 6 in (84.28 m)
Beam: 25 ft 6 in (7.77 m)
Draught:
  • 12 ft 9 in (3.89 m) forward
  • 14 ft 7 in (4.45 m) aft
Propulsion:
  • Two shafts
  • Twin diesel engines 2,500 hp (1,900 kW) each
  • Twin electric motors 1,450 hp (1,080 kW) each
Speed:
  • 15.5 kn (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph) surfaced
  • 9 kn (17 km/h; 10 mph) submerged
Range: 4,500 nmi (8,300 km; 5,200 mi) at 11 kn (20 km/h; 13 mph) surfaced
Test depth: 300 ft (91 m) max
Complement: 61
Armament:
  • 6 internal forward-facing torpedo tubes
  • 2 external forward-facing torpedo tubes
  • 2 external amidships rear-facing torpedo tubes
  • 1 external rear-facing torpedo tubes
  • 6 reload torpedoes
  • 4 in (102 mm) deck gun
  • 3 anti aircraft machine guns

HNLMS Zwaardvisch (S814) was the lead ship of the Royal Netherlands Navy's Zwaardvisch-class submarine, which was based on the British T class. The submarine was originally ordered as HMS Talent (P322) and built by Vickers Armstrong, Barrow, and John Brown & Company, Clydebank. It served mainly in the Pacific against the Japanese during the war, operating under both British and US operational command in Ceylon and Australia. In 1950, the vessel was renamed HNLMS Zwaardvisch. She was sold and broken up for scrap in 1963.

Design and description

Zwaardvisch was 276 ft 6 in (84.28 m) long, had a beam of 25 ft 6 in (7.77 m) and a draught of 12 ft 9 in (3.89 m) forward and 14 ft 7 in (4.45 m) aft. She displaced 1,290 tons surfaced and 1,560 tons submerged. Powered by twin 2,500 horsepower (1,900 kW) diesel engines, and twin 1,450 horsepower (1,080 kW) electric motors, the submarine was capable of achieving 15.5 knots (28.7 km/h; 17.8 mph) while surfaced and 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph) submerged. She had a range of 4,500 nautical miles (8,300 km; 5,200 mi) at 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph) surfaced, and could submerge 300 ft (91 m). She had a complement of 61 personnel and was armed with six internal forward-facing torpedo tubes, two external forward-facing torpedo tubes, two external amidships rear-facing torpedo tubes, one external rear-facing torpedo tubes, six reload torpedoes, a single 4-inch (102 mm) deck gun and three anti-aircraft machine guns.[1]

Operational history

The submarine was laid down on 13 October 1942 and built by Vickers Armstrong, of Barrow, and John Brown & Company, of Clydebank. She was launched on 17 July 1943 as HMS Talent, but was not commissioned into the Royal Navy, instead being transferred to the Royal Netherlands Navy on 23 March 1943, and commissioned into service on 23 November 1943. She was renamed Zwaardvisch, Dutch for "Swordfish". She went on to lead a distinguished career.[2]

Under the command of Lieutenant Hendrikus Goossens, Zwaardvisch moved to Rothesay the following month and began sea trials based out of Holy Loch until February 1944. Throughout late February and into March, the submarine undertook patrols into the Atlantic and then off the coast of Norway. Later, she attempted to find the German battleship Tirpitz before returning to Dundee. A patrol to the Portuguese coast followed in May, after which she put in to Gibraltar, where orders transferring the vessel to the Far East were received. Arriving in Trincomalee, Ceylon, in July 1944, Zwaardvisch came under the operational control of the British Far Eastern Fleet, and conducted a patrol through the Strait of Malacca, during which time she attacked several ships, including Kim Hup Soen and two Malaysian sailing vessels, mainly with her deck gun.[3]

Assigned to the British 8th Submarine Flotilla, Zwaardvisch operated out of Fremantle, Western Australia, after September 1944,[4] at which time she was placed under the operational command of the US fleet. In October, she also sank the Japanese guardboat Koei Maru, the Japanese oceanographic research vessel Kaiyō No.2 and the Japanese minelayer Itsukushima. She also damaged the Japanese minelayer Wakataka. On 6 October 1944, she sank the German submarine U-168.[5] The submarine had been on a patrol around Java when she received directions via radio to establish an ambush off Surabaya, where she subsequently torpedoed and sank U-168, which had been on its way to Japan to transfer important military technologies.[4]

The final months of the war were spent in the South China Sea attacking Japanese merchantmen, and patrolling the Lombok Strait. In February 1945, Zwaardvisch was attacked and damaged by a Japanese aircraft and had to return to Fremantle the following month for repairs. Once these were complete, she returned to the Java Sea under the command of Lieutenant Jan van Dapperen, where she made further attacks on Japanese merchantmen throughout April and May before returning to Fremantle to repair faulty communications and weapons systems. Following the surrender of Germany in early May, the submarine returned to Britain to undertake further repairs in Dundee before transferring to Rotterdam in August 1945.[3]

Apart from a voyage to the Dutch West Indies in 1947, she had a relatively quiet post war career, being renamed Zwaardvis in 1950. She was decommissioned on 11 December 1962, and was sold to be broken up for scrap on 12 July 1963.[3]

References

Citations

  1. ↑ "T class Submarines". Uboat.net. Retrieved 12 July 2015.
  2. ↑ "HMS Talent". Uboat.net. Retrieved 12 July 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 "Dutch Submarines: Zwaardvis". dutchsubmarines.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 12 July 2015.
  4. 1 2 Hurst 2001, p. 125.
  5. ↑ "HNMS Zwaardvisch". Uboat.net. Retrieved 12 July 2015.

Bibliography


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