HMS Edinburgh (D97)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Edinburgh.
HMS Edinburgh, on patrol near the Falkland Islands.
History
United Kingdom
Name: HMS Edinburgh
Builder: Cammell Laird
Laid down: 8 September 1980
Launched: 14 April 1983
Sponsored by: Ann Heseltine; wife of Michael Heseltine
Commissioned: 17 December 1985
Decommissioned: 6 June 2013
Homeport: HMNB Portsmouth
Identification:
Nickname(s): "Fortress of the Sea"[2]
Status: Transferred to Turkey for scrapping September 2015
Badge:
  • On a Field White, upon a mount of rock in base Proper, a castle, triple turreted, mason White. The flags, windows and portcullis Red.
General characteristics
Class and type: Type 42 destroyer
Displacement: 5,200 tonnes
Length: 141 m (463 ft)
Beam: 15.2 m (50 ft)
Propulsion:
  • COGOG (Combined Gas or Gas) turbines, 2 x Rolls Royce Olympus, 2 x Tyne, 2 shafts
  • 2 turbines producing 36 MW (48,000 hp)
Speed: 34 kn (63 km/h; 39 mph)
Complement: 269[3]
Armament:
Aircraft carried:
  • Lynx Mk 8 SRU armed with:
    • 3 × anti ship missiles
    • 2 × anti submarine torpedoes

HMS Edinburgh was a Type 42 (Batch 3) destroyer of the Royal Navy. Edinburgh was built by Cammell Laird of Birkenhead. She was launched on 14 April 1983 and commissioned on 17 December 1985. The largest of the Type 42 destroyers, Edinburgh was known as the "Fortress of the Sea". Edinburgh was the last of the Type 42 destroyer to serve in the Royal Navy and was decommissioned on 6 June 2013.[4][5]

Distinctive appearance

Edinburgh's distinctive forecastle

Edinburgh was readily distinguished by her distinctively different forecastle. When it was decided to fit the Phalanx CIWS to this class of warships, it was intended that Edinburgh should carry a single CIWS unit, mounted forward between her 4.5-inch gun and the Sea Dart launcher. To this end, her breakwaters were enlarged and she was fitted with a raised bulwark, very like those carried on the Type 22 frigates.

This location proved to be an unsuitably wet one for the Phalanx system despite the modifications to this warship, and Edinburgh was later fitted with a pair of wing-mounted CIWS as carried by the other ships of the class, but she retains her distinctive bulwark and enlarged breakwaters.

Edinburgh also differed from some ships of her class in carrying her badges flush to the funnel sides rather than on the funnel wing platforms.

Operations

1990-2001

In 1990, Edinburgh completed a refit, which included the fitting of the Phalanx Close-in weapon system (CIWS). In 1994, Edinburgh was present at a Fleet Review to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the D-Day landings in 1944. In 1998, Edinburgh deployed to the South Atlantic, where she patrolled the waters around the Falkland Islands, as well as making 'fly-the-flag' visits to various South American ports.

2002-2010

Edinburgh, Portsmouth, 2004.
Edinburgh Cape Town, 2006.
Edinburgh at Mahon, Minorca, July 2008.

On 27 September 2002, Edinburgh sailed into the River Mersey to escort the yachts at the end of the Clipper Round the World Yacht Race.[6]

In January 2003, Edinburgh deployed to the Persian Gulf and subsequently took part in the Second Gulf War against the dictator Saddam Hussein. While there, Edinburgh performed a variety of tasks, which included supporting the Royal Marines ashore, as well as being escort to the helicopter carrier Ocean. She returned to her home base at Portsmouth in May. In April 2004, Edinburgh deployed to the Mediterranean, where she first joined Standing Naval Force Mediterranean (STANAVFORMED), and while there she took part in Operation Active Endeavour, designed to monitor sea lanes as part of the War on Terror.

On her return to the UK, Edinburgh went into an extensive refit in Rosyth. She left Rosyth in September 2005 to conduct trials to ensure that she was materially up to operational standard before conducting operational sea training in the New Year. Edinburgh then took part in Exercise Neptune Warrior off the coast of Scotland; conducted a High Seas Firing of her Sea Dart missile system and then took part in the multi-national BALTOPS exercise in the Baltic Sea. The time in the Baltic included visits to Sweden, Germany and Estonia. During the visit to Estonia, Edinburgh took part in the naval parade celebrating an Estonian national holiday. The day prior to the parade, the destroyer rammed into the newly built dock on the island of Saaremaa when trying to dock. This led to a rather large hole in the upper part of the bow well above the waterline.

Edinburgh was deployed to the Middle and Far East from February until late July 2008 as part of Orion 2008, including a visit to Singapore and operations in the Gulf, during which she took part in an interception of a drugs cargo.

2010 refit

Edinburgh became the last Type 42 destroyer to undergo a refit when she entered dry dock on 25 January 2010 at BAE Systems Surface Ships shipyard in Portsmouth Naval Base for work to keep the ship in service until 2013.[7]

Under a £17.5 million contract, the company refurbished the destroyer's weapons and communications systems, added a transom flap to the stern and applied a coat of International Paint's Intersleek 900 foul-release paint. The refit included a renewal of crew living quarters, catering facilities and laundry equipment. Edinburgh's four Rolls-Royce gas turbine engines were removed; with two being replaced by new units (starboard Olympus TM3B and port Tyne RM1C). In a company statement on 18 January 2010, BAE Systems said that the modifications would cut fuel consumption by 15 per cent.

Edinburgh emerged from refit in September 2010 to undergo sea trials that include testing the ship's propulsion machinery, radar and communication equipment, as well as her ability to conduct flying operations. Edinburgh's signatures were assessed for radar cross section, heat, magnetic and acoustics before trials culminating in live firings of medium and close range weapons.[8] The ship was formally accepted back into the fleet in late October 2010, followed by a rededication ceremony in early November.

2011-2013

HMS Edinburgh being towed under Tower Bridge on a visit to London just prior to decommissioning.
HMS Edinburgh with HMS Defender (D36) and HMS Duncan (D37) at Portsmouth, 1 June 2013

In April 2011 Edinburgh successfully completed Sea-Dart missile firing trials.[9] May 2011 saw the ship begin an eight-month deployment visiting the Cape Verde and Falkland Islands.[2] On 13 April 2012 Edinburgh fired the last ever operational Sea Dart missiles after a thirty-year career. The last two remaining Type 42s, York and Edinburgh completed their careers without the system being operational.[10]

On 7 May 2013 Edinburgh arrived in the Pool of London, at the start of a farewell tour of Great Britain.[11] She called at Edinburgh from 15 to 21 May, followed by Cammell Laird, Birkenhead, where she was built.[12] Her final call on the tour was Lyme Regis on 29 May,[13] prior to sailing for Portsmouth for decommissioning. She arrived in Portsmouth on 31 May[14] and was open to the public there on 1 and 2 June.[15] She was decommissioned on 6 June.[16]

Save HMS Edinburgh Campaign

In May 2013 a campaign was launched[17][18] to bring the last of the RN's fourteen Type 42 Destroyers to the Port of Leith in Edinburgh and make her into a museum. The campaign was gathering public, political and business support and feasibility studies were being done.[19][20]

Leith is already home to the royal yacht HMY Britannia, the steam trawler SS Explorer and the Trinity House Maritime Museum.[21]

The campaign has also received recent support from the charitable trust that looks after the royal yacht Britannia.[22]

HMS Edinburgh departed Portsmouth under tow on 12 August 2015 for the last time to be dismantled in Turkey.

Affiliations

References

  1. ↑ "Royal Navy Bridge Card, February 2009" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-20.
  2. 1 2 "Royal Navy investigating death of female officer on ship". BBC News. 22 June 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  3. ↑ Royal Navy (11 July 2013). "A Global Force 2012/13" (pdf). Newsdesk Media. ISBN 978-1-906940-75-1. Complement as of 24 April 2013
  4. ↑ "Royal Navy's HMS York makes final Portsmouth return". BBC News. 20 September 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  5. ↑ "End of an era as HMS Edinburgh returns from Atlantic deployment". Royal Navy. 28 March 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  6. ↑ "Clipper returns". BBC Liverpool. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  7. ↑ "HMS Edinburgh enters final refit". Retrieved 2010-01-25.
  8. ↑ "Fortress of the Sea returns to the waves". Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 2010-09-21.
  9. ↑ "HMS Edinburgh Finishes With A Bang". Royal Navy. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  10. ↑ "HMS Edinburgh Fires Final Sea Dart Missiles". Archived from the original on 14 May 2012. Retrieved 2012-05-20.
  11. ↑ "Warships in London for Battle of Atlantic commemorations". Government of the United Kingdom. 9 May 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  12. ↑ "Sailors say goodbye to HMS Edinburgh". Edinburgh News. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  13. ↑ "HMS Edinburgh warship pays a surprise visit to Lyme Regis". Bridport News. 30 May 2013. Retrieved 17 May 2015.
  14. ↑ "HMS Edinburgh in final return to Portsmouth". BBC News. 31 May 2013.
  15. ↑
  16. ↑ "End of an era as HMS Edinburgh returns". Royal Navy. 29 May 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  17. ↑ Morrison, Dawn (1 June 2013). "HMS Edinburgh museum petition launched". Edinburgh News. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  18. ↑ Archived 17 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
  19. ↑ "HMS Edinburgh: Bid to bring destroyer back to city as tourist attraction". BBC News. 20 June 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  20. ↑ "Bidding to bring HMS Edinburgh home". Lord Provost's Blog. The City of Edinburgh Council. 21 June 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  21. ↑ "Trinity House Maritime Museum". Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  22. ↑ "HMS Edinburgh plan backed by Britannia chiefs". Edinburgh News. 12 November 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
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