Geraldine Pittman Woods

Geraldine Pittman Woods
Born (1921-01-29)January 29, 1921
West Palm Beach, Florida
Died December 27, 1999(1999-12-27) (aged 78)
Aliso Viejo, California
Fields Embryology
Alma mater Howard University
Radcliffe College
Known for Science administration

Geraldine Pittman "Jerri" Woods (1921–1999) was an African American science administrator. She is known for her lifelong dedication to community service and for establishing programs that promote minorities in STEM fields, scientific research, and basic research.[1][2]

Early life and education

Woods was born on January 29, 1921 in West Palm Beach, Florida to Susie (King) and Oscar Pittman. In the fourth grade, Woods transferred from a private Episcopal school to Industrial High School, the only public school in the area that allowed African-American students. She graduated high school in 1938 and attended Talladega College, a historically black college in Talladega, Alabama.[3]

Neither of her parents had higher than an eighth grade education,[4] and Woods' father died when she was a teenager,[3] but her mother was very adamant about Woods doing well in school. Woods once stated:

"My mother paid for everything. She had a tremendous commitment to education in general and my education in particular... Since she was always aware that she never had the opportunity to get an education, she wanted me, her only child, to have all the education I desired."[2]

In 1940, Woods' mother fell ill and was admitted to Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. In order to be closer to her, Woods' transferred to Howard University in Washington, D.C.[4] At Howard University, Woods excelled in biology and other science classes.[4] Dr. Louis Hansborough, a professor at Howard, encouraged her to continue studying embryology after graduation in 1942. Woods then attended a Radcliffe College and Harvard University partnership program to earn a master of science degree in 1943 and a Ph.D. in neuro-embryology in 1945.[2]

In 1945 she was also elected into Phi Beta Kappa, a national honors society, for her scholastic achievements.[5]

Career

1940s-1950s

After earning her doctorate, Woods briefly took a position as an instructor at Howard University, her alma mater, until 1946. She then took a 25-year hiatus from science to focus on her family.[2]

1960s

Woods became heavily involved with local volunteering and community affairs, particularly those pertaining to minorities.[1][2][3] Over time, her volunteer efforts expanded to national levels.[2] Starting in 1963, she served a four-year term on the Personnel Board of the California Department of Employment. The following year, she became a member of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), an institute of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Later, in 1964, Dr. Geraldine P. Woods became the first African American woman appointed to the National Advisory General Medical Services (NAGMS) Council, an advisory board for NIGMS.[6][7] In this position, she addressed the need to improve science education and research opportunities at minority institutions.[2][6] In 1969 NIGMS appointed her as a special consultant, a highly revered position.[3]

She was a member of the Delta Sigma Theta, a historically African American sorority, for decades, and she served two terms as national president from 1963 to 1967.[8] Under her leadership, in 1967 Delta Sigma Theta founded The Delta Research and Educational Foundation (DREF), a nonprofit[9] that aids organizations with foundations in community service.[5]

Woods' feats in community development caught the eye of First Lady Claudia Alta Taylor "Lady Bird" Johnson in 1965, thus Woods' was invited to the White House to help launch the Head Start Program, a US anti-poverty program, with Delta Sigma Theta.[2][5] Then, in 1968, President Lyndon B. Johnson himself appointed her Chairman of the Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the Services, a committee that aids women serving in the US Armed Forces.[2]

1970s

From 1968 through 1972 she continued her work in community service as the vice chair of the Community Relations Conference of Southern California.[3]

In 1972 two national programs Woods' worked on at NIGMS, the Minority Access to Research Careers Program (MARC) and the Minority Biomedical Research Support Program (MBRS), were finally initiated, though she had trouble persuading administrators at Black colleges to get involved.[2] At that point many were wary because of the long years they'd been out of the spotlight.[2]

1980s-1990s

By 1980 the MARC and MBRS had increased in popularity and hundreds of students were benefitting from the programs across the country.[2] Along with her other notable leadership positions, Woods headed Howard University's Board of Trustees from 1975 to 1988.[5]

She eventually retired from the NIH and many of her leadership positions in 1991.[3]

Awards and honors

Woods has earned numerous awards for her dedication to community service and minority rights, including the Mary Church Terrell Award of Delta Sigma Theta and the Scroll of Merit of the National Medical Association in 1979, the Howard University Achievement Award in 1980, and a Distinguished Leadership Achievement Award from the National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education in 1987.[10]

In 1978, the sixth annual NIGMS Minority Biomedical Support (MBS) symposium held at the Atlanta University Center in Georgia was dedicated to Woods.[7] The Federal City Chapter of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. recognized Woods' contributions to the sorority by establishing the Geraldine P. Woods Sciences Award in 1994.[11] At the Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minority Students (ABRCMS) in 2003, NIGMS unveiled the Geraldine Woods Award because of her pivotal role in the development of the MBRS and MARC, two NIH minority programs. This award recognizes individuals who have had a significant impact in promoting the advancement of underrepresented minorities in biomedical science.[12]

A fellowship in biology at Howard University and one in chemistry at Atlanta University have both been established in her name.[2] She has also earned honorary degrees at Benedict College, Talladega College, Fisk University, Bennett College, Meharry Medical College, and Howard University.[10]

Personal life

During her time as an instructor at Howard, she met and married Robert Woods, a dentistry student at Meharry Medical College.[3] After he graduated from dentistry school they moved to Los Angeles, California[10] where Woods put her career on hold to raise their three children,[3][10] Jan, Jerri, and Robert.[13]

Woods once said, "I was so busy 'driving' that I couldn't find time to research and write. But I think I made a lasting contribution to science nevertheless."[2]

After a long illness Woods died on December 27, 1999 in her Aliso Viejo home.[5]

References

  1. 1 2 Carey, Charles W. (2008). African Americans in Science: An Encyclopedia of People and Progress. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. pp. 208–210. ISBN 9781851099986.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Warren, Wini (1999). Black Women Scientists in the United States. Indiana University Press. pp. 269–275. ISBN 0253336031.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Oakes, Elizabeth (2007). Encyclopedia of World Scientists. Infobase Publishing. pp. 779–780. ISBN 081604130X.
  4. 1 2 3 Kessler, James H.; Kidd, J. S.; Kidd, Renee A.; Morin, Katherine A. (1996). Distinguished African American Scientists of the 20th Century. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 346–350. ISBN 0897749553.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Woo, Elaine (January 5, 2000). "Geraldine Woods; Scientists Helped Launch Head Start". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
  6. 1 2 "Black History Month: A Medical Perspective: Chronology of Achievements". Duke University Medical Center Library and Archives. Duke University Medical Center. 16 July 2015. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
  7. 1 2 "Important Events in MARC and MBRS History". National Institute of General Medical Sciences Minority Program Update. National Institute of General Medical Sciences. 2002. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
  8. ↑ "Geraldine Pittman Woods (Omega Omega Chapter) 13th National President (1963-1967)". Delta Sigma Theta, Inc. Delta Sigma Theta, Inc. 2012. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
  9. ↑ "Chapter Programs". New Haven Alumnae. Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. 18 November 2015. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
  10. 1 2 3 4 American Women of Science Since 1900: Essays A-H. 1. ABC-CLIO. 2011. pp. 979–980. ISBN 1598841580.
  11. ↑ "Board of Trustees". Howard University Office of the Secretary. Howard University. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
  12. ↑ "ABRCMS Commemorates NIGMS Anniversaries". National Institute of General Medical Sciences Minority Program Update. National Institute of General Medical Sciences. 2003. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  13. ↑ Athey, Susan (2000). "Minority Programs Update". National Institute of General Medical Sciences. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
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