Conductor-discriminant formula

In mathematics, the conductor-discriminant formula or Führerdiskriminantenproduktformel, introduced by Hasse (1926, 1930) for abelian extensions and by Artin (1931) for Galois extensions, is a formula calculating the relative discriminant of a finite Galois extension $L/K$ of local or global fields from the Artin conductors of the irreducible characters $\mathrm{Irr}(G)$ of the Galois group $G = G(L/K)$ .

Statement

Let $L/K$ be a finite Galois extension of global fields with Galois group $G$ . Then the discriminant equals

\mathfrak{d}_{L/K} = \prod_{\chi \in \mathrm{Irr}(G)}\mathfrak{f}(\chi)^{\chi(1)},

where $\mathfrak{f}(\chi)$ equals the global Artin conductor of $\chi$ .^[1]

Example

Let $L = \mathbf{Q}(\zeta_{p^n})/\mathbf{Q}$ be a cyclotomic extension of the rationals. The Galois group $G$ equals $(\mathbf{Z}/p^n)^\times$ . Because $(p)$ is the only finite prime ramified, the global Artin conductor $\mathfrak{f}(\chi)$ equals the local one $\mathfrak{f}_{(p)}(\chi)$ . Because $G$ is abelian, every non-trivial irreducible character $\chi$ is of degree $1 = \chi(1)$ . Then, the local Artin conductor of $\chi$ equals the conductor of the ${\mathfrak {p}}$ -adic completion of $L^\chi = L^{\mathrm{ker}(\chi)}/\mathbf{Q}$ , i.e. $(p)^{n_p}$ , where $n_p$ is the smallest natural number such that $U_{\mathbf{Q}_p}^{(n_p)} \subseteq N_{L^\chi_\mathfrak{p}/\mathbf{Q}_p}(U_{L^\chi_\mathfrak{p}})$ . If $p>2$ , the Galois group $G(L_\mathfrak{p}/\mathbf{Q}_p) = G(L/\mathbf{Q}_p) = (\mathbf{Z}/p^n)^\times$ is cyclic of order $\varphi(p^n)$ , and by local class field theory and using that $U_{\mathbf{Q}_p}/U^{(k)}_{\mathbf{Q}_p} = (\mathbf{Z}/p^k)^\times$ one sees easily that $\mathfrak{f}_{(p)}(\chi) = (p^{\varphi(p^n)(n - 1/(p-1))})$ : the exponent is

\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}(\varphi(p^n) - \varphi(p^i)) = n\varphi(p^n) - 1 - (p-1)\sum_{i=0}^{n-2}p^i = n\varphi(p^n) - p^{n-1}.

Notes

↑ Neukirch 1999, VII.11.9.

References

Artin, Emil (1931), "Die gruppentheoretische Struktur der Diskriminanten algebraischer Zahlkörper.", Journal für Reine und Angewandte Mathematik (in German), 164: 1–11, doi:10.1515/crll.1931.164.1, ISSN 0075-4102, Zbl 0001.00801
Hasse, H. (1926), "Bericht über neuere Untersuchungen und Probleme aus der Theorie der algebraischen Zahlkörper. I: Klassenkörpertheorie.", Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung (in German), 35: 1–55
Hasse, H. (1930), "Führer, Diskriminante und Verzweigungskörper relativ-Abelscher Zahlkörper.", Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (in German), 162: 169–184, doi:10.1515/crll.1930.162.169, ISSN 0075-4102
Neukirch, Jürgen (1999). Algebraic Number Theory. Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften. 322. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-540-65399-8. Zbl 0956.11021. MR 1697859.

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