Isotopes of einsteinium
Einsteinium (Es) is a synthetic element, and thus a standard atomic mass cannot be given. Like all artificial elements, it has no stable isotopes. The first isotope to be discovered (in nuclear fallout from an H-bomb test) was 253Es in 1952. There are 19 known radioisotopes from 240Es to 258Es, and 3 nuclear isomers (250mEs, 254mEs, and 256mEs). The longest-lived isotope is 252Es with a half-life of 471.7 days, or around 1.293 years.
Table
nuclide symbol |
Z(p) | N(n) | isotopic mass (u) |
half-life | decay mode(s)[1][n 1] |
daughter isotope(s) |
nuclear spin |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
excitation energy | |||||||
240Es | 99 | 141 | 240.06892(43)# | 1# s | α | 236Bk | |
β+ (rare) | 240Cf | ||||||
241Es | 99 | 142 | 241.06854(24)# | 10(5) s [8(+6−5) s] |
α | 237Bk | (3/2−) |
β+ (rare) | 241Cf | ||||||
242Es | 99 | 143 | 242.06975(35)# | 13.5(25) s | α (99.94%) | 238Bk | |
β+, SF (.6%) | (various) | ||||||
β+ (rare) | 242Cf | ||||||
243Es | 99 | 144 | 243.06955(25)# | 21(2) s | β+ (70%) | 243Cf | 3/2−# |
α (30%) | 239Bk | ||||||
244Es | 99 | 145 | 244.07088(20)# | 37(4) s | β+ (94.69%) | 244Cf | |
α (5.3%) | 240Bk | ||||||
β+, SF (.01%) | (various) | ||||||
245Es | 99 | 146 | 245.07132(22)# | 1.1(1) min | β+ (60%) | 245Cf | (3/2−) |
α (40%) | 241Bk | ||||||
246Es | 99 | 147 | 246.07290(24)# | 7.7(5) min | β+ (90.1%) | 246Cf | 4−# |
α (9.9%) | 242Bk | ||||||
β+, SF (.003%) | (various) | ||||||
247Es | 99 | 148 | 247.07366(3)# | 4.55(26) min | β+ (93%) | 247Cf | 7/2+# |
α (7%) | 243Bk | ||||||
SF (9×10−5%) | (various) | ||||||
248Es | 99 | 149 | 248.07547(6)# | 27(5) min | β+ (99.75%) | 248Cf | 2−#,0+# |
α (.25%) | 244Bk | ||||||
β+, SF (3×10−5%) | (various) | ||||||
249Es | 99 | 150 | 249.07641(3)# | 102.2(6) min | β+ (99.43%) | 249Cf | 7/2+ |
α (.57%) | 245Bk | ||||||
250Es | 99 | 151 | 250.07861(11)# | 8.6(1) h | β+ (97%) | 250Cf | (6+) |
α (3%) | 246Bk | ||||||
250mEs | 200(150)# keV | 2.22(5) h | EC (99%) | 250Cf | 1(−) | ||
α (1%) | 246Bk | ||||||
251Es | 99 | 152 | 251.079992(7) | 33(1) h | EC (99.51%) | 251Cf | (3/2−) |
α (.49%) | 247Bk | ||||||
252Es | 99 | 153 | 252.08298(5) | 471.7(19) d | α (76%) | 248Bk | (5−) |
EC (24%) | 252Cf | ||||||
β− (.01%) | 252Fm | ||||||
253Es[n 2] | 99 | 154 | 253.0848247(28) | 20.47(3) d | α | 249Bk | 7/2+ |
SF (8.7×10−6%) | (various) | ||||||
254Es | 99 | 155 | 254.088022(5) | 275.7(5) d | α | 250Bk | (7+) |
EC (10−4%) | 254Cf | ||||||
SF (3×10−6%) | (various) | ||||||
β− (1.74×10−6%) | 254Fm | ||||||
254mEs | 84.2(25) keV | 39.3(2) h | β− (98%) | 254Fm | 2+ | ||
IT (3%) | 254Es | ||||||
α (.33%) | 250Bk | ||||||
EC (.078%) | 254Cf | ||||||
SF (.0045%) | (various) | ||||||
255Es | 99 | 156 | 255.090273(12) | 39.8(12) d | β− (92%) | 255Fm | (7/2+) |
α (8%) | 251Bk | ||||||
SF (.0041%) | (various) | ||||||
256Es | 99 | 157 | 256.09360(11)# | 25.4(24) min | β− | 256Fm | (1+,0−) |
256mEs | 0(100)# keV | 7.6 h | β− (99.99%) | 256Fm | (8+) | ||
β−, SF (.002%) | (various) | ||||||
257Es | 99 | 158 | 257.09598(44)# | 7.7(2) d | β− | 257Fm | 7/2+# |
α | 253Bk | ||||||
258Es | 99 | 159 | 258.09952(32)# | 3# min |
- ↑ Abbreviations:
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
SF: Spontaneous fission - ↑ Most common isotope
Notes
- Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
- Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC, which use expanded uncertainties.
References
- ↑ "Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica. (registration required (help)).
- Isotope masses from:
- G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- J. R. de Laeter; J. K. Böhlke; P. De Bièvre; H. Hidaka; H. S. Peiser; K. J. R. Rosman; P. D. P. Taylor (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- M. E. Wieser (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051. Lay summary.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources. See editing notes on this article's talk page.
- G. Audi; A. H. Wapstra; C. Thibault; J. Blachot; O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties" (PDF). Nuclear Physics A. 729: 3–128. Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.
- National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.1 database". Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved September 2005. Check date values in:
|access-date=
(help) - N. E. Holden (2004). "Table of the Isotopes". In D. R. Lide. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). CRC Press. Section 11. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.
Isotopes of californium | Isotopes of einsteinium | Isotopes of fermium |
Table of nuclides |
Isotopes of the chemical elements | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 H |
2 He | ||||||||||||||||
3 Li |
4 Be |
5 B |
6 C |
7 N |
8 O |
9 F |
10 Ne | ||||||||||
11 Na |
12 Mg |
13 Al |
14 Si |
15 P |
16 S |
17 Cl |
18 Ar | ||||||||||
19 K |
20 Ca |
21 Sc |
22 Ti |
23 V |
24 Cr |
25 Mn |
26 Fe |
27 Co |
28 Ni |
29 Cu |
30 Zn |
31 Ga |
32 Ge |
33 As |
34 Se |
35 Br |
36 Kr |
37 Rb |
38 Sr |
39 Y |
40 Zr |
41 Nb |
42 Mo |
43 Tc |
44 Ru |
45 Rh |
46 Pd |
47 Ag |
48 Cd |
49 In |
50 Sn |
51 Sb |
52 Te |
53 I |
54 Xe |
55 Cs |
56 Ba |
72 Hf |
73 Ta |
74 W |
75 Re |
76 Os |
77 Ir |
78 Pt |
79 Au |
80 Hg |
81 Tl |
82 Pb |
83 Bi |
84 Po |
85 At |
86 Rn | |
87 Fr |
88 Ra |
104 Rf |
105 Db |
106 Sg |
107 Bh |
108 Hs |
109 Mt |
110 Ds |
111 Rg |
112 Cn |
113 Nh |
114 Fl |
115 Mc |
116 Lv |
117 Ts |
118 Og | |
57 La |
58 Ce |
59 Pr |
60 Nd |
61 Pm |
62 Sm |
63 Eu |
64 Gd |
65 Tb |
66 Dy |
67 Ho |
68 Er |
69 Tm |
70 Yb |
71 Lu | |||
89 Ac |
90 Th |
91 Pa |
92 U |
93 Np |
94 Pu |
95 Am |
96 Cm |
97 Bk |
98 Cf |
99 Es |
100 Fm |
101 Md |
102 No |
103 Lr | |||
|
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 10/12/2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.