Dipterocarpus
| Dipterocarpus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Dipterocarpus bourdillonii sapling from Peravoor | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Dipterocarpaceae |
| Genus: | Dipterocarpus C.F.Gaertn. |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Dipterocarpus is a genus of flowering plants and the type genus of family Dipterocarpaceae.
Dipterocarpus are the third largest and most diverse genus among Dipterocarpaceae. They are well known for timber, but less acknowledged for its medicinal importance.[1] The genus has about 70 species,[2] occurring in Southeast Asia. It is an important component of dipterocarp forests. Its generic name comes from Greek and means "two-winged fruits".
The greatest diversity of Dipterocarpus species occurs on Borneo, with many endemic to the island.
Uses
The genus is of considerable importance as timber trees, sold under the trade name Keruing, although not as important as Shorea species. Dipterocarpus turbinatus, Gurjan, is a major commercial timber species found in the Andaman islands. Gurjan wood is very important for making plywood.
Phytochemistry and Pharmacology
Phytochemically genus Dipterocarpus has reported to contain resin, coumarin and dammar. The Resveratrol class of compounds is one of the major chemical constituent in this genus. Dipterocarpus species showed Anti-AIDS, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-oxidant activities. Therapeutically important species in this genus are Dipterocarpus obtusifolius Teijsm ex Miq because it may have cured against AIDS[1]
Selected species
Species include:[2]
- Dipterocarpus acutangulus
- Dipterocarpus alatus
- Dipterocarpus applanatus
- Dipterocarpus baudii
- Dipterocarpus borneensis
- Dipterocarpus bourdilloni
- Dipterocarpus caudatus
- Dipterocarpus caudiferus
- Dipterocarpus chartaceus
- Dipterocarpus cinereus
- Dipterocarpus concavus
- Dipterocarpus condorensis
- Dipterocarpus confertus
- Dipterocarpus conformis
- Dipterocarpus coriaceus
- Dipterocarpus cornutus
- Dipterocarpus costatus
- Dipterocarpus costulatus
- Dipterocarpus crinitus
- Dipterocarpus cuspidatus
- Dipterocarpus dyeri
- Dipterocarpus elongatus
- Dipterocarpus eurynchus
- Dipterocarpus fagineus
- Dipterocarpus fusiformis
- Dipterocarpus geniculatus
- Dipterocarpus glabrigemmatus
- Dipterocarpus glandulosus
- Dipterocarpus globosus
- Dipterocarpus gracilis
- Dipterocarpus grandiflorus, the wood is sold as keruing timber
- Dipterocarpus hasseltii
- Dipterocarpus hispidus
- Dipterocarpus humeratus
- Dipterocarpus indicus
- Dipterocarpus insignis
- Dipterocarpus intricatus
- Dipterocarpus kerrii, the wood is sold as keruing timber
- Dipterocarpus kunstleri
- Dipterocarpus lamellatus
- Dipterocarpus littoralis
- Dipterocarpus lowii
- Dipterocarpus megacarpus
- Dipterocarpus mundus
- Dipterocarpus nudus
- Dipterocarpus oblongifolius
- Dipterocarpus obtusifolius
- Dipterocarpus ochraceus
- Dipterocarpus orbicularis
- Dipterocarpus pachyphyllus
- Dipterocarpus palembanicus
- Dipterocarpus perakensis
- Dipterocarpus retusus
- Dipterocarpus rigidus
- Dipterocarpus rotundifolius
- Dipterocarpus sarawakensis, locally called the Sarawak Keruing
- Dipterocarpus semivestitus
- Dipterocarpus stellatus
- Dipterocarpus sublamellatus
- Dipterocarpus tempehes
- Dipterocarpus tuberculatus
- Dipterocarpus turbinatus, the wood is sold as keruing timber
- Dipterocarpus validus
- Dipterocarpus verrucosus
- Dipterocarpus zeylanicus
References
- 1 2 Aslam, Muhammad Shahzad, Muhammad Syarhabil Ahmad, and Awang Soh Mamat. A PHYTOCHEMICAL, ETHNO MEDICINAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW OF GENUS DIPTEROCARPUS, International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Volume 7, issue 4, pp. 27-38
- 1 2 "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
- R. Hédl, M. Svátek, M. Dancak, Rodzay A.W., M. Salleh A.B., Kamariah A.S. A new technique for inventory of permanent plots in tropical forests: a case study from lowland dipterocarp forest in Kuala Belalong, Brunei Darussalam, In Blumea 54, 2009, p 124–130. Publié 30. 10. 2009.
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